Tit 1 : ON TAP AU NAM I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: On tap c s ly thuyet hoa hoc ve nguyen t, lien

ket hoa hoc, nh luat tuan hoan, BTH, phan ng oxy hoa kh, toc o P va can bang HH. 2) K nang: - Van dung cac phng phap e giai cac bai toan ve ngt, LBT, BTH, lien ket hoa hoc -Lap PTHH cua phan ng oxy hoa kh bang P2 thang bang electron. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Chuan b phieu hoc tap ve cau hoi va bai tap, BTH cac nguyen to. 2> Hs: on lai kien thc c ban cua ct ho hoc lp 10. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Hoat ong theo nhom, tranh luan gia cac nhom. Hng dan hs t on tap. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2. Bai mi ve on tap au nam: Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: He thong lai cac kien thc c ban trong tam cua chng trnh hoa lp 10 ve: C s ly thuyet hoa hoc, giup hs thuan li khi tiep thu kien thc HH lp 11. Hs: T on tap e nh lai kien thc va van dung tong hp kien thc thong qua viec giai bai tap. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Cho hs van dung ly thuyet e giai bt ve ngt, BTH, LTH. Bai 1: Cho cac ngto A,B,C co so hieu ngt lan lt la 11,12,13. a. Viet cau hnh e cua ngt. b. Xac nh v tr cua cac ngto o trong BTH. c. Cho biet ten ngto va k hieu hh cua cac ngto. d. Viet CT oxt cao nhat cua cac ngto o. e. Sap xep cac ngto o theo chieu tnh kim loai dan va cac oxt theo chieu tnh baz giam dan. Hs: Thao luan theo nhom, c ai dien len trnh bay. Gv: Nhan xet va s sai neu co. Noi dung ghi bang A/ Cac kien thc can on tap: -Ve c s ly thuyet hoa hoc. -Cau tao ngt. BTH cac ngto hoa hoc va LTH. Lien ket hoa hoc -Phan ng hoa hoc -Toc o p va can bang hh. B/ Bai tap ap dung: 1.Van dung ly thuyet ve ngt lTH, BTH. Bai 1: a. Viet cau hnh e - (Z = 11): 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 - (Z = 12): 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 - (Z = 13): 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 b. Xac nh v tr : BTH - Stt 11: Chu k 3: Nhom IA - Stt 12: Chu k 3. IIA - Stt 13: Chu k 3 IIIA c. Na, Mg, Al d. Na2O, MgO, Al2O3 e. Sap xep cac ngto theo chieu -Tnh kim loai : Al < Mg < Na -Cac oxt: Na2O > MgO > Al2O3 2. Van dung lien ket hoa hoc:

Hoat ong 3: Gv: Cho hs van dung lien ket hoa hoc e giai bai tap 2. a. So sanh lien ket ion va lk CHT b. Trong cac chat sau ay, chat nao co lk ion, chat nao co lk cht NaCl, HCl, H2O, Cl2. c. CTE, CTCT. Hs: Thao luan theo nhom va a ra li giai. Gv: Nhan xet va sa sai neu co.

Hoat ong 4: Gv: Cho hs van dung ly thuyet p hoa hoc e hoan thanh pthh bang p2 thang bang e. Bai 3: Can bang PTHH: xac nh chat oxi hoa, chat kh. a. KMnO4 + HClKCl + MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2 b. Na2SO3 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 H2O+Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 d.Cr2O3 + KNO3 + KOH KNO2+ K2CrO4 + H2O.

Bai 2: a. So sanh Giong nhau: Cac ngt lien ket vi nhau tao pt e co cau hnh e ben cua kh hiem. -Khac: Lk CHT LK ION S dung chung e S cho va nhan e lk c hnh thanh do lc hut tnh ien gia cac ion mang t trai dau. b. Lk ion: NaCl LK CHT: HCl, H2O, Cl2 c. CTe: CTCT H: Cl H Cl Cl : Cl: Cl Cl H: O: H HOH 3/ Van dung phan ng hoa hoc: Bai 3:
+7 -1 +2 0

a. 2KMnO4+16HCl 2 MnCl2+ 5Cl2 + 2KCl + 8H2O Chat kh: HCl Chat oxy hoa: KMnO4
0 +5 +2 +4

b.2Cu+8HNO33Cu(NO3)2+2NO2+ 4H2O Chat kh: CuO Chat oxi hoa: HNO3

+4 +6 +6

c.3Na2SO3 + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4

+6 +6 +3

3Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 Hoat ong 5: +4H2O Gv: Cho hs van dung toc o P & CB Chat oxy hoa: K2Cr2O7 hoa hoc e giai. Chat kh: Na2SO3 Bai 4: Cho p xay ra trong bnh kh: +3 +5 +6 CaCO3 (r) CaO (r) + CO2(k) d. Cr2O3 + 3KNO3 + 4KOH 2K2CrO4 H = +178 KJ +3 a. Toa nhiet hay thu nhiet. b. Can bang chuyen dch ve pha +3KNO2 + 2H2O. Chat kh: Cr2O3 nao ? o Chat oxy hoa: KNO3 -Giam t cua p MT: KOH -Them kh CO2 vao bnh 4/ Van dung toc o p & -Tang dung tch cua bnh.

Hs: Suy ngh trong 5, roi trnh bay., Gv: Nhan xet va ket luan.

CBHH: Bai 4: a. Thu nhiet v H>O b. Theo ngly chuyen dch CB th - Chieu khi to giam - Chieu khi nen them kh CO2 vao bnh. - Chieu khi tang dt cua bnh.

TIET 2: ON TAP AU NAM (tt) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: - He thong hoa tnh chat vat ly, hoa hoc cac n chat va hp chat cua cac ngto trong nhom Halogen, oxi lu huynh. 2) K nang: -Giai 1 so dang bai tap c ban nh xac nh tp hon hp, xac nh ten ngto, bai tap ve chat kh -Van dung cac P2 cu the e giai nh lap hay P2 ai so, ap dung LBT khoi lng II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Chuan b phieu hoc tap ve cau hoi va bai tap e on tap 2> Hs: on lai kien thc ve halogen, oxi lu huynh. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Thao luan theo nhom cac phieu hoc tap Hng dan hs t on tap. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2. Bai on tap au nam tt: Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: A/ Cac kien thc can on Gv: He thong hoa cac kien tap. thc, lam ro quy luat phu thuoc -Tnh chat hoa hoc cua nhom gia t/c hoa hoc cua cac nhom halogen oxi, lu huynh. halogen. Oxi lu huynh vi cac -ac iem cau tao ngt, lien ac iem cau tao ngt, lien ket ket hoa hoc cua chung. hoa hoc. Hs: T on tap cac kien thc ma gv va neu, sau o van dung B/ Van dung giai bai tap: giai bai tap. 1/ Nhom halogen, oxi lu huynh. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap so 1: Van dung e on tap nhom Bai 1: ND so sanh Nhom Oxi-S halogen oxi lu huynh. halogen Bai 1: So sanh cac halogen, oxi, lu huynh ve ac iem cau tao Cac ngto HH. V tr trong BTH ngt, lk hoa hoc, tnh oxi hoa ac iem cua kh. cac n chat Hs: Thao luan theo nhom, c ai hp chat quan trong. dien len trnh bay. 2/ Giai bai tap hoa hoc bang p2: Gv: Nhan xet va bo sung

