Group 2 / BSED- 2102= BADMINTON History of Badminton

The history of badminton can be traced back many to the games of battledore and shuttlecock which were played in ancient Greece over 2000 years ago. The game we all know as badminton began in the 19th century (1870) and was named by the Duke of Beaufort after Badminton House in Gloucestershire. The International Badminton Federation now has its base in Gloucestershire. In England there had long been a children's game known as "battledore and shuttlecock". Players used a Paddle , called a battledore, to keep a cork stuffed with feathers, called a shuttlecock, in the air for as long as possible. This game had been popular since medieval times. The modern version had migrated somehow to India and then back again. England played the same badminton rules as India until 1887. The Bath Badminton Club standardized the rules and regulations, making the game more inclined towards the English ideas of how the game should be played. The Badminton Association of England published the first set of rules in line with the new regulations in 1893 and officially launched the game of Badminton. The All England Open Badminton Championships began in 1899 and were the world's first badminton competition In 1934 the International Badminton Federation (IBF), which now known as the Badminton World Federation, was established.England, France, Canada, Denmark, Netherlands, New Zealand, Ireland, Scotland and Wales were the first members. In 1936 India joined as an affiliate. Globally the Badminton World Federation (BWF) governs and promotes the sport. The history of badminton in the United States began with the first Badminton club, the Badminton Club of New York, founded in 1878. The game flourished in the 1930s when places such as the YMCA and educational institutions began offering badminton instruction. Badminton became a popular pastime for many Hollywood stars including James Cagney, Bette Davis, Ginger Rogers and Douglas Fairbanks, which also helped to promote the sport in the 1930s. The different badminton groups throughout the United States got together to standardize the rules and regulations of the game in 1936. 1937 saw the first ABA championships and a year later it became a member of the International Badminton Federation. The United States singles player, David Freeman, won the All England World Championships in 1949, while the All England World Championship doubles were won the same year by the American players Clinton and Patsy Sevens, although the All-England Championships were considered the unofficial world championships until 1977. Between 1949 and 1967 the United States won 23 world championships and much acclaimed success in world rankings. Although the history of badminton originated in England this international sport has been largely dominated by Asian countries and Denmark over the last few decades. Countries including South Korea, Malaysia, China and Indonesia have all produced world class players. China is currently the strongest badminton country, winning many major championships consistently over the last few years.

Badminton
A racquet sport played indoors on a court by two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs of players (doubles), in which shuttlecock is volleyed over a net. It is a game played by volleying a shuttlecock (called a "bird")-a small, cork hemisphere to which feathers are attached-over a net. Light, gut-strung rackets are used. Badminton, which is generally similar to tennis, is played by two or four persons. A badminton court for singles play measures 17 ft (5.18 m) by 44 ft (13.40 m) and for doubles 20 ft (6.10 m) by 44 ft (13.40 m).

The net is 5 ft (1.52 m) high at the center and 5 ft 1 in. (1.55 m) at the posts. The game probably originated in India (where it was called poona), although it may have been known earlier in China. It was popular in the 1870s in England, taking its name from Badminton, the Gloucestershire estate of the duke of Beaufort. The game was introduced into the United States in the 1890s and grew in popularity in the 1930s. The International Badminton Association (founded 1934) sponsors the Thomas Cup for men's teams and the Woer Cup for women's teams, the world championships of badminton. Badminton has been an official Olympic sport since 1992.

Other related terms

badminton - a game played on a court with light long-handled rackets used to volley a shuttlecock over a net court game - an athletic game played on a court Battledore and shuttlecock, battledore - an ancient racket game singles - badminton played with one person on each side doubles - badminton played with two players on each side undercut, cut - (sports) a stroke that puts reverse spin on the ball; "cuts do not bother a good tennis player" forehand, forehand shot, forehand stroke - (sports) a return made with the palm of the hand facing the direction of the stroke (as in tennis or badminton or squash) forehand drive - (sports) hard straight return made on the forehand side (as in tennis or badminton or squash) serve, service - (sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play; "his powerful serves won the game" fault - (sports) a serve that is illegal (e.g., that lands outside the prescribed area); "he served too many double faults" rally, exchange - (sports) an unbroken sequence of several successive strokes; "after a short rally Connors won the point" badminton court - the court on which badminton is played badminton equipment - equipment for playing the game of badminton badmintonracket,badminton racquet, battledore - a light long-handled racket used by badminton players

