STANDARD AIRCRAFT | HANDBOOK Boao AND TECHNICIANS | LARRY REITHMAIERLibrary of Congress Cataloging-n-Publication Data Standard aircraft handbosk for micchanies al technicians / edited by wry Reimar Ath Pom Inctles inde ISBN 0.07 1384360 1FAlrplanes—Maintenance aol repait-Handhwoks, anual, ee 2. Aimpanes—Design and comsinaction Handbooks, maa 4, Reithmaier.L. W.cLaserence Wa dat TLnMLANSHA 1900) 2012 ak? “oP, McGraw-Hill {Dire of The MeGnaw HL Compares CCopsright © 1999, 1991, 1986, 1980, 198K, 1952 hy The MeGiraw-Hlil Companies, Jig. Alrights eeerved. Printed i the Lined Sates Amerie Except permite tundr the United States Coppright Act 1976, no pat dis publication vay be reduced ordistrihited in amy emo Ry any means. of sored i data ase Treval stem, witht the prior wnten permission ofthe pulser 1S pociDOe 99 ISBN Hr -124R300 ‘The sponsoring editor for this ok was Shelly Inge Car, the eng supervisor vxse Andrew Veer. andthe paxluction supervisor was Pamela A. Pelton. H wa st in Tames Reman by Lisa M. Mello thrash he sercioe ot Bary E- Brisas ‘roker- Baiting. Desi an Pridcton Printed and bound hy R, R. Donley & Sons Company MeGraw-Hil hooks are availabe at special quantity disci pve a8 premiums and sales promotions, or for ve in erperate raining programs. For oe informs hon please write the Director of Special Sale, Mei Hil, Profesional Pa ishing, Ta Pea Pla, New York, NV 10121-2298, Or contact yout al bok Information contained i tis work has been obtained by The McGraw: Hil Companies Ine MeGrow-Hill rom sourves lieve be reliable How | ever: nether McGraw-Hill nor as athrs guarantee the sciaey oe em Pleteness of any information pblished herein ana neither MeCs- Hill mor "hors sal he cesposible for any eros. omisions, or damages acing faivof nse oF this information. This works publishes withthe understanding ht MeGraw Hl and its thors are supplying ifvemation Put ate ‘empins to render engineering or other peessional services. H such services ofan appropiate pfessional snd he oust Contents Acknowledgments Preface Introduction Fuselage Structure Location Numbering Systems Wing Structure Empennage or Tail Assembly Tools and Their Proper Use Salety Considerations General-Purpose Hand Tools Metal-Cutting Tools Layout and Measuring Tools ‘Taps and Dies ‘Shop Equipment Materials and Fabricating Aluminum and Aluminum loys Characteristics of Aluminum Alloys Handling Alueinum Forming Aluminum Alloys Blanking Bending Press-Brake Forming Stretch Forming Hydro Press Forming Roll Forming. Flexible-Die Forming Machining Drilling Turret Lathes and Screw Machines Milling Routing Forging Casting Chemical Milling Making Straigh ine Bends vill ix “ 20 25 n 33Standard Aircraft Handbook Making Layouts ‘Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys ‘Taanium and Titanium Alloys Working with Titanium Feerous Aircraft Metals Drilling and Countersinking Rivet Hole Preparation Drilling Operations Countersinking having Flush Head Fasteners Reamers Riveting Solid-Shank Rivets Riveting Practice Hand Riveting Rivet Squeezers Rivet Removal Blind Rivets Pin Hi Shear Rivets Bolts and Threaded Fasteners Aireraf Bolts Close-Tolerance Bolts Classification of Threads Aircraft Nuts Aircraft Washers Installation of Nuts and Bolts outer Pin Saterying Installation: Boits, Washers, Nuts. and Cotter Pins Miscellaneous Threaded Fasteners Daus Fasteners Hi-Lok and Hi-Lok/Hi-Tigue Fasteners Installation of Hi-Lok and Hi-Lok’Hi-Tique Fasteners Aireraft Plumbing Fluid Lines Flevible Hose Plumbing Connections Control Cables Cable Assembly Turnbuckles Cable Tension Adjustment 6 65 6 1 ci W 8 8k 95 108 na ns uy ns. 13s 137 13s he Ba ny 136 ut ISL 152 153 156 155 ot 169 169 m0 174 Iso 185 ss 1x9 192 10 in Contents, Electrical Wiring and Installation Material Solection “Terminals Wire Groups and Bundles Bonding and Cirourd Aireraft Drawings Omhograpihic Projection Working Drawings Title Block Other Dats Sectvnal Views The Lines on 9 Drawing Rivet Symbols Used on Drawings (Bloeprints) Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) or Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) Visa Inspection NDT Beyond Visual Ealdy-Current (ET) NDT Magneto-Optic Eddy-Cament Imaging Corrosion Detection and Control ‘Types of Corrosion Direet Chemical Attack Electrochemical Attack Effects of Corrosion Corrosion Control Inspection Requirements Nondestructive Inspection (SDI Visual Inspection Other NDI Methods Corrosion- Removal Techniques Surface Damage hy Comms Standard Parts Standard Parts Mentiication Standard Parts Mlasrations Additional Standard Pants Patented Appendix Glossary Index 195 195 198 2s dor 2 2 22 214 2 24 nS ns