ap dung LBT khoi lng, ien tch. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap 2, ap Bai 2: dung lbt khoi lng, tch. ap an b Bai 2: Cho 20g hon hp Mg va Fe tac dung vi d2 HCl d, ta thay co 11,2 lt kh H2 (ktc) thoat ra, khoi lng muoi tao thanh sau p la bao nhieu g? a. 50g c. 6 b. 55,5g d. 60g Hs: Thao luan nhom, roi trnh bay. Gv: Nhan xet va sa sai neu co. -Cac PTHH: Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 -Theo (1) va (2) = 1/2 N = 11,2 = 0,5mol N H2 Cl 22,4 3/ Giai bang cach lap he pt ai m = m + m so. Cl Muoi Clorua = 20 + 2 x 0,5 x 35,5 = 55,5g Hoat ong 4: Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap so 3: Ap dung cho chat kh Bai 3: Mot hon hp kho O2 va SO2 co t khoi so vi H2 la 24 thanh phan % cua moi kh theo the tch lan lt la: a. 75% va 25% c. 50% va 50% b. 25% va 75% d. 35% va 65% Hs: Thao luan theo nhom, roi trnh bay. -at V1 va V2 lan lt la the tch cua O2 va SO2 va trong hon hp. -Theo bai: M hh kh = M1V1 + M2V2 = 3.2V1+64V2 V1 + V2 V1 + V2 = 24 x 2 = 48 (g/mol) => 32V2 + 64V2 = 48(V1 + V2) => 16V2 = 16V1 => % V1 = %V2 = 50% Gv: Nhan xet va a ra ket luan. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap so 4: Bai 4: Cho 31,84g hon hp 2 muoi Bai 3: Chon ap an b

4/ Giai bai toan ve nhom halogen. Bai 4: a/ Goi ct chung cua 2 muoi: NaX NaX + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgX -Theo ptp n =n
NaX AgX

=> 31,84 = 57,34 23 + X 108 + X => X = 83,13 -Do X, Y la 2 halogen 2 chu k lien tiep: X < 83,13 < Y

NaX, nay vi X,Y la 2 halogen chu k lien ket vao d2 AgNO3 d thu c 57,34g . a. Xac nh ten X,Y b. Tnh so mol moi muoi trong hon hp. Hs: Thao luan theo nhom, roi neu p2 giai. Gv: Hng dan cho hs t giai va s cho sai cho hs.

-Nen x la brom (80) ; Y la iot (127) b/ Goi x,y lan lt NaBr, NaI 103x + 150y = 31,84 x= 0,28 x + y = 31,84 = 0,3 => y = 0.02 23 + 83,13

CHNG I: S IEN LI
TIET 3: Bai 1: S IEN LI I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: - Hs biet: khai niem ve s ien li, chat ien li, chat ien li manh, chat ien li yeu. 2) K nang: - Hs quan sat, so sanh cac th nghiem, roi rut ra nhan xet. -Viet ung phng trnh ien li. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: ve San hnh 11(sgk) e mo ta tno hoac chuan b dung cu va hoa chat tno e bieu dien tno. 2> Hs: Xem lai hien tng dan ien a hoc chng trnh vat l lp 7. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Neu van e, am thoai dan dat theo he thong cau hoi IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2. Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: I/ Hien tng ien li: Gv: Lap he thong tn nh sgk va lam 1/ Th nghiem: sgk tn bieu dien. *Ket luan: Hs: Quan sat, nhan xet va rut ra -Dung dch muoi, axt, baz: dan ket luan. ien. -Cac chat ran khan: NaCl, NaOH. va 1 so d2 ru, ng: khong Hoat ong 2: dan ien. Gv: at van e: tai sao d2 nay co 2/ Nguyen nhan tnh dan ien chat dan ien ma d2 khac lai co cua cac d2 axt, baz, muoi chat ko dan ien. trong nc: Hs: Van dung kien thc dong ien -Cac muoi, axt, baz khi tan a hoc lp 9 va nguyen cu trong trong nc phan li ra cac ion sgk ve nguyen nhan tnh dan ien lam cho d2 cua chung dan cua cac d2 oxt, baz, muoi trong ien.

nc e tra li. Gv: Gii thieu kn: s ien li, chat ien li, bieu dien pt ien li. -Hng dan hs cach viet pt ien li cua NaCl, HCl, NaOH. Hs: Len viet pt ien li cua baz muoi. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Mo ta TN 2 cua 2 d2 HCl va CH3COOH sgk va cho hs nhan xet va rut ra ket luan. Hoat ong 4: Gv: at van e: Tai sao d2 HCl 0,1M dan ien manh hn d2 CH3COOH 0,1m? Hs: Nghien cu sgk e tra li: Nong o cac ion trong d2 HCl ln hn nong o cac ion trong d2 CH3COOH, ngha la so pt HCl phan li ra ion nhieu hn so pt CH3COOH phan li ra ion. Gv: Gi y e hs rut ra cac kn chat ien li manh. Gv: Khi cho cac tnh the nacl vao nc co hien tng g xay ra ? Hs: Viet pt bieu dien s ien li. Gv: Ket luan ve chat ien li gom cac chat nao. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Lay v du CH3COOH e phan tch, roi cho hs rut ra nh ngha ve chat ien li yeu. -Cung cap cho hs cach viet pt ien li cua chat ien li yeu. Gv: Yeu cau hs ac iem cua qua trnh thuan nghch va t o cho hs lien he vi qua trnh ien li.

-Qua trnh phan li cac chat trong H2O ra ion la s ien li. -Nhng chat tan trong H2O phan li thanh cac ion goi la chat ien li. -S ien li c bieu dien bang pt. ien li: NaCl Na+ + ClHCl H+ + ClNaOH Na+ + OH-. II/ Phan loai cac chat ien li: 1/ Th nghiem: sgk *Nhan xet: cung nong o th HCl phan li ra ion nhiet hn CH3COOH . 2/ Chat ien li manh va chat ien li yeu: a/ Chat ien li manh: -Kn la chat khi tan trong nc, cac phan t hoa tan eu phan li ra ion. -Phng trnh ien li NaCl: NaCl Na+ + Cl100 pt 100 ion Na+ va 100 ion Cl-Gom: Cac axt manh HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 Cac baz manh:NaOH,KOH, Ba(OH)2 Hau het cac muoi. b/ Chat ien li yeu: -KN la chat khi tan trong nc, ch co 1 phan so pt hoa tan phan li ra ion, phan con lai van ton tai di dang pt trong d2. -Pt ien li CH2COOH CH3COOH + H+ -Gom: Cac axt yeu: H2S , HClO, CH3COOH Baz yeu: Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)3. *Qua trnh phan li cua chat ien li yeu la qua trnh ong, tuan theo ngl Ltlie.

3/ Cung co bai va dan do: Gv: S dung bai tap 3 sgk/7 e cung co bai . Dan do:Ve nha lam cac bai tap 4,5 sgk trang 7. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 4: BAI 2: AXT, BAZ VA MUOI. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: - Hs biet : nh ngha axt, baz, hiroxt lng tnh muoi theo thuyet A-Re-Ni-Ut. 2) K nang: Viet pt ien li cua 1 so axt, baz, hiroxt lng tnh & muoi. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: Th nghiem chng minh Zn(OH)2 co tnh chat lng tnh. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Neu van e, nen hs viet pt ien li cua cac chat. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2. Kiem tra bai cu: 3. Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Cho hs nhac lai cac khai niem ve axt a hoc cac lp di va cho vd. Gv: Cac axt la nhng chat ien li. Hay : -Viet pt ien li cua cac axt HCl, CH3COOH. -Nhan xet ve cac ion do axt phan li? Hs: Len bang viet, roi rut ra nhan Noi dung ghi bang I/ Axt 1/ nh ngha: (theo A-Re Ni UT) -Axt la chat kh tan trong nc phan li ra cation H+. Vd: HCl H+ + ClCH3COOH CH3COO + H+.

