Submitted to: Dr.

Maria Submitted by: Aamir Rauf Memon CMS #: 7690 Subject: Physical agents & Electrotherapy-II Semester: 6th Assignment # 02 References: Claytons Electrotherapy 9th Ed (Angela Foster,Nigel Palastanga) (Question # 01). Lecture (Question # 01 & 02)

Q.1: Explain Inductive coil method used is SWD Inductive Coil

It is made up of a coil through which AC flows & produces magnetic field perpendicular to the coil, inducing Electric eddy currents in the tissue causing the tissue electron oscillation. Friction produced by electron oscillation tissue temperature. Strength of Induced Eddy currents is determined by: 1. Strength of magnetic field in the area 2. Electric Conductivity of the tissues Tissues with high H2O & electrolyte content (muscle & synovial fluid) high electric conductivity. Tissues with low H2O & electrolyte content Fat, Bone, Collagen low electric conductivity. Heat transmitted is deeper & to the superficial tissues Produce most heat in tissues: Closer to the applicator With highest Electrical conductivity Available in two basic forms Cable & Drum. Induction Electrode consists of a Cable or Coil wrapped circumferentially around in the extremity or coiled within the electrode. It creates stronger magnetic field than the electrical.

a) Cable Electrodes
Cable or Coil is usually used for limbs Used in two ways: Wrapped around the treatment area Pancake used on Back Space b/w turns (wrapping) 5-10 cm It heats deeper tissues only. b) Drum Electrodes It heats deeper tissues only Penetration to 3cm Fat layer not > 2cm > 2cm limits heat penetration & absorption Burn Heated tissues Blood vessels & Muscles One or more Monopolar coils rigidly fixed in a housing unit depending on treatment area Towelling is important.

Q.2: Explain different physiological effects of paraffin Wax Bath?

There are 3 major effects i.e. Circulatory, Analgesic, and Stretching Effect explained below:

1. Circulatory Effects
Stimulation of superficial capillaries & arterioles local hyperaemia Reflex vasodilation (skin) Reflex heating of the joints in skin temperature after 15-20 minutes Exercise after Wax Rx ROM & Muscle Strength

2. Analgesic Effects
Most important effect Sedative effect Moist heat Soothing effect Pre-exercise Good for Superficial joints

3. Stretching Effect
Skin becomes moist, soft, & pliable Useful to stretch Scar & Adhesions