The Mathematics Student Vol. 80, Nos. 14, (2011), pp.

123129

ISSN: 0025-5742

ON LORENTZIAN PARA-SASAKIAN MANIFOLDS

DHRUWA NARAIN, SUNIL KUMAR YADAV AND SUDHIR KUMAR DUBEY

(Received : 28-01-2010; Revised : 17-02-2011)

Abstract: The paper is devoted to the development of specic properties of curvature tensors, square length of the Ricci tensor if the manifold satises the codazzi type Ricci tensor then it is R-harmonic manifold as well as Ricci - symmetric.

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Let (M n , g), n 3 be a C connected semi-Riemannian manifold and be its Levi-Civita connection, the Riemannian curvature R, the Concircular curvature tensor C, the conharmonic curvature tensor L, the Projective curvature tensor P and the Conformal curvature tensor C of (M n , g) are dened by ([1],[2]) R(X, Y )Z = X Y Z Y X Z [X,Y ] Z

1. Introduction

C(X, Y )Z = R(X, Y )Z

g(X, Z)QY + g(Y, Z)QX] (1.3) 1 P (X, Y )Z = R(X, Y )Z [g(Y, Z)QX g(X, Z)QY ] (1.4) (n 1) 1 C(X, Y )Z = R(X, Y )Z [S(Y, Z)X S(X, Z)Y + g(Y, Z)QX (n 2) r g(X, Z)QY ] + [g(Y, Z)X g(X, Z)Y ] (1.5) (n 1)(n 2)
2000 Mathematics Subject Classication. 53C15, 53C25 and 53C05. Key words and phrases: -concirculrly at, -conhormonically at, cyclic Ricci tensor, Ricci tensor of codazzi type, R-hormonic manifold. c Indian Mathematical Society, 2011.

r [g(Y, Z)X g(X, Z)Y ] n(n 1) 1 L(X, Y )Z = R(X, Y )Z [S(Y, Z)X S(X, Z)Y (n 2)

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(1.1) (1.2)

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respectively, where Q is the Ricci operator dened by S(X, Y ) = g(QX, Y ), S is the Ricci tensor, r = tr Q is the scalar curvature and X, Y , Z (M ), (M ) being the Lie-algebra of the vector elds of (M n , g). In (1989) Matsumota [3] introduced the notion of an LP-Sasakian manifold. In [4] the authors dened the same notion independently and obtained many results. In section 2, we dened LP-Sasakian manifold and review some formulas and in section 3, the main results of this paper have been obtained. 2. Preliminaries

() = 1 2 (X) = X + (X)

= 0, rank() = n 1, (X) = 0

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g(X, ) = (X)

g(X, Y ) = g(X, Y ) + (X)(Y )

s
(2.4) (2.5) (2.6) (2.8)

Then M n admits a Lorntzian metric g, such that

and M n is said to admit a Lorentzian almost para-contact structure (, , , g). In this case we have

(X, Y ) = g(X, Y ) = g(X, Y ) = (Y, X)

where is the covariant dierentiation with respect to the Lorentzian metric g makes a time like unit vector eld, that is g(, ) = 1. The manifold M n equipped with Lorentzian almost para-contact metric structure (, , , g) is said to be a Lorentzian almost para-contact metric manifold [3]. A Lorentzian almost para-contact metric manifold M n , equipped with the structure (, , , g) is called Lorentzian para-contact metric manifold [3], if 1 (X, Y ) = [(X )Y + (Y )X] (2.7) 2 A Lorentzian almost para-contact metric manifold M n , equipped with the structure (, , , g) is called LP-Sasakian manifold [3], if X )(Y ) = g(X, Y ) + (Y )2 X

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Let M n be n-dimensional dierentiable manifold with (, , )-structure, where is a (1, 1) tensor eld, is a vector eld, and is a 1-form on M n , such that (2.1)

(2.2)

(2.3)

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In an LP-Sasakian manifold the 1-form is closed, also in [3] it is proved that if a n-dimensional (M n , g) admits a time like unit vector eld such that 1-form associated to is closed then X Y )Z = g(X, Y )(Z) + g(X, Z)(Y ) + 2(X)(Y )(Z)
n