2/ Axt nhieu nac :

xet. Gv: Ket luan: Axt la chat khi tan trong nc phan li ra ion H+. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Da vao pt ien li hs viet tren bang cho hs nhan xet ve so ion ht c phan li ra t moi pt axt. Gv: Phan tch cach viet pt ien li 2 nac cua H2SO4 va 3 nac cua H3PO4. Gv: Dan dat hs hnh thanh kn axt 1 nac va axt nhieu nac. Hs: Neu KN axt. Gv: Lu y cho hs: oi vi axt manh va baz manh nhieu nac th ch co nac th nhat ien li hoan toan. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Cho hs nhac lai cac kn ve baz a hoc lp di. Gv: Baz la nhng chat ien li. -Hay viet pt ien li cua NaOH, KOH. -Nhan xet ve cac ion do baz phan li ra Hs: Neu kn ve baz.

-Axt ma 1 pt ch phan li 1 nac ra ion H+ la axt 1 nac. Vd: HCl, CH3COOH , HNO3 -Axt ma 1 pt phan li nhieu nac ra ion H+ la axt nhieu nac. Vd: H2SO4, H3PO4 H2SO4 H+ + HPO4HPO4 - H+ + SO4 2H3PO4 H+ + H2PO4H2PO4- H+ + HPO4 2HPO4 2- H+ + PO4 3II/ Baz: -n (theo thuyet a-reniut) Baz la chat khi tan trong nc phan li ra anion OHVd: NaOH Na+ + OHKOH K+ + OH-

III/ Hiroxt lng tnh: *nh ngha: sgk Vd: Zn(OH)2 la hiroxt lng tnh Zn(OH)2 Zn 2+ + 2 OHZn(OH)2 ZnO2 2- + 2 HHoat ong 4: *ac tnh cua hiroxt lng Gv: Lam tn: Hs quan sat va nhan tnh. xet . -Thng -Cho d2 HCl vao ong n ng Zn(OH)2 gap:Al(OH)3,Cr(OH)3,Pb(OH)2 -cho d2 NaOH vao ong n ng Zn(OH)2. -t tan trong H2O Hs: Ca 2 ong n Zn(OH)2 eu tan vay -Lc axt va baz cua chung Zn(OH)2 va p vi axt va p vi eu yeu. baz. Gv: Ket luan:Zn(OH)2 la hiroxt lng tnh. Gv: at van e: tai sao Zn(OH)2 la hiroxt lng tnh? Gv: Giai thch: v Zn(OH)2. IV/ Muoi: -Phan li theo kieu axt 1/ nh ngha: sgk 2H+ + ZnO22Zn(OH)2 2/ Phan loai: -Muoi trung hoa: Trong pt ko -Phan li theo kieu baz 2+ 2con pli ion H+: NaCl. Na2SO4, Zn(OH)2 Zn + 2OH Gv: Lu y them ve ac tnh hiroxt Na2CO3 -Muoi axt : trong pt van con lng tnh. pli ion H+: NaHCO3, NaH2PO4 Hoat ong 5: Gv: Yeu cau hs cho biet muoi la g ? 3/ S ien li cua muoi trong nc. Va c chia lam may loai ?Vd? -Hau het muoi tan eu pli Hs: Nguyen cu sgk, roi tra li. Gv: Lu y cho hs: Nhng muoi c manh. coi la ko tan th thc te van tan 1 -Neu goc axt con cha H co

lng rat nho, phan nho o ien tnh axt th goc nay ply yeu ra li. H+. Vd: NaHSO3 Na+ + HSO3HSO3- H+ + SO3 2-. 4. Cung co bai va dan do: Gv: Cung co nhng kien thc trong tam -Bai tap ve nha: 4,5,6,7,8, sgk trang 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 5: S IEN LI CUA NC, PH CHAT CH THI AXT BAZ. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: anh gia o axt va o kiem cua cac d2 theo nong o H+ va PH mau cua 1 so chat ch th thong dung trong d2 cac PH khac nhau. 2) K nang: lam 1 so dang toan n gian co lien quan en [H+], [OH-], PH va xac nh moi trng axt, kiem hay trung tnh. 3) Thai o Tnh cam : Ap dung kien thc ve PH e xac nh tnh chat ve moi trng, t o co y thc bao ve va cai tao. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: -Gv: Tranh ve, -D2 axt HCl loang, d2 baz NaOH loang, Phenolphtalein, giay ch th PH. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Trc quan, gi m, van ap, ren k nang tnh. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Neu van e: Thc nghiem a xac nhan rang, nc la chat ien li rat yeu hay bieu dien qua trnh ien li cua nc theo thuyet a-re-ni-ut. Hs: theo thuyet A-Re-Ni-Ut: H2O H+ + OHNoi dung ghi bang I/ Nc la chat ien li rat yeu. 1/ S ien li cua nc -Nc la chat ien rat yeu. Pt ien li: H2O H+ + OH-

Hoat ong 2: Gv: Yeu cau hs viet bieu thc tnh hang so can bang cua H2O. Hs: K = [H+] [OH -] (3) [H2O] Gv: Trnh bay e hs hieu c do o ien li H2O rat yeu nen [H2O] trong (3) K la khong oi nen ta co: [H2O] = K + H2O = [H ]. [OH ] K - H2O la hang so can bang to xac nh goi tch so ion cua nc. - 25OC: K H2O = 10 -14 Gv gi y: Da vao hang so can bang va tch so ion cua nc. Hay tnh nong o ion H+ va OH. Hs: [H+] = [OH] = 10-7 M Gv KL : Nc la moi trng trung tnh nen moi trng trung tnh la moi trng co [H+]=[OH -]=10-7 M. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Ket hp giang va cung hs giai toan, hng dan cac em so sanh ket qua e rut ra ket luan, da vao ngl chuyen dch can bang. Gv: Tnh [H+] va [OH -] cua d2 HCl 10-3 M. Hs: Tnh toan cho KQ: [H+] =10-3 M [OH -]= 10-11 M. => [H+] > [OH -] hay [H+] >10-7 M. Gv: Tnh [H+] va [OH -] cua d2 NaOH 10-5 M. Hs: Tnh toan cho KQ:[H+] = 10-9 M, [OH -] = 10-5 M =>[H+] < [OH -] hay [H+] < 10-7 M. Gv tong ket : T cac vd tren: [H+] la ai lng anh gia o axt, o baz cua d2: MTTT: [H+] = 10-7 M; Mt baz : [H+] < 10-7 M; Mt axt : [H+] > 107 M. Hoat ong 4: Gv: Giang cho hs hieu tai sao can dung PH ? d2 c s dung nhieu thng co [H+] trong khoang 10 -1 10-14 M e anh gia o axt hay baz cua d2. e tranh ghi gia tr [H+] vi so mu am, ngi ta dung PH. Gv: Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk va cho biet PH la g ? Hs: [H+] = 10-PH M. Neu [H+] = 10-a M => PH = a.