Rules in the game Badminton

Toss Coin A badminton match comprises the best of three games. A coin is tossed before the first game, and the winner of the toss may serve first or pick an end of the court. Only the serving side can score. In Classic scoring format, the winning team needs 15 points in doubles and men's singles, or 11 in women's singles. In the new Rally Point scoring format that just recently adopted and used for major tournaments, the winning team needs 21 points to win the match. Rally A rally is won when a shuttle is hit over the net and onto the floor of the opponent's court.A rally is lost if the shuttle is hit into the net, or over the net but outside of the opponent's court. A rally is also lost if the shuttle touches the player's clothing or body, or if it is hit before it crosses over the net. Serving The service courts are slightly different for singles and doubles. A shuttle on the line is "in". The server and receiver stand in the diagonally opposite service courts (always right hand at the start of the game) but therefore players may move anywhere on their side of the net. The server must obey laws designed to force underhand delivery of the serve, and the receiver must stand still until the service is struck. Scoring Matches comprise of the best of three games. Each game starts at 0-0 (traditionally called "love-all"). Classic scoring Format

If the serving side wins a rally, it scores a point, and serves again but from the alternate service court. If the receiving side wins the rally, the score remains unchanged and the service passes to the next player in turn. In singles, this is the opponent: in double it's either the partner or, if both players have just had a turn of serving, one of the opponents.

In men's singles and doubles events, 15 points wins a game. However, if the score reaches 14-14, the side which first reached 14 can choose either to play to 15, or to set the game to 17 points. The final score will reflect the sum of the points won before setting plus the points gained in setting. Scoring in women's singles is slightly different. 11 points wins a game and there is the option to set to 13 points at 10-10. And Finally... Players change ends at the end of a game and when the leading score reaches 8 in a game of 15 points (or 6 in a game of 11 points) in the third game. A five minute interval is allowed prior to any third game.

The

rules

of

badminton

consider

the

following

as faults:

- If the shuttle lands outside the boundaries of the court, passes through or under the net, fail to pass the net, touches the ceiling or side walls, touches the person or dress of a player or touches any other object or person. - If the initial point of contact with the shuttle is not on the striker's side of the net. (The striker may, however, follow the shuttle over the net with the racket in the course of a stroke.) - If a player touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress, invades an opponent's court over the net with racket or person except as permitted. -If a player invades an opponent's court under the net with racket or person such that an opponent is obstructed or distracted or obstructs an opponent, that is prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke where the shuttle is followed over the net. - If a player deliberately distracts an opponent by any action such as shouting or making gestures. - If the shuttle is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke. - If the shuttle is hit twice in succession by the same player with two strokes. - If the shuttle is hit by a player and the player's partner successively or touches a player's racket and continues towards the back of that player's court. - If a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences under Law of Continuous Play, Misconduct, Penalties. - If, on service, the shuttle is caught on the net and remains suspended on top, or, on service, after passing over the net is caught in the net. 'Let' is called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is no umpire), to halt play. A 'let' may be given for any unforeseen or accidental occurrence. The rules of badminton consider the following as 'lets': - If a shuttle is caught in the net and remains suspended on top or, after passing over the net, is caught in the net, it shall be a 'let' except on service. - If, during service, the receiver and server are both faulted at the same time, it shall be a 'let'. - If the server serves before the receiver is ready, it shall be a 'let'. -If, during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates from the rest of the shuttle, is shall be a 'let'. - If a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision, it shall be a 'let'. - A 'let' may occur following a service court error. When a 'let' occurs, the play since the last service shall not count and the player who served shall serve again, except where in situations where the Law of Service Court Errors is applicable.

