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OS Sup 38 October SR I 2009 10655moduleTanDeltaSep2009
OS Sup 38 October SR I 2009 10655moduleTanDeltaSep2009
Phasor Diagram
The dipoles in the di-electric align along the Electric Field and changes direction in AC. This movement causes the losses. (For example water molecules).
Schering Bridge
Omicron Kit
UST-A UST-B UST-A+B GST GSTg-A GSTg-B GSTg-A+B Measure C1, Guards C2, C3 Measure C2, Guards C1, C3 Measure C1+C2, Guards C3 Measure C1+C2+C3 Measure C2+C3, Guards C1 Measure C1+C3, Guards C2 Measure C3, Guards C1,C2
Eltel Kit
1. UST Y 2. UST B 3. UST YB 4. GST YBG 7. GST BG 6. GST YG 5. GST G
Note: For ungrounded objects, use UST-A or UST Y. For simple grounded objects, use GST or GST YBG. In grounded objects, if any other capacitor is connected to HV cable, use GSTg-A+B or GST G with only one cable connected to other end of the capacitor for removing it from the measurement (guarding). Do not connect any LV cable to ground.
Connect HV cable to HV+IV+N. Connect LV cable A or Yellow to Tertiary. Test in GSTg-A(7. GST BG) or GSTg-A+B (5. GST G). Since HV to Tertiary capacitor is guarded in this method, the result will be HV+IV+N to Earth. 3. Tertiary to Earth in GSTg mode Connect HV cable to Tertiary. Connect LV cable A or Yellow to HV+IV+N. Test in GSTg-A(7. GST BG) or GSTg-A+B (5. GST G). Since Tertiary to HV capacitor is guarded in this method, the result will be Tertiary to Earth. Note : 1. If we avoid guarding in step 2, ie., by doing GST test, the total capacitance will be sum of Step 1 and Step 2. 2. If we avoid guarding in step 3, ie., by doing GST test, the total capacitance will be sum of Step 1 and Step 3.
1. CVTs where Neutral can be isolated UST In the case of CVTs where neutral of the EMU transformer can be isolated from ground, UST measurements are possible. Isolate HF and Neutral from ground. Connect HV lead to high voltage of the CVT and LV lead to HF point. Measure in UST mode. Individual stack can be measured in UST mode by connecting the test lead to the CVT flanges. For the bottom most unit, connect HV lead to the flange and LV lead to HF point. 2. CVTs where Neutral cannot be isolated UST and GST In the case of CVTs where neutral of the EMU transformer cannot be isolated from ground, UST measurements are not possible for the total capacitor as well as the bottom unit. For measuring total capacitance, do not disconnect HF or Neutral from ground. Connect HV lead to high voltage point. Connect LV lead to ground. Measure in GST mode. It will be required to disconnect the jumpers in GST measurements. Bottom stack also to be measured in GST mode with HV lead to stack flange and LV lead to ground. For top and middle stack, measurement can be done in UST mode. The total capacitance or bottom stack capacitance test may show negative tan delta due to the presence of the EMU transformer. In such cases, the tan delta value may be ignored.
Acceptable limits
Item Capacitance Tan Delta
+ 10% or -5 % of previous results ---+ - 5% of rated value ---Changes from pre-comm value Up To +- 2% = 3Y +-2% to +-3% = Y Above +- 6% = Alarming
< 0.007 Rate of raise 0.001/year - do- do- doIf value >0.007 upto 0.010 = HY Above 0.010 Replace CT <0.007 Changes from pre-comm value Up To +0.002= 3Y +0.002 to +0.003= Y Above +0.003= Alarming