2/ Tch so ion cua nc - 25OC, hang so K H2O goi la tch so ion cua nc. K H2O = [H+]. [OH -] = 10-14 =>[H+] = [OH -] = 10-7 -Nc la mt trung tnh, nen moi trng trung tnh la mt trong o. [H+] = [OH] = 10-7

3/ Y ngha tch so ion cua nc. a) Trong mt axt. -Vd: tnh [H+] va [OH -] cua dd HCl HCl H+ + Cl10-3 M 10-3 M + => [H ] = [HCl] = 10-3 M =>[OH-] = 10-14 = 10-11M 10-3 + => [H ] > [OH-] hay [H+] >10-7 M. b) Trong mt baz . -vd: tnh [H+] va [OH-] ca dd NaOH 10-5 M NaOH Na+ + OH10-5 M 10-5 M => [OH ] = [NaOH] = 10-5 M => [H+] = 10-14 = 10-9 M 10-5 =>[OH-] > [H+] *Vay [H+] la ai lng anh gia o axt, do baz cua dd. Mt trung tnh: [H+] = 10-7 M Mt baz : [H+] <10-7 M Mt axt: [H+] > 10-7 M II/ Khai niem ve PH chat ch th axt baz. 1/ Khai niem PH: [H+] = 10-PH M hay PH= -lg [H+] Neu [H+] = 10-a M th PH = a Vd: [H+] = 10-3 M => PH=3 mt axt

Gv: Giup hs nhan biet ve moi lien he [H+] = 10-11 M => PH = 11: mt gia PH va [H+] , khi a biet [H+] . baz Hs: Moi trng axt co PH>7 [H+]= 10-7 M => PH = 7:mt trung Baz co PH <7 tnh. Trung tnh co PH = 7. 2/ Chat ch th axt baz : Hoat ong 5: -La chat co mau bien oi Gv: Cho cac hs nhn vao bang 11 sgk, phu thuoc vao gia tr pH cho biet mau cua quy va cua dd. Phenolphtalein ( cac PH khac nhau) Vd: Quy tm, phenolphtalein thay oi the nao ? ch th van nang. Hs: Mau quy va Phenolphtlein trong d2 cac khoang PH giong nhau th mau giong nhau. Gv bo sung: Khi ta goi nhng chat nh quy, Phenolphtalein co mau bien oi phu thuoc vao gia tr PH cua d2 la chatg ch th A-B. Gv: Yeu cau hs dung chat ch th a hoc nhan biet cac chat trong 3 ong no ng d2 axt loang, H2O nguyen chat, d2 kiem loang. Gv: Hng dan hs nhung ph vao tng d2, roi em so sanh vi bang mau chuan e x PH. Gv bo sung them: e xac nh gia tr tng oi chnh xac cua PH, ngi ta dung may o PH. 4.Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co bai bang cau hoi. Em hay cho biet gia tr [H+] , gia tr la bao nhieu trong moi mt: axt , baz, muoi. Bai tap ve nha: 4,5,6 sgk trang 14. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 6: PHAN NG TRAO OI ION TRONG DUNG DCH CAC CHAT IEN LI.

I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs hieu ban chat va ieu kien xay ra cua phan ng trao oi ion trong dung dch cac chat ien li. 2) K nang: Hs viet ung phng trnh ion ay u va phng trnh ion rut gon cua phan ng. 3) Thai o tnh cam: Co y thc cai tao moi trng nh cac phan ng hoa hoc. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: -Chuan b dung cu va hoa chat e lam cac tno sau: NaCl, HCl, Na2SO4 ,BaCl2. -Bang tnh tan cua mot so chat trong nc. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Lam tno rut ra nhan xet, am thoai dan dat theo he thong cau hoi IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC:

1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: hoac hs lam TN: nho dung dch Na2SO4 vao coc ng d2 BaCl2. Gv: Yeu cau HS quan sat, ghi hien tng. -Viet PTHH di dang phan t. Hs: Thay trang BaSO4 xuat hien. Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2 NaCl. Gv: Hng dan hs dung phu luc tnh tan cua 1 so chat trong nc e tm ra chat de tan va phan li manh trong pthh. Gv bo sung: Chuyen cac chat de tan va phan li manh t CTPT thanh cac ion ma pt o pli ra. Gi nguyen di dang phan t chat ket tua. Gv: Yeu cau hs viet pt ion ay u. Hs :
+ 22+ +

Noi dung ghi bang I/ ieu kien xay ra phan ng trao oi ion trong dd cac chat ien li. 1/ Phan ng tao thanh chat ket tua: * TN: Dd Na2SO4 phan ng vi dd BaCl2 BaSO4 trang. Pt phan t: Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2 NaCl -Pt ion ay u:
+ 22+ +

2Na+SO4+Ba+2ClBaSO4+2Na+ 2Cl. - Pt ion rut gon:

2+ 2-

Ba + SO4 BaSO4

2Na + SO4 + Ba + 2Cl BaSO4 + 2Na + 2Cl. Gv: Loai bo cac ion ko p 2 ve pt, pt ion rut gon:
2+ 2-

Ba + SO4 BaSO4 Gv ket luan: Pt ion rut gon thc chat la p gia ion Ba 2+ va SO4 2tao ket tua BaSO4. Gv: Tng t cho d2 CuSO4 p vi d2 NaOH . -Yeu cau hs viet pt phan t, ion ay u, ion rut gon. -Rut ra ban chat cua p o. Hs: 2NaOH + CuSO4 Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4.
+ 22+ 2+

2Na +2OH +Cu +SO4Cu(OH)2 +2Na + SO4.

2+ -

Cu + 2OH Cu(OH)2 Hoat ong 2: Gv: Lam TN: d2 NaOH p vi d2 HCl.

2/ Phan ng tao thanh chat ien li yeu: a/ Tao thanh nc:

Gv: Yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng ? -Viet pt phan t, pt ion ay u, pt ion rut gon gia 2 d2 NaOH va HCl. Gv bo sung: Chuyen cac chat de tan, chat ien li manh thanh ion, gi nguyen chat ien li yeu la H2O. Hs: NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
+ + + -

* TN: Dd NaOH phan ng vi dd HCl H2O. Pt phan t: NaOH + HCl H2O + NaCl Pt ion ay u:
+ + + -

Na + OH + H + Cl H2O + Na + Cl Pt ion rut gon: H+ +OH- H2O .

Na + OH + H + Cl Na + Cl + H2O H+ + OH- H2O Gv ket luan: Ban chat vua phan ng do ion H+ va ion OH- ket h vi nhau tao H2O . Gv: Tng t cho dd mg (OH)2 p vi HCl. -Yeu cau hs viet pt phan t, ion ay u, ion rut gon. -Rut ra ban chat cua p o. Hs: Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl MgCl2 + 2H2O Mg(OH)2 + 2H+ + 2Cl- Mg2+ +2Cl- + 2 H2O Mg(OH)2 + 2 H+ Mg 2+ + 2 H2O . Gv ket luan: Phan ng gia dd axt va hiroxt co tnh baz rat de xay ra chat ien li yeu la H2O . 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co kien thc trong tam cua bai. Bai tap ve nha: 4,5 (a,b,g), 6,7 (a,b) sgk trang 20. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 7: PHAN NG TRAO OI ION TRONG DUNG DCH CAC CHAT IEN LI (tt). I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs hieu: Ban chat va ieu kien xay ra cua phan ng trao oi ion trong dd cac chat ien li.

