Final revision (Unit (3

Complete: 1Acquired traits are not transmitted from one generation to another. 2The scientist Mendel is the founder of heredity, he used seeds of pea plant, because its flowers are hermaphrodite and thus it can self-pollinate. 3The trait that appears in all individuals of the first generation in Mendel's experiments is dominant trait. 4The ability to roll the tongue is one of the dominant traits, while the straight hair is from the recessive traits. Choose the correct answer: 1The trait is always pure. a) Acquired. b) hereditary. c) dominant. d) recessive. 2The result of pollination between two pea plants, one with hybrid yellow seeds and the other with pure green seeds . a) 100% green seeds b) 100% yellow seeds. c) 50% green seeds and 50%yellow seeds. 3a) 4a) Which of the following traits is dominant in human being? Smooth hair. b) blue coloured eyes. c) attached ear lobe. Which one of these traits is recessive in humans? straight hair. b) wide eyes. c) free ear lobe. d) absence of freckles.

d) curly hair.

Write the scientific term: 1The traits ready to be transmitted from one generation to another. 234The traits that are not transmitted from one generation to another. The branch of science that aims to explain how different traits transfer through generations. The trait that appears in all individuals of the first generation in Mendel's experiments.

5The appearance of hereditary trait in the individuals of the first generation when two individuals are crossed, one of them carries a pure trait contrasting the trait carried by the other individual. 678Through which the hereditary traits are transmitted from parents to offspring. The individual who carries a contrasting pair of genes, one is dominant and the other is recessive. The hereditary factors which transmit traits from parents to offspring.

:() Put () or 1The acquired traits are transmitted from one generation to another. 2The recessive trait is the trait that appears in tall individuals of the first generation in Mendel's experiments. 3In the first law of Mendel, the two contrasting traits appear in the second generation by a ratio of 2 :1 4If the result of crossing between two individuals is 50% dominant and 50% recessive this means that the parents are dominant. Give reasons for: 1Learn to walk in children is not considered a genetic trait.
Because it can't be transmitted from one generation to another.

2-

The skill of playing basketball isn't hereditary trait.

Because it can't be transmitted from one generation to another.

3Because:

Mendel selected the pea plant to conduct his experiments.

1 - It is easy to plant the pea plant and it grows fast. 2 - The life cycle of the pea plant is short. 3 - The flowers of the pea plants are hermaphrodite, and thus it can self pollinate. 4 - It can easily be artificially pollinated (human intervention). 5- Pea plant produces large numbers of plants in a generation. 6 - There are several types of peas that have pairs of contrasting traits that can be identified easily. 456Mendel removed the stamens from the flowers of the plants. Mendel covered the stigmas of pistils of pea flowers during studying the hereditary traits. Mendel let the pea plant self pollinate for several generations.
To insure that the plant doesn't self pollinate.

In order not to cross pollinate from other flowers.

To be sure of the purity of the trait.

7When a pure yellow pod pea plant is pollinated with a pure green pod pea plant, they produce plants that all are with green pods.
Because the gene of green pod trait dominates over the gene of yellow pod trait (in the pea plant) when they exist together.

8When you pollinate a pure tall stemed pea plant with a short stemed pea plant, they produce plants all are tall stems.
Because the gene of tall stem trait dominates over the gene of short stem trait (in the pea plant) when they exist together.

9-

The curly hair trait dominates the smooth hair trait.

Because the gene of curly hair trait dominates over the gene of smooth hair trait when they exist together.

10-

The ability of rolling the tongue is dominant trait in the human being.

Because the gene of the ability to roll the tongue appears its influence over the gene of the non ability to roll the tongue when they exist together in an individual.

11-

The free ear lobe is dominant over the attached ear lobe.

Because the gene of free ear lobe appears its influence over the gene of attached ear lobe if they are both present together in an individual.

Problems: 1Tall plant LL

Short plant ll

plant .. .

2-

plant .. plant .. . . Yellow hybrid seeds Cc x

plant .. plant .. . . Yellow hybrid seeds Cc

3- Using symbols express the results of mating between a short stemed pea plant (tt) and a long stemed pea plant (TT). 4- in pea plant, what are the results of self pollination of tall hybrid plant, by using the symbols (T,t) showing (parents gametes offspring). 5- When a pea plant that has tall stem is crossed with a pea plant that has short stem, this crossing produced individuals with the ratio of 50% tall : 50% short. What is the genetic structure of parents and producing individuals (use "T" for tall and "t" for short). 6-if a black mouse BB is crossed to a brown female mouse (bb). Mention the colours and the ratios of resulting offspring in the first and second generation. 7-Explain on genetic principles the genetic composition of the individuals resulting from crossing a pea plant with short stem (tt) and hybrid red flowers with another one hybrid tall stem and white flowers. The tall stem is symbolized by (T) The red colour of flower is symbolized by (R).