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Petroleum Storage Tank Fire
Petroleum Storage Tank Fire
Discharge time and application rate for Sub Surface application Flashpoint 37.8C to 93.c Fp<37.8.c Crude 30 mins 55 mins 55mins .10gpm/ftsq( 4.1 lpm/msq) Do Do
Maximum application rate - .20gpm/ftsq( 8.1 lpm/msq) Foam preference Afff & Fluoroprotien
Discharge Outlets
Type -2 discharge outlets Fixed Devices that delivers foam into burning fuel partially submerges the foam and produce limited agitation on the surface .e.g Foam chambers and foam makers Type-3 discharge outlets Fixed or portable device that delivers foam in such manner that it falls on the surface of the liquid causing agitation e.g hose stream nozzles, monitors
Minimum Discharge time and foam application rate for type-2 foam discharge device Flashpoint 37.8C to 93.c Fp<37.8.c Crude 30 mins 55 mins 55mins .10gpm/ftsq( 4.1 lpm/msq) Do Do
Supplementary hose line ( Depend on tank Dia) Upto 65feet 65feet to 120 feet Over 120feet 1 2 3
Each hose line must be capable of minimum flow rate of 50 gpm foam solution
Flammable liquid having boiling points less than 100.f and products which has been burning for sometime may develop heat layer which might require application rate as high as 0.2 to .25gpm/ftsq. Full surface fire -0.25 gpm( 10.4 lpm /ft2) application rate may be required. Burning crude oil tank may require application rate of 0.32gpm/ft2( 12.9 lpm/m2) Elevated application rate provides a better chance of Foam reaching the burning surface Fall out from delivery system Losses due to thermal updraft Breakdown of foam as it trvels through the flames to reach the burning fuel and the destruction of the foam due to hot fuel and any hot metal surface.
Cooling water required to protect each adjacent tank not shielded from the tank on fire is 500gpm(2m3/min) Cooling water rate of0.05 gpm( 2m3/min) is sufficient to absorb 90% of the radiant heat. Hoses 5inch dia hoses is preferred One 5inch hose line for every 100gpm( 3.8m3/min) flow requirement.At this flow rate friction loss is 8.0 psi for every 100 feet
FOAM DAMS
Foam dam height should not be less than 12 inches Foam dams are to be at least 1 feet but no more than 2feet from the edge of the floating roof Number of fixed discharge points on an open top floating roof tank is determined by the circumference of the tank Spacing is based on height of the foam dams 40 feet of tank circumference when using 12 inch foam dam 80 feet of tank circumference when using 24 inch high foam dam