2) K nang: Hs viet ung pt ion ay u va pt ion rut gon cac phan ng. -Hs van dung c cac ieu kien xay ra p theo trao oi ion trong dd cac chat ien li e lam ung bai tap l thuyet va thc nghiem. - Ban chat cua p/ xay ra lam thay oi thanh phan cua moi trng Tm hoa chat thch hp e co the thay oi t/c cua moi trng. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Dung cu va hoa chat cac dd: HCl, CH3COONa, Na2CO3, CaCO3. 2> Hs: on lai cach viet pt phan t, pt ion ay u, pt ion rut gon. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Lam tno roi rut ra nhan xet, dan dat hs cach viet cac pt. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv lam TN cho dd HCl vao p dd CH3COONa. -yeu cau hs quan sat, ghi hien tng. -viet pt phan t da vao t/c cac chat tham gia p. Hs: HCl+ CH3COONa CH3COOH + NaCl. Gv: Dung phu luc tnh tan cua 1 so chat trong nc. Hay viet pt ion ay u. Noi dung ghi bang

2/ Phan ng tao thanh chat ien li yeu a/ Phan ng tao thanh axt yeu: *TN: Cho dd HCl vao phan ng dd CH3COONa. - Pt Phan T: HCl + CH3COONa CH3COOH+ NaCl -Pt Ion ay u: H++Cl-+CH3COO+ + + +Na+CH3COOH+Na+ + ClHs: H + Cl +CH3COO +Na CH3COOH + Na -Pt Ion Rut Gon: + Cl. H+ + CH3COO- CH3COOH. Gv: Viet pt ion rut gon e the hien ban chat cua p. Hs: H+ + CH3COO- CH3COOH. Gv Ket luan: Trong dd cac ion H+ se ket hp vi cac ion CH3COO- tao 3/ Phan ng tao thanh chat thanh chat ien li yeu la CH3COOH . kh: + H + CH3COO CH3COOH *TN: cho dd HCl vao dd Na2CO3 Hoat ong 2: kh thoat ra. Gv: Lam TN cho dd HCl vao p vi d2 Pt Phan t: Na2CO3. 2HCl + Na2CO3 2NaCl+CO2 + Gv: Yeu cau hs quan sat, ghi hien H2O tng . -Pt ion ay u: -Viet pt phan t, pt ion ay u, pt ion + + 2+ rut gon cua dd HCl va Na2CO3. 2H+2Cl+2Na+CO32Na+2Cl+CO2 -Rut ra ban chat cua p. + H2O

Hs: -Thay co kh CO2 thoat ra. 2 HCl + Na2CO3 2 NaCl + CO2 + H2O 2 H+ + CO3 2- CO2 H2O. Gv ket luan: P gia muoi cacbonat va dd axt rat de xay ra v va tao chat ien li yeu la H2O va tao chat kh CO2. Gv: Cho vd tng t cho hs t lam, cho CaCO3 p vi dd HCl. Gv: Lu y cho hs: cac muoi cacbonat t tan trong nc nhng tan de dang trong cac dd axt. Hs: CaCO3 + 2 HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
+ 2+ -

-Pt ion rut gon:2H++CO32-CO2+ H2O.

CaCO3 + 2H + 2Cl Ca + 2Cl + CO2 +H2O. CaCO3 + 2H+ Ca 2+ + CO2 + H2O. Hoat ong 3: Gv cho hs thao luan ket qua cac tno tren e rut ra ket luan -Ban chat cua p trong dd chat ien li. -ieu kien e phan ng trao oi xay ra la g ? Hs thao luan: Roi tra li. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co lai cac kien thc trong tam cua bai Bai tap ve nha: 5 (c,d,e),7 (b,c) sgk trang 20. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

II/ Ket Luan: -Phan ng xay ra trong dd cac chat ien li la phan ng gia cac ion. -Phan ng trao oi ion trong dd cac chat ien li ch xay ra khi cac ion ket hp c vi nhau tao thanh t nhat 1 trong cac chat sau: + Chat ket tua + Chat ien li +Chat kh

TIET 8: LUYEN TAP : AXT, BAZ VA MUOI PHAN NG TRAO OI ION TRONG DD CAC CHAT IEN LI. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Cung co cac kien thc ve axt, baz, hiroxt lng tnh, muoi tren co s thuyet A-Re-Ni-Ut. 2) K nang: -Viet pt ion ay u va pt ion rut gon. -Giai cac bai toan co lien quan en [H+] , [OH-]. PH va moi trng a xt, trung tnh hay kiem. II/ CHUAN B : 1> Gv: Cau hoi va bai tap sgk 2> Hs: on lai ly thuyet va chuan b trc bai tap sgk. III/ PHNG PHAP : Thao luan, gi y_ neu van e va giai quyet van. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: ket hp trong gi hoc. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Cho hs tra oi van e 1: -Em hay /n axt, baz, hiroxt lng tnh, muoi theo thuyet A-Re-Ni-Ut ? Hs: Neu cac N Gv: Cho hs trao oi van e 2. -ieu kien xay ra p trao oi trong dd, chat ien li la g ? Cho v du ? Hs: Tra li Gv: Cho hs trao oi van e 3. -Phng trnh ion rut gon co y ngha g ? Neu cach viet pt ion rut gon ? Hs: Tra li. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Thong qua van e 1 va ren cho hs k nang viet pt ien li. Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 1 sgk/22 Yeu cau hs len bang trnh bay. Noi dung ghi bang A/ Cac kien thc can nh: -KN axt, baz, muoi, Ph, hiroxt lng tnh. -ieu kien xay ra phan ng trao oi trong dd chat ien li. -Y ngha cua ion rut gon.

B/ Bai tap: 1/ Pt ien li: a. K2S 2K+ + S2b. Na2HPO4 2Na+ + HPO42HPO42- H+ + PO43c. NaH2PO4 Na+ H2PO4H2PO4- H+ + HPO42HPO42- H++ + PO43d. Pb(OH)2 Pb2+ + 2OHPb(OH)2 PbO22- + 2H+ e. HBrO H+ + BrOg. HF H+ + Fh. HClO4 H+ + ClO44/ Pt ion rut gon:
2+ 2-

Hoat ong 3:

Gv: Thong qua van e 2 va ren cho a. Ca + CO3 CaCO3 hs k nang viet pt ion rut gon. 2+ Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 4 sgk/22 b. Fe + 2OH Fe(OH)2 Hs: Len bang trnh bay. + c. HCO3 + H CO2 + H2O.
2-

d. HCO3 + OH H2O + CO3 e. Khong co.

+ 2+

g. Pb(OH)2 Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 5 sgk/23 Hs: Tra li c Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 6 sgk/23 Hs: Tra li b Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 7 sgk/23 Hs: Lan lt lay v du e tao thanh

+ 2H Pb + 2H2O
2-

h. H2PbO2 + 2OH PbO2 + 2H2O

2+ 2-

i. Cu + S CuS 5/ ap an C 6/ ap an B: CdS 7/ Pt phan t, pt ion rut gon: Cr(NO3)3+3NaOHCr(OH)3+NaNO

3

AlCl3 + 3KOH Al(OH)3 + 3KCl Ni(NO3)2+2NaOHNi(OH)2+2NaN Hoat ong 4: O3. Gv; thong qua van e 3 va ren cho hs 2/ Ta co: [H+] = 10-2 => PH = 2 k nang tnh [H+], [OH-], pH va moi [OH-] = 10-14/10-2 = 10-12 trng. [H+] = 10-2 > 10-7M: Mt axt. Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 2 sgk/22 Quy tm co mau o. Hs:Thao luan, roi a ra li giai. 3/ PH = 9.0 th [H+] = 10-9M [OH-] = 10-14/10-9 = 10-5M [H+] = 10-9 < 10-7M: Mt kiem. Phenolphtalein khong mau. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 9: BAI THC HANH 1: TNH AXT BAZ. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc:Cung co cac kien thc ve axt-baz va ieu kien xay ra phan ng trong dd cac chat ien li. 2) K nang: Ren k nang tien hanh tno trong ong nghiem vi lng nho hoa chat .