(2.9)

Further, on such LP-Sasakian manifold (M , g), the following relations hold R(X, Y ) = (Y )X (X)Y R(X, ) = X (X) S(X, Y ) = S(X, Y ) + (n 1)(X)(Y ) S(X, ) = (n 1)(X) (2.10) (2.11) (2.12) (2.13)

for any vector elds X, Y , where a, b are functions on M n ([1],[2]). In particular if b = 0 then -Eisntein reduces to Einstein manifold. Further, since is a killing vector, S and r remain constant under it. Then S = 0 and r = 0, where denotes Lie-derivative.

3. Main Results

Denition 3.1. A dierentiable manifold (M n , g), n 3 is said to be concircularly at, if C(X, Y ) = 0. Theorem 3.2. Let (M n , g), n 3 be an LP-Sasakian manifold M n is concicularly at if and only if the scalar curvature r = n(n 1). Proof. For -Concircularly at LP-Sasakian manifold M n , we have from (1.1) r R(X, Y ) = [g(Y, )X g(X, )Y ] (3.1) n(n 1) 1 r n(n 1) (Y )X + 1 + r n(n 1) (X)Y = 0

using (2.5), (2.10) in (3.1), we get

puttingY = , yields r = n(n 1). Conversely, if r = n(n 1), putting Z = in (1.2) and using (2.10), we get C(X, Y ) = 0. That is the manifold is -concircularly at. This complete the proof of theorem (3.2). Denition 3.3. A dierentiable manifold (M n , g), n 3 is said to be conhormonically at, if L(X, Y ) = 0.

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An LP-Sasakian manifold (M n , g) is said to be -Einstein if its Ricci tensor S is of the form S(X, Y ) = ag(X, Y ) + b(X)(Y ) (2.14)

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Theorem 3.4. Let (M n , g), n 3 be a -conhormonically at LP-Sasakian manifold. Then the manifold (M n , g) is an -Einstein manifold. Proof. For -conhormonically at LP-Sasakian manifold, from (1.3), we have R(X, Y ) = 1 [S(Y, )X S(X, )Y g(X, )QY + g(Y, )QX] , (3.2) (n 2) QX = 1 n2 X+ n n2 (X)

using (2.10),(2.12) and (2.5) in (3.2), we have

Corollary 3.5. In a -conhormonically at LP-Sasakian manifold M n , n 3 the scalar curvature vanishes.

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(X S)(ei , ei ) = X r

Proof. Let -conhormonically at LP-Sasakian manifold satisfying the cyclic Ricci tensor condition, then we obtain (X S)(Y, Z) + (Y S)(Z, X) + (Z S)(X, Y ) = 0

Theorem 3.6. If -conhormonically at LP-Sasakian manifold M n , n 3 satisfying the cyclic Ricci tensor condition, then the manifold is a space form or manifold of constant curvature.

putting Y = Z = ei in equation(3.3) and taking summation over i, 1 i 3, we get (X S)(ei , ei ) + 2(ei S)(ei , X) = 0 (3.4) Now (X S)(ei , ei ) = X S(ei , ei ) 2S(X ei , ei ) where r = {ei } is an orthonormal basis, we have X ei = 0, then Since S(X, Y ) = g(QX, Y ) then
i

(Z S)(X, Y ) = g((Z Q)X, Y ) putting Y = Z = ei and taking summation over i, 1 i 3, we get 1 (ei S)(X, ei ) = dr(X) (3.6) 2 using (3.5), 3.6) in (3.4), we get r is constant. This complete the proof of theorem (3.6). From (2.14), we get

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That is manifold M n is an -Einstein manifold. 1 n where a = n2 , b = n2 This complete proof of the theorem (3.4).

