CIVIL WAR

A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same nation state or republic, or, less commonly, between two countries created from a formerly-united nation state. This kind of war may result in large numbers of casualties and the consumption of significant resources. A comprehensive study of civil war was carried out by a team from the World Bank, which came to be named the Collier-Hoeffler Model, in the early of this century. This team concluded that for eg. a country that exports primary resources such as diamond gold, petrol, etc., Has about 30% chance of suffering a civil war, while a country that does not export primary products has got less than 1% risk to suffer this war. Therefore, the objective of this war on the one hand, it may be to take control of the country or a region to exploit its existing resources in this region. Other analyzes come to the conclusion that the power struggle or attempts to change the government policies are also targets of a civil war. The oldest registered civil war was the Civil War of Rome (49-48 BC) for control of the Roman Republic. The worst civil war was the Russian Civil War (1918-1922) Between Bolsheviks and the old regime in Russia after the First World War and killed about 10 million people. One of the examples of the recent civil war in Africa was the Civil War of Libya which resulted in the death of that country's leader Muammar Gaddafi.

MOZAMBICAN CIVIL WAR

The Mozambican Civil War began in 1977, two years after the end of the war of independence with the armies of Frelimo against Renamo vice versa. It all starts when Frelimo decided to implement UN sanctions on Rhodesia by closing the borders with that country, who had a unilateral independence. Rhodesia which depended on the Beira corridor, including the railway line took a blow with these closures. They have stepped up attacks on roads and bridges from Mozambique and helped in the formation of a movement known as RENAMO, which means Resistencia Nacional Moambicana. After the full independence of Zimbabwe, RENAMO continued attacks by placing landmines in many roads, especially in regions near the borders with Rhodesia. These actions had a major destabilizing role in the economy because not only the government was forced to waste significant resources to a war machine, but mostly because it led to the exodus of many thousands of people from the countryside to cities and neighboring countries, reducing agricultural production as well. In 1986 RENAMO managed to achieve one of its objectives that was to force the Mozambican government to abandon its policy of "socialization of the countryside". Due to economic problems across Mozambique, the government signed an agreement with the World Bank and IMF in 1987, which forced it to completely abandon the policy of socialism. The war only ended in 1992 with the Acordos Gerais de Paz, signed in Rome on 4 October by the President, Joaquim Chissano and RENAMO President, Afonso Dhlakama, after about two years of conversations.

CONCLUSION
It is impossible to wipe out civil wars, because is impossible to satisfy everyone. But it can greatly reduce the chances of civil war in all states of the world if all states have a democratic system and comply with all that is written in the constitution of each republic.