II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Dung cu th nghiem: Ong nghiem, mat knh ong ho, ong nho giot, ua thuy tinh, bo gia tno tha xuc hoa chat bang thuy tinh. 2> Hoa chat: NH3, HCl, CH3COOH, NaOH, CaCl2 (ac), Na2CO3 (ac), Phenolphtalein, Giay PH. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, quan sat tno, ren cho hs cac thao tac lam tno. IV/ TIEN HANH TH NGHIEM : Gv chia hs trong lp ra thanh 4 nhom thc hanh. Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Th nghiem: Tnh axt-baz. Gv: Cho hs tien hanh tno 1 nh sgk yeu cau cac hs quan sat hien tng xay ve s mau cua giay ch th ph va giai thch. Gv: Quan sat hs lam tno va nhac nh hs lam tno vi lng hoa chat nho, khong e hoa chat ban vao ngi, quan ao. Noi dung ghi bang

1/ Tnh axt baz -Nho dd HCl 0,1M len mau giay PH, giay chuyen sang mau ng vi PH = 1: Mt axt manh. -Thay dd HCl bang dd NH3 0,1M, giay chuyen sang mau ng vi PH = 9: mt baz yeu. -Thay dd NH4Cl bang dd CH3COOH 0,1M, giay chuyen sang mau ng vi PH = 4. mt axt yeu. -Thay dd HCl bang dd NaOH 0,1M, giay chuyen sang mau ng vi PH = 13. mt kiem manh. *Giai thch: muoi CH3COONa tao bi baz manh va goc axt yeu. Khi tan trong nc goc axt yeu b thuy phan lam cho dd co tnh baz. 2/ Phan ng trao oi ion trong dd cac chat ien li. a/ Nho dd Na2CO3 ac vao dd CaCl2 ac xuat hien ket tua trang CaCO3. Na2CO3 + CaCl2 CaCO3 + 2 NaCl. Hoat ong 2:Th nghiem 2: b/ Hoa tan ket tua CaCO3 va mi Phan ng trao oi ion trong dd tao thanh bang dd HCl loang : Xuat cac chat ien li. hien cac bot kh CO2, ket tua tan th Gv: Cho hs tien hanh tno 2. CaCO3 + 2 HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O. Yeu cau cac em quan sat tno c/ Nho vai giot dd phenolphtalein vao va giai thch. dd NaOH loang cha trong ong Gv lu y: ong nho giot khong nghiem, dd co mau hong tm. Nho c tiep xuc vi thanh ong t t tng giot dd HCl vao, va nho nghiem. Neu s dung naoh va lac, dd se mat mau. Phan ng ac mau hong co the bien trung hoa xay ra tao thanh dd muoi mat ngay khi cho phenolphtalein. trung hoa NaCl va H2O moi trng trung tnh. NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O. *Khi lng NaOH b trung hoa het, mau hong cua Phenolphtalein trong kiem

khong con dd chuyen thanh khong mau. IV/ Noi dung tng trnh: -Yeu cau hs thu don dung cu, hoa chat, ve sinh phong tno. -Viet tng trnh, theo mau. 1. H & ten HS . . . lp . . . 2. Ten bai TH . . . 3. Noi dung tng trnh. Ten TN Cach tien hanh Hnh ve PTPU va k thuat e TN thanh cong 1/ . . . 2/ . . . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 10: KIEM TRA 1 TIET e 1: I/ Trac nghiem khach quan: (4) Moi cau ung c tnh: 0,25.

1c,2c,3b,4c,5b,6b,7c,8c,9b,10b,11a,12a,13d,14c,15c,16c. II/ T luan: (6) Cau 1: Viet phng trnh ien li (1,5). Moi cau pt ung c tnh 0,25.
+ 2+ 22+ 3-

Na2SO4 2Na + SO4

+ -

Na2HPO4 2Na + HPO4

+ 2-

HPO4 H + PO4

HBrO H + BrO
+ -

K2S 2K + S
2+ -

HF H + F Mg(OH)2 Mg + 2OH Cau 2: Viet ptpt, pt ion rut gon (1). a/

2+ 2-

Na2SO4 + BaCl2 NaSO4 + 2 NaCl; b/ HClO + KOH KClO + H2O; c/

Ba + SO4 BaSO4
-

HClO + OH H2O + ClO

+ 2+ CaCO3 + 2 HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O; CaCO3 + 2H Ca + CO2 + H2O d/ KCl + NaOH NaCl + KOH; ko co pt ion rut gon. Cau 3: (3,5) a/ Viet pt ion (0,5) HCl H+ + ClBa(OH)2 Ba2+ + 2OH KOH K+ + OHb/ [H+], [OH-] = ? (1,0) n - HCl = 0,75 x 0,04 = 0,03 mol => N H+ = n HCl = 0,03 (mol) -n Ba(OH)2 = 0,08 x 0,16 = 0,0128 mol n OH- = n KOH + 2 n Ba(OH)2 n KOH = 0,04 x 0,16 = 0,0064 mol = 0,0064 + 2. 0,0128 = 0,032 (mol) -P trung hoa : H+ + OH H2O 0,03 0,03 mol => n OH- d sau khi tron: 0,032 0,03 = 0,002 mol [OH-] = 0,002/0,04 + 0,6 = 0,01M = 10-2 M [H+] = 10-14/10-2 = 10-12 c/ Dung dch thuoc Mt baz v [H+] = 10-12 < 10-7, PH = 12 n d/ Ta co: CM = n => V = HCl = n OH- d = 0,002 = 0,01 (l) = 10 (ml). HCl V CM CM HCl 0,2

E 2: I/ Trac nghiem khach quan: (4). Moi cau ung c tnh : 0,25 1c,2c,3b,4c,5d,6b,7c,8c,9d,10a,11b,12c,13c,14a,15c,16c. II/ T luan: (6) Cau 1: Viet pt ien li (1,5).

2-

2-

H2SO4 2H +SO4
+ -

; ;

