JusSanguinisistherulefortheUnitedStates; JusSoliorJusSanguinis,orboth,fortheseveralStates

2012DanGoodman BeforetheFourteenthAmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesof AmericaandtheSlaughterhouseCases,intheUnitedStatesofAmerica,therewere twocitizensundertheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica;onewasa citizenofaState(native),underArticleIV,Section2,Clause1oftheConstitution, andtheotherwasacitizenoftheUnitedStates(naturalized)underArticleI,Section 8,Clause4oftheConstitution: AnaturalizedcitizenisindeedmadeacitizenunderanactofCongress,butthe actdoesnotproceedtogive,toregulate,ortoprescribehiscapacities.Hebecomes amemberofthesociety,possessingalltherightsofanativecitizen,andstanding,in theviewoftheconstitution,onthefootingofanative....Heisdistinguishablein nothingfromanativecitizen,exceptsofarastheconstitutionmakesthedistinction. Osbornv.BankofUnitedStates:22U.S.(9Wheat.)738,at827thru828(1824).
http://books.google.com/books?id=OUAFAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA827#v=onepage&q&f=false

OnebornintheUnitedStatesofAmerica;inanindividualState,wasacitizenofa State,first,andthenacitizenoftheUnitedStates.Apersonnaturalizedunderthe lawsoftheUnitedStates,undertheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates,however,wasa citizenoftheUnitedStates,first,andthenacitizenofaStateheorshewas domiciledin.Gassiesv.Baloon,31U.S.(6Peters)761(1832).

http://books.google.com/books?id=ES43AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA761#v=onepage&q&f=false

Therefore,anative(natural)borncitizenwasacitizenofaState,first,andthena citizenoftheUnitedStates,entitledunderArticleIV,Section2,Clause1ofthe ConstitutiontoprivilegesandimmunitiesofcitizensintheseveralStates.A naturalizedcitizenwasacitizenoftheUnitedStates,first,andthenacitizenofa State,entitledunderArticleIV,Section2,Clause1oftheConstitutiontoprivileges andimmunitiesofcitizensintheseveralStates:[Footnote1] AnaturalizedcitizenoftheUnitedStatesoranativecitizenofanyotherstateof theunion,domiciledinVirginia,beingentitledtoalltheprivilegesofacitizenofthis state,isacitizen.Syllabus,Commonwealthv.Towles:5Leigh743(1835). 1

Inthecaseofanaturalizedalien,aswellasinthecaseofanindividualbornout ofthiscommonwealthinsomeotheroftheUnitedStates,theprivilegesand immunitiesofcitizenship,impliedinnaturalization,andexpresslydeclaredinthe constitution,mustbecompleteunderthefederallaws,withoutrequiringanyaid, oradmittingtheinterference,ofanystatelaw....Itisobvious,thattheprivileges andimmunitiesofthenaturalizedcitizenandofthecitizenofeachstate,areexactly thesame,undertheconstitutionoftheUnitedStatesart.42,andthenaturalized citizen,andthenativecitizenofNorthCarolina,wouldbebothequallyentitledto them,whatevertheyare,inthestateofVirginia.Opinion,Commonwealthv.Towles: 5Leigh743,at748thru749(1835).
http://books.google.com/books?id=aZ4UAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA277#v=onepage&q=&f=false

JussoliandjussanguiniswerebothfollowedintheseveralStates.IntheStateof NewYorkthereisthefollowingexampleofjussolilegislation: Thecitizensofthestateare: 1. Allpersonsborninthisstateanddomiciledwithinit,exceptthechildrenof transientaliensandofalienpublicministersandconsuls; 2. AllpersonsbornoutofthisstatewhoarecitizensoftheUnitedStatesand domiciledwithinthisstate.Section5ofthePoliticalCodeofNewYork, 1859.

http://books.google.com/books?id=l3w4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA51#v=onepage&q&f=false

WhereasintheStateofConnecticutthereisthisexampleofjussoliandjus sanguinislegislation: Sec.1.(1857)AllpersonsborninthisState,allpersonsbornwithoutitslimits, ifchildrenofcitizensofthisState,whoaretemporarilyabsenttherefrom,andall otherpersonsbeingin,orcominginto,andlocatinginthisState,withintentto remainandresidepermanentlyascitizens,exceptaliens,paupers,andfugitives fromjusticeorservice,areandshallbedeemedtobecitizensofthisState,owingit allegianceandentitledtoreceiveitsprotection,untiltheyshallhavevoluntarily withdrawnfromitslimits,andbecomeincorporatedintosomeotherStateor sovereigntyasmembersthereof.TitleII,Chapter1,Section1ofTheGeneral StatutesoftheStateofConnecticut,revisionof1875,page4.
http://books.google.com/books?id=4dsZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA4#v=onepage&q&f=false

AndfromtheStateofVirginiathereisthisexampleofjussoliandjussanguinis legislation: 1.Allpersonsborninthisstate;allpersonsborninanyotherstateofthis Union,whomaybeorbecomeresidentsofthisstate;allaliensnaturalizedunderthe lawsoftheUnitedStates,whomaybeorbecomeresidentsofthisstate;allpersons whohaveobtainedarighttocitizenshipunderformerlaws;andallchildren whereverborn,whosefather,orifhebedead,whosemother,shallbeacitizenof thisstateatthetimeofthebirthofsuchchildren,shallbedeemedcitizensofthis state.Chapter358,Section1(AnACTtoAmendSection1,Chapter3oftheCodeof 1860,DefiningwhoareCitizensoftheStateofVirginia;ApprovedOctober31, 1870),ActsoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheStateofVirginiapassedattheSessionof 186970,page515.
http://books.google.com/books?id=AhQSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA515#v=onepage&q&f=false