Equipments and Materials

Racquets

Badminton racquets are lightweight, with top quality racquets weighing between 70 and 95 grams (2.4 to 3.3 ounces) not including grip or strings. They are composed of many different materials ranging from carbon fibre composite (graphite reinforced plastic) to solid steel, which may be augmented by a variety of materials. A badminton racquet is lightweight and has a round head. The racquet is flat, and the strings are crossed in a uniform pattern all over the head, with no variation. The racquet cannot be longer than 680mm, and the width of the head should be 230mm or less. The length of the head should be 290mm or less. Racquets are made from lightweight materials, and they vary in price considerably.

Shuttlecock A shuttlecock can be made from natural or synthetic material, or a mixture of the two. There are around 14 feathers which span out from the rounded base, which was originally made of leathercovered cork. The feathers are all the same length, and must be between 64mm and 70mm. The diameter of the feather tips is 58mm to 68mm wide. The shuttlecock weighs approximately 5g much lighter than a tennis ball and, subsequently, potentially capable of travelling at a higher speed when hit. Synthetic shuttles are often used by recreational players to reduce their costs as feathered shuttles break easily. These nylon shuttles may be constructed with either natural cork or synthetic foam base, and a plastic skirt. Shuttlecocks come in three speeds - slow, medium and fast. Plastic shuttlecocks are cheaper than those made of natural fibres, and are ideal for those new to the sport

Shoes

Badminton shoes are lightweight with soles of rubber or similar high-grip,non-marking materials. Players should also ensure that they learn safe and proper footwork, with the knee and foot in alignment on all lunges. This is more than just a safety concern: proper footwork is also critical in Compared to running shoes, badminton shoes have little lateral support. High levels of lateral support are useful for activities where lateral motion is undesirable and unexpected. Badminton, however, requires powerful lateral movements. A highly built-up lateral support will not be able to protect the foot in badminton; instead, it will encourage catastrophic collapse at the point where the shoe's support fails, and the player's ankles are not ready for the sudden loading, which can cause sprains. order to move effectively around the court. The choice of grip allows a player to increase the thickness of his racquet handle and choose a comfortable surface to hold. A player may build up the handle with one or several grips before applying the final layer. There are two main types of grip: replacement grips and overgrips. Replacement grips are thicker, and are often used to increase the size of the handle. Overgrips are thinner (less than 1 mm), and are often used as the final layer. Many players, however, prefer to use replacement grips as the final layer.

Strings

Badminton strings are thin, high performing strings in the range of about 0.62 to 0.73 mm thickness. Thicker strings are more durable, but many players prefer the feel of thinner strings. String tension is normally in the range of 80 to 160 N (18 to 36 lbf). Recreational players generally string at lower tensions than professionals, typically between 80 and 110 N (18 and 25 lbf). Professionals string between about 110 and 160 N (25 and 36 lbf). Some string manufacturers measure the thickness of their strings under tension so they are actually thicker then than specified when slack.