(3.3)

S(ei , ei ) and (3.5)

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r = an b and s(, ) = b a

(3.7)

where r is the scalar curvature and Q be the symmetric enomorphism of tangent space at a point corresponding to the Ricci tensor S. Let l2 be the square length of the Ricci tensor, then from [5] l2 = S(Qei , ei ) (3.8)

where {ei }, i = 1, 2, ....., n be orthonormal basis of the tangent space at the point. From (2.14), we get S(Qei ei ) = ar + b(, ) using (3.7), (3.8) in (3.9), we get l= a2 n + b2 2ab

Again form (2.14), we get

This shows that (a b) is an eigen value of the Ricci tensor S and is an eigen vector corresponding to the value (a b). Suppose V be any vector eld orthogonal to , such that (V ) = 0 (3.10)

Also from (2.14), we get

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S(X, ) = (a b)(X)

S(X, V ) = ag(X, V ) + (X)(V )

Theorem 3.7. In a -Einstein LP-Sasakian manifold the length of the Ricci tensor S is given by a2 n + b2 2ab.

From (3.10) and (3.11), we get S(X, V ) = ag(X, V ) This shows that dierent an eigen value of the Ricci tensor S corresponding to the eigen vector V . Theorem 3.8. In a -Einstein LP-Sasakian manifold the Ricci tensor S has two distinct eigen values (a b) and a of which former is simple and latter is of multiplicity n 1.

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(3.9)

(3.11)

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4. An LP-Sasakian -Einstein Manifold with Codazzi type of Ricci tensor. Again from (2.14), we get (X S)(Y, Z) = b [(X )(Y )(Z) + (X )(Z)(Y )] By cyclic rotation of (3.12)and using (2.6, (2.7)), we get (X S)(Y, Z) + (Y S)(Z, X) + (Z S)(X, Y ) = b {[(X )Y + (Y )X] (Z) [(X )Z + (Z )X] (Y ) + [(Y )Z + (Z )Y ] (X)} (X S)(Y, Z) + (Y S)(Z, X) + (Z S)(X, Y ) = 0 (3.13) (3.12)

This show that an LP-Sasakian -Einstein manifold has Cyclic Ricci tensor. Suppose that manifold has Ricci tensor of Codazzi type [8], that is (X S)(Y, Z) = (Y S)(X, Z) then from (3.2), we get (X S)(Y, Z) = 0 i.e. S = 0.

Corollary 4.2. If -Einstein LP-Sasakian manifold has Ricci tensor of Codazzi type, then manifold is R-hormonic, i.e. (divR)(X, Y, Z) = 0 References

[1] Yano, K. and Kon, M., Structure on manifolds, series in pure Math, 13, world sci, 1984. [2] Yano, K. and Sasaki, S., Riemannian manifolds admitting a conformal transformation group, J. Di. Geom. 2(1968), 161-169. [3] Mastumoto, K., On Lorentzian para contact manifolds, Bull of Yamagata Univ. Nat. Sci, 12(2) (1989), 151-156. [4] Mihai, and Rosca, R., On Lorentzian P-Sasakian manifolds, Classical Analysis, World Scientic Publ Singapur (1992), 155-169. [5] De, U. C. and Biswas, S., On k-Contact -Einstein manifold, Bull. Math Soci., Se Math, Raumanie, Tome 48(96) No.3, (2005), 295-301. [6] Sasaki, S., Lecture note on almost contact manifolds part 1, Tohoku University (1965). [7] Mukhopadhyay, S. and Barua, B., On a type of Non-at Riemannian manifold, Tensor, 56(1995), 227-232.

DHRUWA NARAIN DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS, D.D.U.GORAKHPUR UNIVERSITY, GORAKHPUR - (UP), INDIA. E-mail address: profdndubey@yahoo.co.in

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Theorem 4.1. If -Einstein LP-Sasakian manifold has Ricci tensor of Codazzi type, then manifold is Ricci symmetric.

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SUNIL KUMAR YADAV DEPARTMENT OF APLIED SCIENCE, FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS A.I.E.T.COLLEGE, ALWAR - 301030, RAJASTHAN, INDIA E-mail address: sunilaietalwar@gmail.com SUDHIR KUMAR DUBEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, AL-1, SEC-7, GIDA, GORAKHPUR - (UP), INDIA.

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