H2S H + HS ;
+ 2-

HS H + S
2+ 3-

HClO H + ClO
+ 2-

K2HPO4 2K + HPO4;
+

HPO4 H + PO4

Na2S 2Na + S ; CH3COOH CH3COO + H Cau 2: Viet ptpt, pt ion rut gon: (1) a/ 2Na2S + 2HF 2 NaF + H2S ; 2HF + S H2S + 2F b/ + 2+ Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl MgCl MgCl2 + 2H2O; Mg(OH)2 + 2H Mg + 2 H2O c/ 2+ 2Ba(NO3)2 + K2SO4 KNO3 + BASO4; Ba + SO4 BaSO4 d/ Na2SO4 + 2KOH K2SO4 + 2NaOH; ko co pt ion rut gon. Cau 3: (3,5) a/ Viet pt ien li (0,5) HCl H+ + ClH2SO4 2H+ + SO4 2Ba(OH)2 Ba 2+ + 2OHb/ [H+] [OH-] = ? (1) n n + HCl = 0,25 x 0,08 = 0,02 mol H = n HCl + 2 n H2SO4 n H2SO4 = 0,01 x 0,25 = 0,0025 mol = 0,02 + 2.0,025 = 0,025 (mol) n - Ba(OH)2 = 0,25. 0,06 n OH- = 2. n Ba(OH)2 = 2 x 0,25.0,06 = 0,03 (mol) -P trung hoa: H+ + OH- H2O 0,025 0,025 mol. n => OH d sau khi tron: 0,03 0,025 = 0,005 (mol) [OH-] = 0,005/0,5 = 0,01 M= 10-2 M [H+] = 10-14/10-2 = 10-12 M c/ Dung dch thuoc Mt baz v [H+] = 10-12 < 10-7, PH = 12 d/ The tch cua HCl V = n HCl = n OH= 0,005 = 0,025 (l) = 25 (ml). HCl CM 0,2 0,2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CHNG II NIT PHOTPHO TIET 11: NIT I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Viet c cau hnh e cua nguyen t nit va cau tao phan t cua no, biet cac tnh chat vat ly, hoa hoc, ng dung va ieu che 2) K nang: Van dung ac iem cau tao phan t cua nit e giai thch tnh chat vat ly, hoa hoc cua nit II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Bang tuan hoan cac nguyen to hoa hoc va he thong cau hoi e hs hoat ong 2> Hs: Xem lai cau tao p.t nit ( phan LKHH sgk hh 10 ) III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Hng dan, thong bao, bo sung

IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Neu cau hoi: - V tr N trong BTH: o, chu ky, nhom? - Viet cau hnh e va nhan xet ve lp e ngoai cung cua ngt N ? - Viet CTCT cua pt N va nhan xet ve ac iem lien ket gia 2 ngt N. Hs: Thao luan theo nhom va bao cao ket qua . Gv gi y: Da vao ac iem cau tao cua ngt N, e at cau hnh ben giong kh hiem th cac ngt N phai lam the nao ? Gv ket luan: Pht N gom 2 ngt N, 2 ngt N lk vi nhau bang 3 lk CHT Hoat ong 2: Gv neu cau hoi: N co tnh chat vat ly nao ? Hs : ngcu sgk va tra li cau hoi (Trang thai, mau sac, mui v, ty khoi so vi kk, to soi, tnh tan trong H2O, kha nang duy tr s chay, s ho hap) Hoat ong 3: Gv neu van e: N la phi kim kha hoat ong (A la 3) nhng to thng kha tr ve mat hnh hoc v sao? SOXH cua N dang n chat la bn? - Da vao cac SOXH TCHH cua N Hs tra li: Da vao ac iem, cau tao cua pt: do lien ket 3 trong pht n rat ben, 3000OC no van cha b phan huy ro ret thanh ngt. - SOXH cua N2 la O - SOXH cua N trong cac hp chat CHT vi nhng ngto co A khac nhau : -3, +1, +2 , +3, +4 , +5 - Da vao s thay oi SOXH cua N ma TCHH cua N la tnh kh hay

Noi dung ghi bang I/ V tr va cau hnh e ngt. -V tr cua n trong BTH. O th 7, nhom VA, chu k 2. -Cau hnh e cua N: 1s22s22p3 co 5e lp ngoai cung. -Pt N gom 2 ngt N, lien ket vi nhau bang 3 Lk CHT khong cc. -CTCT: N N

II/ Tnh chat vat l: Sgk.

III/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: - to thng N kha tr ve mat hoa hoc. Con to cao N tr nen hoat ong. -Tuy thuoc A cua chat p/ ma N co the the hien tnh kh hay tnh oxi hoa.

1/ Tnh oxi hoa: a/ Tac dung vi kim loai manh. (Li,Ca,Mg,Al.. tao nitrua kim loai)
0 o t -3

6 Li + N2 2 Li3N
0 -3

3 Mg + N2 Mg3N2 b/ Tac dung vi hiro: to cao,P

tnh oxi hoa cao, XT. Gv neu ket luan: o -3 t o , p , xt - to thng N2 kha tr ve mat hh N2 + 3 H2 2 NH3 - to cao N2 tr nen hoat ong hn 2/ Tnh kh: va co the t/d vi nhieu chat O - N the hien tnh kh va tnh oxi -Tac dung vi oxi : 3000 C hoac ho quang ien. hoa O +2 Hoat ong 4: 3000o C 2NO Gv at van e:Hay xet xem N N2 + O2 the hien tnh kh hay tnh oxi hoa -NO de dang ket hp vi O2 trong trng hp nao? tao NO2 (mau nau o), - Thong bao phan ng cua N vi 2 NO + O2 2 NO2 H va kim loai hoat ong -Mot so axt khac cua N: NO2, Hs: Xac nh SOXH cua N trc va N2O3, N2O5 chung khong ieu sau phan ng cho biet vai tro cua che trc tiep t N va O. N trong phan ng. *Kl: N the hien tnh kh khi tac Gv:Thong bao p cua N2 va O2 dung vi ngto co A ln hn Hs: Xac nh SOXH cua N trc va va the hien tnh kh khi tac sau p cho biet vai tro cua N trong dung vi ngto A nho. p . IV/ ng dung: sgk Gv: nhan manh: P nay xay ra rat kho khan can to cao va la p thuan nghch .NO rat de dang ket V/ Trang thai thien nhien:sgk hp vi O2 NO2 mau nau o. - Mot so oxit khac cua N: N2O , N2O3, N2O5, chung khong ieu che VI/ ieu che: trc tiep t p cua N va O a/ Trong CN: Chng cat phan Gv ket luan: N the hien tnh kh ooan kk long. khi tac dung vi ngto co A ln b/ Trong PTN: to hn va the hien tnh kh khi tac NH4NO2 N2 + 2 H2O dung vi ngto A nho hn. to NH4Cl + NaNO2 NaCl + N2 + Hoat ong 5: 2H2O Gv neu cau hoi: N co ng dung g ? Hs: ngcu kien thc thc te vao sgk Hoat ong 6: Gv neu cau hoi: Trong t nhien N co au va dang ton tai cua no la g ? Hs: ngcu sgk e tra li Hoat ong 7: Gv :Ngi ta ieu che N bang cach nao? Hs tm hieu sgk va tra li . 4. Cung co va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co bai bang cach dung bt4 sgk/31 Bt ve nha: 3,5/sgk/31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 12: AMONIAC & MUOI AMONI I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC:

1) Kien thc: Hs biet : cau tao cua pt Amoniac . Tnh chat vat ly, tnh chat hoa hoc va ng dung cua amoniac 2) K nang: - Da vao cau tao pt e giai thch tnh chat vat ly, tnh chat hoa hoc cua NH3 - Viet PTHH bieu dien tnh chat hoa hoc cua NH3 - oc va tom tat thong tin ve ng dung quan trong cua NH3 3) Thai o tnh cam: Nhan biet c NH3 va muoi amoni co trong moi trng, co y thc gi gn ve sinh e gi bau kk va nguon nc trong sach khong b o nhiem bi NH3. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: * Th nghiem ve s hoa tan cua NH3 trong nc.. -Chau thuy tinh ng nc. -Lo ng kh NH3 vi nut cao su co ong thuy tinh vuot nhon xuyen qua. *Th nghiem cu tinh baz yeu cua NH3. -Giay quy tm am. -Dung dch AlCl3 va d2 NH3 -Dung dch HCl ac, H2SO4 va d2 NH3. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Hng dan, gi y, thong bao, bo sung, rut ra ket luan. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv neu cau hoi: Da vao cau tao cua ngt N va H hay mo ta s hnh thanh pt NH3 ? Viet CTE va CTCT pt NH3? Hs: Da vao kien thc lp 10 va sgk : Trong pt NH3 - Ngt N lk vi 3 ngt H bang 3 LK CHT co cc. - Ngt N con co 1 cap e hoa tr. - Ngt N co SOXH thap nhat -3 Gv bo sung: pt NH3 co cau tao hnh thap, ngt N nh thap con 3 ngt H nam 3 nh cua tam giac eu la ay cua hnh thap co cau tao ko oi xng nen pt NH3 phan cc. Hoat ong 2: Gv:Yeu cau hs quan sat bnh ng kh NH3 tnh t khoi cua NH3 ra vi kk, th nghiem th tnh tan cua NH3 (h23 sgk). Hs: Rut ra nhan xet ve trang thai, Noi dung ghi bang A/ AMONIAC I. Cau tao phan t: - CTPT : NH3 - CTe: H : N :H
.. ..

