Clumps of Poo (POD Exam 3)

Intracellular Bacteria/Parasites RMSF Typhus Human Erlichiosis Malaria Leishmaniasis Tularemia Brucellosis Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) Toxoplasmosis GI: Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella Typhi (rising fever, rose spots) Microsporidia and a lot more

5/10/2010 2:49:00 PM

Antigenic Variation/Molecular Mimicry African Trypanosomiasis (T. brucei gambiense/rhodesiense) shows AG variation of surface coat Borrelia Recurrentis (Variable Major ProteinAG variation) Schisotosoma (adult forms evade immune system by coating with host antigens)

Ulcer/Papule/Skin thing - Yersinia Pestis buboes, endotoxin - Tularemia - Leishmaniasis - Cat-Scratch Fever (Bartonella henselae) Granuloma - Tularemia - Brucellosis - Cat-scratch (lesions are characterized by granulomatous inflammatory response w/ focal areas of necrosis) - Leishmaniasis - Schistosoma - Listeria (infantiseptica thing)

- Accidental host of roundworm (Ascaris-like) Actin rearrangement EPEC Shigella Survive at Cold Temps Yersinia Listeria Human Pathogens Shigella Salmonella typhi Vibrio cholerae Pregnant = Problems Listeria CMV Toxoplasmosis Hepatitis E Acid Fast Crypto (CD4 has big role so think immunocomp) Cyclo Gram + = the bacillus, the clostridium, listeria, staph Staph aureus, B Cereus, C Perfringens, C Botulinum, C Difficile, Listeria E.coli causes meningitis with head trauma Food Shellfish = Norovirus, Vibrio cholera, Hepatitis A Raw fish = Diphyllobothrium latum (sushi!) Raw shellfish = Vibrio parahemolyticus Undercooked meat, gravy @ warm temp incubation 8-12 hr = C perfringens, B Cereus Diarrhea Processed meats (ham, salted pork) = Staph Pseudoappendicitis Yersinia (most likely) Salmonella spp Campy Orchitis Mumps Brucellosis Spirochetes Leptospira interoggans Borrelia recurrentis Borrelia borghderfi (lyme) No AB Salmonella spp EHEC

Custard-filled pastries, potato salad, ice cream = Staph Rice, pasta = B. cereus emetic Meats and veggies, spices = B. cereus diarrheal Meat (beef, chicken, turkey) = C. perfringens Canned food, honey = C. botulinum Cakes, cruise ship = Norovirus Water = Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium Fresh fruit (raspberries) w/ contaminated water = Cyclospora cayetanensis Salad, snow peas, basil = cyclospora Chicken = Campylobacter jejuni (lambs, pigs), Salmonella Nontyphi (eggs, ground beef) Cold-blooded animals = Salmonella nontyphi Alfalfa sprouts = Salmonella nontyphi Produce, undercooked ground beef = EHEC (also water, p:p) Chittlin (pork product) = Yersinia enterocolitica (also contaminated milk, bean sprouts) Soft cheese, deli-meat, raw veggies, contaminated milk = Listeria Virulence Factors for GI bugs Toxins: Enterotoxins: o Heat Stable Staph, B. Cereus Emetic, ETEC, V. Cholerae Staph stable at 100 for 30 min o Heat Labile B. Cereus Diarrheal, C. Perfringens (can be super), ETEC o Unknown type (to me, at least) C. difficile (Toxin A causes intestinal fluid secretion, is damaging, chemotactic for neutrophils) Cytotoxin o C. difficile (Toxin B depolymerizes actin, destroy cytoskel and cell) Shiga-Like Toxin: o EHEC, Shigella (and HUS), EIEC (a little) Neurotoxin o C. Botulinum (AB Toxin) 60-100C for 10min kills toxin ETEC (CFA), EPEC (BFP, Intimin), EAEC (fimbrae)

Adhesins:

Capsule: Various: Salmonella Typhi (Vi antigen) Yops - Yersinia enterocolitis, Yersinia Pestis Hemolysin - V. parahemolyticus Urease, Cag, VacA H. Pylori NSP4 protein Rotavirus Listeriolysin O (help escape phagolysosomes) Listeria monocytogenes Bind to carb of blood group antigen - Norovirus

Weirdos - C Botulinum constipation in infants, diarrhea in adults, paralysis - B Cereus emetic vomiting, no diarrhea - Listeria most are asymptomatic, preg = bacteremia, elderly/immunosup = bacteremia, sepicemia, meningitis Low ID = C GREENS Crypto (Cyclo believed to be small) Giardia lamblia Rotavirus EHEC Enantomoeba histolytica (theoretically) Norovirus (resists heat up to 60) Shigella DRUGS (GI) Botulism Antitoxin and penicillin ETEC Ciprofloxacin/Fluroquinoline and Immodium Giardia - Metronidazole Cyclospora- TMP-SMX Microsporidia - Albendazole Canmpy - Macrolides Salmonella Typhi Fluoroquinoline (not to nontyphi as promotes prolonged carriage, unless at risk for bactericemia) Clostridium Difficile Vancomycin, Metronidazole E. Histolytica Iodiquinol (luminal), Metronidazole (Tissue)

Nematodes (except strongyloides) Albendazole, Mebendazole Tapeworms Praziquantal

FUN FACTS Hantavirus Pulmonary edema Flavivirus Dengue, Yellow, Hep C Calicivus Roto, Noro, Hep E Measles Vitamin A deficiency, SSPE, malnourished, no NA (morbillivirus), Koplik spots Campy 42 Hep C = CHRONIC CMV retinitis in HIV Hep C IFNa YESS GO ENTER NEGative NAncy