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Chem Disinfectants
Chem Disinfectants
ethanol
SPECIAL PROPERTIES Used in a conc of 6090% in water. Protein slows down its action while 1% mineral acid or alkali enhances it.
Isopropyl alcohol
Glutaraldehyde
DYES
Aniline dyes eg. Brilliant green, malachite green, crystal violet Acridine dyes eg. Proflavine, acriflavine, euflavine, aminacrine
Bacteriostatic in high dilution. Low bactericidal activity Gram positive> gram negative bacteria, no activity against tubercle bacilli Gram positive> gram negative bacteria
used for treating cabinets and incubators Preserve anat specimens, destroying anthrax spores in wool and hair, sterilize clean metal instruments(10% with 0.5% Na tetraborate) Gas is used to instruments and heat sensitive catheters, fumigating wards, sick-rooms and labs. Clothing bedding, furniture and books can also be disinfected. Sterilize cystoscopes, bronchoscopes, corrugated rubber anaesthetic tubes and face masks, plastic ET tubes, polythene tubing, metal instruments Skin and wound antiseptics
Vapour is toxic and flammable Gas is irritant and toxic when inhaled. This is nullified by exposure to ammonia vapour after completion of disinfection)
Less toxic and irritant to the eyes and skin than formaldehyde
Non irritant and non toxic to tissues, considerably inhibited by organic matter such as pus Less selective than aniline dyes, very little affected by organic matter. Do not differ significantly in potency
Impair DNA complexes of organisms and hence destroy the reproductive property of the cell.
If impregnated in gauze they are slowly released in a moist environment, hence their use in clinical medicine
HALOGENS Iodine
Bactericidal with moderate action against spores, active against tubercle bacilli
Skin disinfectant
Used in aqueous and alcoholic solution, compounds of iodine with non ionic wetting or surface active agents
and viruses Chlorine Bactericidal, viricidal Water supplies, swimming pools, food and dairy industries as disinfectant. Organic chloramines are used as antiseptics for dressing wounds.
PHENOLS