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Flexural Analysis and Design of Beams
Flexural Analysis and Design of Beams
Francisco Aguiga
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Stress distributions
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Composite beams
Satisfy Mint = M, and P = 0
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Composite beams
dF = dA = (E1)dzdy dF = dA = (E2)ndzdy Equating dF and dF n = E1/E2 The force in material 1 is dF = dA = dA dzdy = ndzdy = n
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fc =
2M kjbd 2
=
b
As bd
(kd )2
2
nAs (d kd ) = 0
M = Tjd = As f s jd
fs = M As jd
k=
(n )2 + 2 n n
kd 3
f C = c bkd 2
jd = d
T = As f s
j = 1
k 3
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Design aids
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Example 3.2
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Example 3.3
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Example 3.4
Solve the same beam using the rectangular stress block
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Compression-controlled failure
When c = 0.003, s < y = 0.002, So = 0.65
Transition-controlled failure
When c = 0.003, y < s < 0.005 So = A1 + B1t
A1 = 0.00325 0.9 y 0.005 y
B1 =
0.25 0.005 y
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Compression-controlled failure
When c = 0.003, s < y So = 0.65 bal max
Transition-controlled failure
When c = 0.003 We have y < s < 0.005 So = A1 + B1t
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13
bal =
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For t = 0.004, c/dt = 3/7 And cmax = 3/7 dt So amax = 1cmax = 3/71dt So max = 0.364 1 fc/fy (dt/d)
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14
c 0.003 = d t 0.003 + t
For t = 0.005, c/dt = 3/8 And cmax = 3/8 dt So amax = 1cmax = 3/81dt So max = 0.319 1 fc/fy (dt/d)
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Example - analysis
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Example - analysis
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Design example 1
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Design example 1
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Design example 1
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Design example 1
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Design example 2
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Design example 2
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T-beams
Effective flange width beams with slab on both sides (ACI 8.10)
beff < span of beam Eff. overhang width on each side < 8 hf and clear distance to next web
Effective flange width beams with slab on one side only (ACI 8.10)
Effective overhang width less than
1/12 span of beam 6 hf and clear distance to next web
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T-beams
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T-beams
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T-beams
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T-beams
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