COMMUNICATION ANTENNA SWITCHING SYSTEM BASED ON MICRO CONTROLLER Description:

Content-addressable memory (CAM) is a special type of computer Memory used in certain very high speed searching applications. It is also known as associative memory, associative storage, or associative array. Content-addressable memory (CAM) is frequently used in applications, such as lookup tables, databases, associative computing, and networking, that require high-speed searches due to its ability to improve application performance by using parallel comparison to reduce search time. Although the use of parallel comparison results in reduced search time, it also significantly increases power consumption. In this paper, we propose a Block-XOR approach to improve the efficiency of low power precomputation- based CAM (PB-CAM). Compared with the ones-count PB-CAM system, the experimental results show that our proposed approach can achieve on average 30% in power reduction and 32% in power performance reduction. The major contribution of this paper is that it presents practical proofs to verify that our proposed Block-XOR PBCAM system can achieve greater power reduction without the need for a special CAM cell design. This implies that our approach is more flexible and adaptive for general designs

INTRODUCTION:

Testing and simulation are important in the system behavior. The main objective of the simulation is to verify whether the design meets the specification. On many occasion the specification itself must be tested to determine if it meets the requirements. In a large project it is often necessary to test the whole system or of it before any design can take place. This testing allows the designers to learn about system and make necessary design decisions. The main aim of the project is to monitor the reception of the desired antenna signal at the receivers using a software program which links these devices through a switching network. The antenna multi-coupler block is built up with control card (comprising of watchdog timer, 8751 controller, RS232 interface and keyboard & display), a driver module, front-end circuit (consisting of amplifier, power Combiner, SPDT) and a switching circuit (consisting of power dividers) By this, the desired antenna signal is obtained from one of the four antennas at all receivers enabling many users to operate on same signal simultaneously.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION:

The objective our project work is to make available the user, required signal either by means of front panel keys or by remote control operations. The antenna switching unit helps us to achieve this objective. Antenna switching unit is an intelligent micro controller equipment that can be controlled by using front panel keys or remotely. And operates between the frequency range of 20-1000MHZ.it provides optimum coupling between the three different V/UHF antenna inputs and a BITE (Built in Test Equipment) source input to nine input, U/VHF receivers. The signals from all three antenna inputs or BITE source can be routed to all of the nine outputs. Selection of antenna or BITE can be done either by front panel switches or by remote operations.

The inputs if the antenna switching units are:

1. Directional antenna. 2. Two-OMNI directional antennas. 3. Built in Test Equipment. The outputs of the antenna switching unit are 9 Receivers. Sub-systems of Antenna Switching Unit: The unit contains three functional blocks and one power supply assembly They are:

Front End Circuit.

2. Switching Circuit and Driver Module. 3. Control Card. 4. AC Power supply module.

SUB SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:

FRONT END CIRCUIT:

It has four inputs and two outputs. The inputs of this module are connected to rear panel RF inputs of the unit. Out of four inputs one is Directional antenna signals of frequency range 20-1000MHZ respectively. Fourth is BITE source signal of frequency range 20-1000MHZ. The three antenna input signals are applied via SPDT switches to respective filters in antenna connection mode signals pass through these switches and are filtered. The output of 20MHZ HPF is amplified and then given to one of the ports of switching circuit modules. The output of 20100MHZ BPF and 100MHZ HPF are combined, amplified and given to one of the ports of SPDT switch. The other input to the SPDT is the BITE signal. The switch decides BITE or OMNI antenna selection. The switch output is amplified and given to remaining input of switching circuit module.

SWITCHING CIRCUIT:

This circuit has two inputs and nine outputs. The signals that are fed to the outputs are subjected to power division 1-9 separately. The divided signals are taken to output ports through SP2T switches. Each SP2T is given the divided signals of both inputs. These switches decide the selection of one of the two signals that are fed through the module. The selection of the input signal depends on the control signals generated by the micro controller and driver module. Each output port has independent selection facility. Outputs of switches are connected to the rear panel RF output connections. Signal can be isolated from undesired signal from the port

and by at least 20db.

CONTROL CARD:

The control card uses 87C51micro controller and generates all necessary controls for unit operation. For RS232C interface it follows SAMIP protocol. The protocol provides checksum error checking and ACK/NACK handshake. The message received from remote interface is compared with valid message codes and if it matches with the library codes, then it is processed. The TTL outputs are then connected to the input of the switching circuit. The control card performs the following functions. 1. Power ON self-test to check hard ware functionality. 2. Accepts commands from front panel switches/remote interface. 3 .Front panel LED status indication of antenna selection. 4. Resets the processor through a watch dog timer if the processor hangs due to software error.

DRIVER MODULE:

The function of this module is to drive RF switches of the front end and switching circuit. It consists of SWD119 and quad drivers that are specially designed for driving RF switches. These drivers take TTL signals as input and generate negative logic signals as outputs. For logic LOW input, two outputs -5v and 0v are generated and vice versa for logic HIGH. A SPDT RF switch needs one such complimentary pair controls. These are then applied to front end and switching circuits.

AC-DC POWER SUPPLY MODULE:

The function of this module is to segment all necessary DC voltages required for operating different modules of the unit. The input supply can be anything between 90-130 or 200-260 AC 50 HZ. The module is factory set to 230-V AC line filter removes main horn interface. The 9 pin connector of the module is connected to the front panel switch of the unit to switch ON/OFF the AC input of the module. The DC outputs of the module are taken through 25 pins D connector of module.

FEATURES:

1. Extended Automotive Temperature 2. Range (b40C to a125C Ambient) 3. High Performance CHMOS Process

4. Power Control Modes 5. 4Kbytes On-Chip ROM/EPROM 6. 128 x 8-bit RAM 7. 32 Programmable I/O Lines 8. Two 16-Bit Timer/Counters 9. 5 Interrupt Sources 10. Quick-Pulse EPROM Programming 11. 2-Level Program Memory Lock EPROM 12. Boolean Processor 13. Programmable Serial Port 14. TTL- and CMOS-Compatible Logic Levels 15. 64K External Program Memory Space 16. 64K External Data Memory Space 17. IDLE and POWER DOWN Modes 18. ONCE Mode Facilitates System Testing 19. Available in 12 MHz and 16 MHz Versions 20. Available in PLCC and DIP Packages