The Court A badminton court is rectangular, with clearly marked white or yellow lines dividing it into different sections. These different lines show where a long service and short service should be taken, and there are also side lines and a centre line from one end of the court to the other. On each side-line is a pole, 1.55m in height, which holds the net taught across the centre of the court. The net itself is made of dark mesh, clearly visible to the players. White tape runs across the top of the net, which stands in the centre at 1.524m from the ground, and 1.55m from the ground at each pole. Skills Needed To play recreational badminton you only need a few basic skills--a forehand, a backhand and a serve. At the professional level, there are several variations and ways to hit these shots. The pros even have a repertoire of trick shots during match play. However, at the recreational level, you do need to be able to start a point with a serve, hitting the shuttle, or "birdie" over the net and into the proper area of the opponent's court. Being able to maintain a rally of hitting the shuttle back and forth over the net with either a forehand stroke or a backhand stroke until a point is awarded is necessary. This serve is used more in doubles play. The high serve is hit with a lot of force, high over the net so that it falls downward and vertically in the back of the opponent's service court. This serve is used more in singles play. Basic Stokes One of the most important fundamental strokes to learn is the clear. This shot can be hit with either the forehand or backhand. The underhand clear is used to return a low shuttle. The overhead clear is probably used more than any other stroke in badminton. With this stroke, the shuttle travels high and deep and keeps your opponent in the back of the court. Being able to hit a smash shot is also useful. This is when you hit the shuttle in a downward direction over the net in an attempt to end the point quickly. Rules for Serving According to the Badminton World Federation (BWF), a server must start the serve standing behind the baseline and some part of both feet must be in contact with the court until the racket hits the shuttle. The delivery of the serve must be an underhand stoke, and the shuttle and racket head must be below the server's waist at contact. The serve can be hit with a forehand or a backhand. Only one attempt of a serve is allowed. The serve is hit diagonally cross-court from right to left when the server's score is even and from left to right when the server's score is odd. If the receiver loses the point, the server continues to serve. If the receiver wins the point, he becomes the new server. The shuttle cannot touch the net on the serve. If the shuttle lands on the line during play, it is considered to be in bounds. The shuttle is not allowed to touch the ceiling or walls if playing indoors. During play, once the shuttle touches the court within the lines, if is no longer in play and a point is awarded to the player who just hit it Scoring Typically, a badminton match is the best of two-out-of-three games and played until one side has won 21 points. A game that is tied at 20 continues to play until one side has scored two consecutive points. If the score is tied at 29, only one more point will be played to determine which side wins the game. Unlike tennis, a point is scored on every serve. Basic StrokesOne of the most important fundamental strokes to learn is the clear. This shot can be hit with either the forehand or backhand. The underhand clear is used to return a low shuttle. The overhead clear is probably used more than any other stroke in badminton.

With this stroke, the shuttle travels high and deep and keeps your opponent in the back of the court. Being able to hit a smash shot is also useful. This is when you hit the shuttle in a downward direction over the net in an attempt to end the point quickly. Rules for Serving According to the Badminton World Federation (BWF), a server must start the serve standing behind the baseline and some part of both feet must be in contact with the court until the racket hits the shuttle. The delivery of the serve must be an underhand stoke, and the shuttle and racket head must be below the server's waist at contact. The serve can be hit with a forehand or a backhand. Only one attempt of a serve is allowed. The serve is hit diagonally cross-court from right to left when the server's score is even and from left to right when the server's score is odd. If the receiver loses the point, the server continues to serve. If the receiver wins the point, he becomes the new server. The shuttle cannot touch the net on the serve. Rules of Play During match play, at no time can a player break the plane of the net to hit the shuttle. The rules state that no part of the player's racket, body or clothing can touch the net during a point. If the shuttle lands on the line during play, it is considered to be in bounds. If the shuttle lands on the line during play, it is considered to be in bounds. The shuttle is not allowed to touch the ceiling or walls if playing indoors. During play, once the shuttle touches the court within the lines, if is no longer in play and a point is awarded to the player who just hit it Typically, a badminton match is the best of two-out-of-three games and played until one side has won 21 points. A game that is tied at 20 continues to play until one side has scored two consecutive points. If the score is tied at 29, only one more point will be played to determine which side wins the game. Unlike tennis, a point is scored on every serve.

