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ENTC463Key and Coupling
ENTC463Key and Coupling
ENTC463Key and Coupling
Couplings
Machine elements used to connect two shafts to transmit power
Keys
Types of Keys
Parallel keys
Square keys Rectangular keys
Tapered Keys and Gib Head Keys Pin Keys Woodruff Keys
Parallel Keys
Woodruff Keys
Parallel Keys
Parallel to the axis of shaft Square keys
Preferred size: 3/32 to 1
Rectangular keys
Preferred size: 1 and up
Parallel Keys
Fore square key, W = H For rectangular key, W > H, calculate L based on compression
Key Example
Design a key for a shaft (D = 1.0) rotating at 350 rpm and transmitting 4.0 hp
ENTC 463
HW#11 Key, Spline, and Coupling Due 4/1/2008 Chapter 11 1, 3, 5 (for the application in problem 3)
Splines
Splines Concept: multiple parallel keys SAE specifications: 4, 6, 10, 16 splines Torque capacity rating
Straight Splines
SAE Standard
Torque capacity is based on the limit of 1000 psi bearing stress
D d T = 1000 N + 2 h 2 2 N : number of splines L ???
T is per inch spline length
Straight Splines
Keys : F T = = A (D 2 )(H 2 )L Splines : T = (Da 2)(h 2)L
Da : average diameter ( Da = (D + d ) 2) T D + d D d N L 4 2
Straight Splines
=
D + d D d T = 1000 N 4 2
T < Sy D + d D d N L 4 2 D + d D d T < SyN L 4 2
Torque capacity of the spline: D = 1.0, d=0.85, N=4 (4 splines), L=1.0, Sy=30 ksi
T = 139 D 2 D = T 139
D=1.0, Sy = 30 ksi
T = 139(1.0 ) (30) = 4170 lb - in
2
Example
Select a spline and determine the diameter of the shaft for power transmission of 20 hp at 400 rpm.
Double shear : F=
(2T D ) = 4T < S 2T T F = = = ys (D 2 ) D 2 A 2 d 2 4 d 2 D
4T d> DS ys
Coupling
Couplings
Objective
Connecting two shafts together at their ends for power transmission Rigid coupling: connecting two shafts with no relative motion of shafts can occur Flexible coupling: also called compliant coupling, can handle misalignment such as axial, angular, parallel, and torsional alignment
Couplings
Rigid coupling
T 2T = (D 2 ) D F 2T < S ys = = 2 A DN d 4 F=
d=
8T DNS ys
N : number of bolts
Exam #2 Review
Chain
Chain number (size) Power rating Layout (dimension)
Sprockets Length Center distance
Lubrication method
Evaluation
Tension Bending Fatigue Bearing (sheave)
Example problems
Design a belt system (v-belt) to transmit 20 hp from 1170 rpm to 400 rpm. The input and output of a chain system is 870 rpm and 250 rpm. Select chain and design layout to transmit 25 hp. Select a wire rope and pulley to lift 4000 lb load with the pulley installed at 60 ft off ground.
Gears
Gears types
Spur gear Helical gear Bevel gear Worm and wormgear
Geometry
Diametrial pitch, pd Diameter or # of teeth Face width
Gears Consideration
Forces
Tangential Radial Axial
Stresses (number)
Bending stress Contact stress
Material selection
Allowable stress number
Gear Examples
Design helical/bevel pinion (rotating at 1200 rpm) and gear (400 rpm) and select gear material to transmit 20 hp. Estimate the power transmission capacity of a gray cast iron Class 30 pinion (D=2) rotating at 1200 rpm. A wormgear set has a single thread worm and a reduction ratio of 30. Design the worm and wormgear dimension and select material to transmit input power of 15 hp with higher than 85% efficiency.
Radial load only (P=VR) Radial load and thrust load (P=XVR+YT)
Bearing Example
The radial load acting on a 6315 bearing is 1200 lb. After 100,000 rev., Determine the remaining life of the bearing.
Bearings
Plain Surface Bearing
Boundary Lubricated Bearing
Geometry diameter, length, clearance Material selection
Bearing Examples
Determine the size and material of a boundary lubrication for a radial load of 200 lb on 0.5 diameter shaft rotating at 300 rpm. Design a hydrodynamic lubrication bearing for an application of: 1200 lb radial load, 1.5 shaft diameter, and 1200 rpm shaft speed. Specify lubricant, operating temperature, power loss.
Bearing
Plain Surface Bearing (cont.)
Hydrostatic bearing
Lifting force (load) capacity Flow rate Power and power loss Operating pressure Pad geometry Lubricant and operating temperature
Bearing Examples
To lift 3500 lb load with a 0.5 hp pump that can deliver lubricant at a max. pressure of 500 psi, determine the pad geometry and the lubricant to be used.
Spline
Determine torque capacity based on shaft diameter and material
Coupling
Rigid coupling Flexible coupling (torque rating)
Key Examples
Design a key and select key material for a shaft (D = 1.5) rotating at 1200 rpm and transmitting 12 hp.