Database Concepts

Database -- An organized collection of logically related data. Data -- Facts, text, graphic, images, sound and video segments that have meaning in users environment. Rohit Gandhi Tushar Solanki Shipra Singh 3564345 6754567 3467809 35 87 76

Information Data that have been processed in such a way as to increase the knowledge of the person who uses the data. Place data in context Summarize data Class Roster Course: MBA Finance Section: FN2 Name Rohit Gandhi Tushar Solanki Shipra Singh ID 3564345 6754567 3467809 Score 35 87 76 Session: Spring/Summer07

Importance of DBMS

It helps make data management more efficient and effective. Its query language allows quick answers to ad hoc queries. It provides end users better access to more and better-managed data. It promotes an integrated view of organizations operations -- big picture. It reduces the probability of inconsistent data.

Basic File Terminology

Data Raw facts and figures Field A character or group of characters that have a special meaning Record A logically connected set of one or more fields that describe a person place or a thing File A collection of related records

Client Server Databases

Hierarchical Structure Early mainframe DBMS packages used the hierarchical structure

Relationships between records form a hierarchy or treelike structure Records are dependent and arranged in multilevel structures, - one root record and any number of subordinate levels Relationships among the records are one-to-many each data element is related only to one element above it Data element or record at the highest level of the hierarchy is called the root element

Moving progressively downward from the root and along the branches of the tree until the desired record is located can access any data element Network Structure

Can represent more complex logical relationships, and is still used by many mainframe DBMS packages Allows many-to-many relationships among records. The network model can access a data element by following one of several paths - any data element or record can be related to any number of other data elements Relational Structure most popular database structure Used by most microcomputer many minicomputer & mainframe systems Data elements are stored in the form of simple tables. Tables are related if they contain common fields can link data elements from various tables to provide information to users Multi dimension Structure

variation of the relational model - uses multidimensional structures to store data and relationships between data they are a compact and easy-to-understand way to visualize and manipulate data elements that have many interrelationships. most popular database structure for the analytical databases that support online analytical processing (OLAP) applications Object-Oriented Structure

one of the key technologies of a new generation of multimedia web-based applications data values describing the attributes of an entity plus the operations that can be performed upon the data this encapsulation capability allows the object-oriented model to better handle more complex types of data (graphics, voice, text) than other database structures Object-Oriented Structure

Supports inheritance- new objects can be automatically created by replicating some or all of the characteristics of one or more parent objects popular in computer-aided design (CAD) applications

Designers can develop product designs, store them as objects in an object-oriented database, and replicate and modify them to create new product designs

Centralised Database