Eight Basic Badminton Techniques 1. Badminton Grip The right grip is your basic foundation for badminton. For more power and accuracy, make sure you are holding the racket correctly. There are 2 main types of grips: forehand and backhand. Use the forehand grip when your shots are in the front of your body, and you hold your hand on the handle as if you where shaking hands. Keep the racket face perpendicular to the floor. When the shot is behind your body, you should use the backhand racket grip. Hold the handle just like you did for the forehand, but then turn the racket counter-clockwise so your thumb is to the left. 2. Badminton Footwork Your opponent will try to keep the shuttle away from you, so be prepared to move around the court quickly and accurate with good footwork. You'll need moves like skipping, shuffling, gliding, lunging and even bouncing. It's up to you how to use them during your game. Always keep your knees slightly bent and ready to move at all times. Generally stay in the mid-court area so you can reach all corners of the court quickly. 3. Serving You can even gain points with the right serve. There are 4 basic kinds of badminton serve: high serve, low serve, flick serve, and the drive serve. You can choose the right serve after watching your opponent. Serving to the back of the court with a high serve is a good idea if you are playing against someone who likes to stay close to the net, for example. 4. Clears The badminton clear is the most common stroke, and it can be played from either forehand or backhand, as well as overhead or underarm. Regardless of exactly how you use the clear, the objective is to send the shuttle to the back of the court, forcing your opponent back away from the net to open up the forecourt. 5. Drop Shots The drop shot is the opposite of the above mentioned clear shot, as it is intended to drop right behind the net and force your opponent closer into the forecourt. This can open up space in the backcourt for your next play. This move can be played either forehand or backhand, and usually has a lot of wrist movement to it.

6. The Smash The badminton smash is a powerful move that you should strive to master. It's a downward shot that comes down steeply into your opponents fore or mid court area. For a faster smash, you can jump and make the shot as you some down. Your opponent will have little time to react, almost guaranteeing you the point. Don't overuse the smash because it will tire you out. You usually use a forehand grip when doing a smash. 7. The Drive If the ball is too low for a smash, you can use a drive instead. The drive shot moves horizontally, rather than arching upward. The shuttle would just skim the top of the net, moving either diagonally across the court or straight from your position. You're trying to get the shuttle behind your opponent, making it difficult for them to return with a good shot. 8. Badminton Net Play Net play shots are usually done with just a wrist movement, and lack the power of most other techniques. The intent is to gently knock the shuttle over the net, usually when your opponent can't reach the net in time to counter. Any light shot near the net is hard to return, especially if you get the shuttle tumbling. Countries that are popular in Badminton Badminton is popular in Sri Lanka, India, Australia, and Turkey, China, USA, Denmark, United Kingdom and Canada also Malaysia and Indonesia are big on it Most popular badminton player in their country 1) Lin Dan China- Lin Dan- (Chinese: pinyin: Ln Dn ; born October 14, 1983 in Longyan, Fujian) is a badminton player from China. By the age of 27, Lin completed the "Super Grand Slam", having won all major titles in world badminton: Olympic Games, World Championships, World Cup, Thomas Cup, Sudirman Cup, All England Open, Asian Games, and Asia Championships, becoming the first and only player to achieve this feat. He has been nicknamed "Super Dan" by his fans. 2) Lee Chong Wei Malaysia- This is a Chinese name; the family name is Lee .Lee Chong Wei Personal information Birth name Born October 21, 1982 (age 28, is a professional badminton player from Malaysia who resides in Bukit Mertajam. Lee won the silver medal in the 2008 Olympic Games, thus becoming the first Malaysian to reach the final of the men's singles event and ending Malaysia's Olympic medal drought since the 1996 Games. This achievement also earned him the title Datuk, and a description by Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak as a national hero. 3) Taufik Hidayat Indonesia - Taufik Hidayat (born August 10, 1981 in Bandung, West Java) is an Indonesian badminton player. He is a former World and Olympic champion in men's singles. Hidayat won the men's singles competition in badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics. In August 2005, he won the men's singles competition at the IBF World Championships. 4) Amparo "weena" Lim Philippines- 1st Filipina badminton player to achieve the first ever international badminton title for the Philippines (Asian Prince Junior Tournaments in Hong Kong, 1985) -1st Filipina to win all badminton matches at the Asian Prince Junior Tournaments in Hong Kong (1985 5)Park Joo-bong Korea -is a former badminton player from South Korea who excelled from the early 1980s through the mid 1990s. He is the most successful player ever in the World Badminton Championships with 5 titles, 2 of them in men's doubles and 3 in mixed doubles. He also won gold and a silver medal at the Summer Olympics and 9 All England Open Badminton Championships titles.