Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CH 08
CH 08
CH 08
8-1
Analyze why information systems need special protection from destruction, error, and abuse. Assess the business value of security and control. Design an organizational framework for security and control. Evaluate the most important tools and technologies for safeguarding information resources.
8-2
Definitions Security: the policies, procedures and technical measures used to prevent unauthorized access, alteration, threat or physical damage to information systems Controls: methods to ensure the safety of assets, reliability of records and adherence to standards
The architecture of a Web-based application typically includes a Web client, a server, and corporate information systems linked to databases. Each of these components presents security challenges and vulnerabilities. Floods, fires, power failures, and other electrical problems can cause disruptions at any point in the network.
Figure 8-1
2009 Pearson Education Canada
8-5
Internet vulnerabilities
Vulnerable to outside attacks Abuses can have widespread impact E-mail increases system vulnerability
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Continued
2009 Pearson Education Canada
8-8
Malicious Software Programs (Malware) (continued) Worms: Programs that copy themselves from one computer to another over networks Can destroy data, programs, and halt operation of computer networks
Continued
2009 Pearson Education Canada
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Spoofing
masquerading as someone else, or redirecting a Web link to an unintended address
Sniffing
an eavesdropping program that monitors information travelling over a network
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Identity theft
A crime in which the imposter obtains key pieces of personal information
Phishing
Setting up fake Web sites or sending email messages that look legitimate, and using them to ask for confidential data Continued
2009 Pearson Education Canada
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Inadequate security and control may create serious legal liability Businesses must protect not only their own information assets but also those of customers, employees, and business partners. Failure to do so can lead to costly litigation for data exposure or theft A sound security and control framework that protects business information assets can thus produce a high return on investment
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Risk Assessment
Determine level of risk to the firm in the case of improper controls
Security policy
Chief Security Officer (CSO) Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Authorization Policies Authorization Management systems
2009 Pearson Education Canada
8-20
Ensuring business continuity Fault-tolerant computer systems High-availability computing Recovery-oriented computing Disaster recovery planning and business continuity planning Security outsourcing The role of auditing
8-22
Access controls: Consist of all the policies and procedures a company uses to prevent improper access to systems by unauthorized insiders and outsiders Authentication: ability to know that a person is who she or he claims to be
Passwords, tokens, biometric authentication
Firewalls: Hardware and software controlling flow of incoming and outgoing network traffic
Packet Filtering examines selected fields in the headers of data packets flowing back and forth from network and the Internet Stateful inspection provides additional security by determining whether packets are part of an ongoing dialogue between a sender and receiver
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Encryption
Encryption
Coding and scrambling of messages to prevent unauthorized access to, or understanding of, the data being transmitted
Encryption (continued)
A public key encryption system can be viewed as a series of public and private keys that lock data when they are transmitted and unlock the data when they are received. The sender locates the recipients public key in a directory and uses it to encrypt a message. The message is sent in encrypted form over the Internet or a private network. When the encrypted message arrives, the recipient uses his or her private key to decrypt the data and read the message.
Figure 8-7
2009 Pearson Education Canada
8-31
Solution Guidelines: Security and control must become a more visible and explicit priority and area of information systems investment Support and commitment from top management is required to show that security is indeed a corporate priority and vital to all aspects of the business Security and control should be the responsibility of everyone in the organization