Drilling Machine

Used for cutting holes quickly and at low cost using a tool called
drill.
Hole is cut by rotating edges of drill, which exert large force on
work-piece.

Types of Drilling machines:

1. Portable drilling machine

2. Sensitive drilling machine……. bench and floor mounted
3. Upright drilling machine………a) Round column
b) Box column
4. Radial drilling machine………. plane, semi-universal, universal
5. Gang drilling machine
6. Automatic drilling machine
7. Multiple spindle drilling machine
8. Deep hole drilling machine……vertical/horizontal

Drilling Machine Operations:

 Drilling:

 Producing cylindrical hole with tool called drill.

 Simplest method of making hole.
 Drilled hole always has rough surface and is oversized.

For drill of 12mm diameter, oversize of hole is 0.125mm.

For hole of 22mm diameter, oversize of 0.5mm is observed.

 Reaming:

Accurate way of sizing and finishing a hole which has been drilled
previously.

 Hole has to be drilled undersized to be reamed.

 Reamer cannot originate hole and is rotated at half the speed
of drilling.
 Reamer cannot correct hole location.
 The material removed is in the range 0.125 to 0.375mm.

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  Boring:

 Enlarge the hole with adjustable tool.

 Suitable for making odd size hole.
 Used as finishing operation.
 To machine surfaces of casted holes.
 To correct out-off roundness of hole.
 To correct location of hole.
 Accuracy as high as ±0.00125mm.
 Requires several passes of tool.

 Counter-boring:

 Enlarging end of the hole.

 Enlarged hole forms square shoulder
 Used to accommodate bolts, nuts, etc.
 Tool has straight or taper shank.
 Pilot guides the tool.
 Accuracy of ±0.05mm.

 Counter-sinking:

 Making cone-shaped end enlargement.

 Seat for screw or rivet head (conical shaped).
 Standard counter-sinks have 60°, 82° or 90° angle.
 Cutting edges are on conical surfaces.
 25% less speed than drilling.

 Spot facing:

 Smoothing and squaring surface around hole for nut or

screw head.
 Counter bore or special tool used.

 Tapping:

 Operation of cutting internal thread by a tool called tap.

 Tapping can be performed manually or by machine.
 Tap is a bolt with threads on it.

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  Threads of tap act as cutting edges and remove metal and
cuts internal threads.
 Tapping is done on hole having less diameter than outside
diameter of thread.

 Trepanning:

 It is the operation of producing hole by removing metal

along the circumference of a hollow cutting tool.
 Used for producing large holes.
 Tool is in the form of a hollow tube with cutting edges at one
end and solid shank at other end to fit in drill spindle.
 There is saving of material while drilling the hole.

 Lapping:

 Using lap, holes can be accurately finished/polished.

 Grinding:

 With grinding wheel mounted on spindle, made to feed up

and down

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