Usingtheseexamplesoflegislation,itwaspossibleforonetobeacitizenoftwo statesatbirth;forexample,achildbornintheStateofConnecticutwhosefather wasacitizenoftheStateofVirginia;anotherexample,achildbornintheStateof Virginiawhosefatherormother,orbothwerecitizensoftheStateofConnecticut. Usingtheseexamplesoflegislation,itwaspossibleforonetobeacitizenofthree statesatbirth,achildbornintheStateofNewYorkwhosefatherwasacitizenof theStateofVirginiaandwhosemotherwasacitizenoftheStateofConnecticut. Thus,hereareexamplesinwhichonewouldberecognizedasacitizenofaState undertheprincipleofjussoliandjussanguinis.[Footnote2] WiththeratificationoftheFourteenthAmendment,theUnitedStatesofAmerica adoptedtheprincipleofjussanguinisfordeterminingthecitizenshipofonebornin theUnitedStatesandoverseas.[Footnote3] IntheUnitedStatescompletejurisdiction(politicaljurisdiction)mustexist betweenonewhoisbornintheUnitedStates,andnottheUnitedStatesofAmerica, andtheUnitedStatesgovernment,inorderforonetobeacitizenoftheUnited States.[Footnote4]Otherwise,oneisacitizenofanothersovereign,orsovereigns. However,intheseveralStates,theindividualStatesarestillfreetofollowjussoli, jussanguinis,orboth.IntheStateofCaliforniathereisthisexampleofjussoli legislation: Thecitizensofthestateare: 1. Allpersonsborninthisstateandresidingwithinit,exceptthechildrenof transientaliensandofalienpublicministersandconsuls; 3

2. AllpersonsbornoutofthisstatewhoarecitizensoftheUnitedStatesand residingwithinthisstate.Section241oftheCaliforniaGovernmentCode, 2011.

http://law.onecle.com/california/government/241.html

IntheStateofMontanathereisthisexampleofjussolilegislation: Thecitizensofthestateare: 1. allpersonsborninthisstateandresidingwithinit,exceptthechildrenof transientaliens; 2. allpersonsbornoutofthisstatewhoarecitizensoftheUnitedStatesand residingwithinthisstate.Title1,Chapter1,Section402oftheMontana CodeAnnotated,2011.

http://data.opi.mt.gov/bills/mca_toc/1_1_4.htm

IntheStateofNorthDakotathereisthisexampleofjussolilegislation: Whoarecitizens.Thecitizensofthestateare: 1. Allpersonsborninthisstateandresidingwithinit,exceptthechildrenof transientaliensandofalienpublicministersandconsuls; 2. AllpersonsbornoutofthisstatewhoarecitizensoftheUnitedStatesand residingwithinthisstate.Section13ofthePoliticalCodeofNorthDakota, 1937.

http://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=16486693112477151117

AndfromtheStateofVirginiathereisthisexampleofjussoliandjussanguinis legislation: Sec.62.Whoarecitizens.AllpersonsborninthisState;allpersonsbornin anyotherStateofthisUnion,whomaybeorbecomeresidentsofthisState;all aliensnaturalizedunderthelawsoftheUnitedStates,whomaybeorbecome residentsofthisState;allpersonswhohaveobtainedarighttocitizenshipunder formerlaws;andallchildrenwhereverborn,whosefather,orifhebedead,whose mother,shallbeacitizenofthisStateatthetimeofthebirthofsuchchildren,shall bedeemedcitizensofthisstate.Section62oftheCodeofVirginia,1918.

http://books.google.com/books?id=ohYSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA44#v=onepage&q&f=false

 ________________________ Footnotes: 1.Theonlydifferencebetweenthem,beforetheFourteenthAmendment,wasthat anative(natural)borncitizen;thatis,acitizenofaState,couldbePresidentofthe UnitedStatesofAmericawhereasanaturalizedcitizen;thatis,acitizenofthe UnitedStates,couldnotbePresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica. 2.ThiswouldcausesomeconfusionforonewhowantedtorunforPresidentofthe UnitedStatesofAmerica.WhichStatewasheacitizenofforpurposesofbeing eligibletobePresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Theauthorhasconcluded thatjussoliwouldprevailsincethiswouldbethecriteriausedforoneborninan individualStatetoparentswhowerenaturalizedcitizensoftheUnitedStates.Jus sanguiniswouldgiveanabsurdresult;thatis,thatthechildborninanindividual State,was,basedonthecitizenshipofthefather,anaturalizedcitizenoftheUnited States.Note:therewasnosuchthingasacitizenoftheUnitedStates,onlyinthe lawofnations(internationallaw)wherebothacitizenofaStateandanaturalized citizenoftheUnitedStateswasrecognizedascitizensoftheUnitedStates.Thechild would,therefore,undertheprincipleofjussoli,beconsideredtobeacitizenofa State. 3.However,tobeeligiblefortheofficeofPresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica, oneisstillrequiredtobeanatural(native)borncitizen.Toseethatacitizenofa StateisstilltherequirementtobePresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,referto myworkNatural(Native)BornCitizen:Solved. 4.SeemyworkYesacitizenoftheUnitedStatesisdomicilintheDistrictof Columbia,theterritoriesandpossessionsoftheUnitedStatesorthefederal enclaveswithintheseveralStateswhereIshowthatacitizenoftheUnitedStates, undertheFourteenthAmendmentisacitizenoftheDistrictofColumbia,the territoriesandpossessionsoftheUnitedStatesgovernment,andthefederal enclaveswithintheseveralStatesoftheUnion. 5