Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Satyam Scandal: Case Study Analysis
Satyam Scandal: Case Study Analysis
SATYAM SCANDAL
Prepared By :
- ANISH GARG
SATYAM SCANDAL
I NDEX
S . NO 1. 2.
P AG E 2 3
3.
4. 5. 6. 7.
6 10 11 12
SATYAM SCANDAL
2. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project Report titled Satyam Scandal submitted by : Name ANISH GARG 11 Roll No
Date: _____________
SATYAM SCANDAL
GOTA REPORT Page 2
SATYAM SCANDAL
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This project involved the collection and analysis of information from a wide variety of sources and the efforts of many people beyond me. Thus it would not have been possible to achieve the results reported in this document without their help, support and encouragement. I will like to express my gratitude to the following people for their help in the work leading to this report:
Prof: VAREEN RAY: for their useful comments on the subject matter and for the knowledge I gained by sharing ideas with them.
SATYAM SCANDAL
3.BACKGROUND OF SATYAM Satyam Computer Services Limited(hereinafter referred to as SCSL or the Company) is an information technology (IT) services provider that uses a global infrastructure to deliver value-added services to its customers, to address IT needs in specific industries and to facilitate electronic business, oR ebusiness initiatives. The Company was incorporated on June 24, 1987 in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. The Company offers a comprehensive range of IT services, including IT enabled services, application development and maintenance, consulting and enterprise business solutions, extended engineering solutions and infrastructure management services. SCSL has established a diversified base of corporate customers in a wide range of industries including insurance, banking and financial services , manufacturing, telecommunications , transportation and engineering services
SATYAM SCANDAL
Aerospace and Defence Banking, Financial Services & Insurance Energy and Utilities Life Sciences & Healthcare Manufacturing, Chemicals & Automotive Public Services & Education Retail Consumer Packaged Goods Travel, Transport, Logistics Telecom, Infrastructure, Media and Entertainment & Semiconductors
SATYAM SCANDAL
SATYAM SCANDAL
SATYAM SCANDAL
Satyam Computer Services and shed it when required. For example, in year 2000 Satyam Computer merged with a related company, Satyam Enterprises. Rajus cousin, C. Srinivasa Raju, who held 800,000 shares, or 19 per cent, in Satyam Enterprises, was reportedly allotted an equivalent number in Satyam Computer, leading to criticism that relative prices did not justify the 1:1 swap. But the original promoters share held by the Raju family and their subsequent acquisitions were not for keeping. Though the precise numbers quoted vary, according to observers the stake of the promoters fell sharply after 2001 when they held 25.60 percent of equity in the company. This fell to 22.26 per cent by the end of March, 2002, 20.74 per cent in 2003, 17.35 per cent in 2004, 15.67 per cent in 2005, 14.02 per cent in 2006, 8.79 in 2007, 8.65 at the end of September 2008, and 5.13 per cent in January 2009 (Business Line, January 3, 2009). The most recent decline is attributed to the decision of lenders from whom the family had borrowed to sell the shares that were pledged with them. But the earlier declines must have been the result either of sale of shares by promoters or of sale of new shares to investors. According to audited balance sheet figures (if they are to be trusted) available from the CMIEs database, the paid-up equity in Satyam Computer Services rose from Rs. 56.24 crore in March 2000 to just Rs. 64.89 crore by March 2006 and further to Rs. 133.44 crore in March 2007. Overall, the number of shares held by the promoter group fell from 7.16 crore (22.8 per cent) to 5.8 crore (8.6 per cent) between September 2001 and September 2008. This points to a conscious decision by the promoters to sell shares, which may have been used to acquire assets elsewhere. The more inflated the share values, the more of such assets could be acquired. It is quite possible that the assets built up by the eight other Raju family companies under scrutiny, including Maytas Properties and Maytas Infra, partly came from the resources generated through these sales. If true, this makes Rajus confession suspect, since he stated that neither myself, nor the Managing Director (including our spouses) sold any shares in the last eight years excepting for a small proportion declared and sold for philanthropic purposes. This may not have been the only way in which resources were transferred out of Satyam Computer Services into other arms of the expanding Raju family empire. Money could have been siphoned out through opaque transactions with beneficiaries who were paid sums not warranted by their business profile. Satyams business strategy did involve unusual transactions. One example was the acquisition in 1999 by group company Satyam Infoway, which was the largest private Internet Services Provider in the country at that time, of IndiaWorld Communications, for a sum of $115 million. The
GOTA REPORT Page 8
SATYAM SCANDAL
acquired company operated popular portals such as samachar.com and khel.com that had no clear revenue model, and was the principal beneficiary just as in the AOL deal. According to reports, the owner of IndiaWorld was himself charged with intellectual property violations by his erstwhile employer IndiaWorld.com, an Internet services company managed by U.S.-based ASAP Solutions Inc. Satyam Infoways position was that it was aware of the claim being made by ASAP Solutions, but that its interest was not in IndiaWorld.com but was limited to the URL indiaworld.co.in and the other portals under its banner, for which it had of course paid a huge sum. There is reason to suspect that this acquisition delivered little to the company, raising questions about the motivation. Mr. Rajus confession is also suspect for another reason, which has been widely discussed in the media. Even if he and his colleagues were inflating revenues and profits, the actual revenue earning capacity of the company, as confessed by him, seems to be extremely low. He claims that the huge difference between actual and reported profits in the second quarter of 2008-09 was because the ratio of operating margins to revenues was just 3 per cent rather than the reported 24 per cent. But even if Satyam Computer Services was cooking its books, it was engaged in activities similar to that undertaken by other similarly placed IT or ITeS companies and it too had a fair share of Fortune 500 companies on its client list. It is known that many of these companies have been showing operating margins that are closer to the 24 per cent reported by Satyam than the 3 per cent revealed in Mr. Rajus confession. Thus in financial year ending March 2008, the ratio of profits before tax of Infosys was 32.3 percent of its total income, that of TCS 23.1 percent, of Satyam 27.8 percent, and that of Wipro 19.2 percent. This suggests that either Mr. Raju is exaggerating the hole in his balance sheet or there is some other, more complex, and more disturbing explanation. But whatever it is, the difference between 24 per cent and 3 per cent seems too large to be the industry standard. Despite indicators of these kinds, which could raise suspicion, Satyam Computer Services remained a leading player with substantial investor support for many years.The promoters continued to hold control over the company despite the small share inequity they held and built an empire with land assets and contracts for executing prestigious infrastructural projects. And despite its award-winning reputation for corporate governance, its impeccable board with high-profile independent directors, and its appointment of big-four member PwC as its auditor, this still mysterious accounting fraud occurred. The full truth, it appears, is not yet out.
GOTA REPORT Page 9
SATYAM SCANDAL
5.
REFRENCE
1.H.S.RUSTAGI AND CO. {CHARTERED ACCOUNTAN TS} 2. SHAREHOLDER OF SA TYAM MRS.NALEENA RUSTAGI
SATYAM SCANDAL
6. ANNEXURES
SATYAM SCANDAL
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
MSN .India
www.livemint.com/.../Satyam-case-goes-to-Frauds-Off.html
www.businessworld.in/index.php/.../Satyam-Case-Goes.html
wwW.searchindia.com/.../satyam-computer-screwed-in-forgery-case