H - CTCT: H

--

H N
107
o

H - S o cau tao p/t: p/t NH3 H phan cc .

H II. Tnh chat vat ly: - La chat kh ko mau, mui khai, xoc, nhe hn khong kh - Tan nhieu trong nc, tao thanh d2 co tnh kiem

mau sac, mui, t khoi, tnh tan cua NH3 trong H2O. Gv: Lam TN th tnh tan cua kh NH3. Hs: Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. - Kh NH3 tan nhieu trong nc lam giam P trong bnh va nc b hut vao bnh. Phenolphtalein chuyen thanh mau hong NH3 co tnh baz. Gv: thong bao them: D2 nh3 am ac trong phong tno co nong o 25% (N = 0,91g/cm3). Hoat ong 3: Gv thong bao cho hs: Th nghiem th tnh tan cua NH3 trong nc a chng to d2 NH3 co tnh baz yeu. Hs: Khi tan trong nc, 1 phan nho cac pt NH3 ket hp vi H+ cua nc NH4+ + OH-. Gv hoi : - Khi cho dd AlCl3 vao dd NH3 se xay ra p nao? - Khi cho dd NH3 vao dd H2SO4 p ra sao ? Hoat ong 4: Gv: Yeu cau hs cho biet: SOXH cua N trong NH3 va nhac lai cac SOXH cua N. T o d oan TCHH tiep theo cua NH3 da vao s thay oi SOXH cua N. Hs: Trong pt NH3, N co SOXH -3 -N co cac SOXH: -3,0,+1,+2,+3,+4,+5. -Nh vay trong cac p hh khi co s thay oi SOXH, SOXH cua N trong NH3 ch co the tang len tnh kh. Gv: Cho hs quan sat hien tng (h2.4 sgk). -Yeu cau hs cho biet chat tao thanh khi ot chay NH3, viet PTHH. to Hs: 4 NH3 + 3O2 2N2 + 6 H2O San pham la kh N2. Gv: Yeu cau hs viet ptp cua NH3 vi clo. Hs: 2 NH3 + 3Cl2 N2 + 6 HCl Gv bo sung: Neu NH3 con d se co p NH3 + HCl NH4Cl (khoi trang) Gv ket luan: Ve TCHH cua NH3. -Tnh baz yeu. -Tnh kh

III. Tnh chat hoa hoc 1. Tnh baz yeu a. Tac dung vi nc - Khi hoa tan kh NH3 vao nc 1 phan cac pt NH3 phan ng d2 NH3 la baz yeu: NH3 + H2O NH4++ OH- Lam quy tm chuyen sang mau xanh b. Tac dung vi d2 muoi: - D2 NH3 co kha nang lam ket tua nhieu hidroxt kim loai AlCl3 + 3 NH3 + 3 H2O Al(OH)3 + 3 NH4Cl Al3++3NH3+3H2OAl(OH)3 + 3NH4+ c. Tac dung vi axt NH3 + 2H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 NH3 (k) + HCl (k) NH4Cl (khong mau) (ko mau) (khoi trang) 2. Tnh kh a. Tac dung vi oxi to 4 NH3 + 3O2 2N2 + 6 H2O b/ Tac dung vi Clo 2 NH3 + 3Cl2 N2 + 6 HCl - Neu NH3 d NH3 + HCl NH4Cl (khoi trang) *Ket luan: Amoniac co cac tnh chat hoa hoc c ban. -Tnh baz yeu -Tnh kh IV/ ng dung: sgk

Hoat ong 5: Gv: Cho hs nghien cu sgk va trnh bay ng dung. 4. Dan do va bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co lai kien thc trong tam cua bai. Bai tap ve nha: 1,2,7,8 shk/37 38. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 13: AMONIAC & MUOI AMONI (tt) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc:hs biet: -Phng phap ieu che amniac trong PTN va trong CN. -Ve muoi amoni: tp phan t, tnh chat vat ly, tnh chat hoa hoc. 2) K nang: Viet PTHH bieu dien tnh chat hoa hoc cua muoi amoni. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1>: Th nghiem ieu che NH3 t NH4Cl va Ca(OH)2 . 2> : Th nghiem: Tac dung vi muoi amoni va NaOH. 3> : Th nghiem: Nhiet phan - con, tha lay hoa chat, 1 ong no ng NH4Cl. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: Hng dan, gi y, bo sung, rut ra ket luan t cac tno IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: at van e: NH3 c ieu che bang pp nao trong PTN va cong nghiep. Gv: Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk va tra li . - Tno ieu che NH3 c thc hien ntn? - NH3 thu c sau p thng co lan chat nao? - Lam the nao thu c NH3 tnh khiet . - Viet PTHH? Hs: Tra li - Muoi amoni p vi d2 kiem, to. - NH3 co lan hi nc. -e thu NH3 tinh khiet dan qua CaO Gv: Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk, tom tat qua trnh ieu che NH3, trong CN. Gv: Yeu cau hs s dung ngl Noi dung ghi bang V/ ieu che: 1/ Trong PTN: -un nong muoi amoni vi dd kiem to 2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2CaCl2+2NH3+2H2 O -e lam kho kh, ta cho kh NH3 co lan hi nc qua bnh voi song CaO. -ieu che nhanh 1 lng nho kh NH3, ta un nong dd NH3 am ac. 2 Trong CN: to,p N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2 NH3 (k) , H <o Xt To: 450 500OC P: 200- 300 atm Chat xt: Fe/Al2O3, K2O

lsatlie e lam cho can bang dch chuyen ve NH3. Hs: - N2 + 3H2 2 NH3, H<o -Tang ap suat he , giam to, dung chat xt. Gv bo sung: p: 200 300 atm to: 450 500OC Chat xuc tac: Fe/ Al 2O3, K2O. -Van dung chu trnh khep kn e nang cao hieu suat p. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Yeu cau hs k/n ve muoi amoni, lay 1 so vd ve muoi amoni. Hs: thao luan nhom trnh bay. Gv: Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk, cho biet ve trang thai, mau sac, tnh tan cua muoi amoni. Hs: Tinh the ran, tat ca cac muoi amoni eu tan nhieu trong nc, ion NH4+ khong mau. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Lam TN: Nho vai giot dd NaOH ac vao ong nghiem ng dd (NH4)2SO4 ac un nong nhe. a giay quy tm t tren mieng ong no. Gv: Yeu cau hs quan sat, nhan xet, viet p dang pt va ion rut gon. Hs: Quan sat hien tng va viet ptpu Gv bo sung: Phan ng tren dung e ieu che NH3 va nhan biet muoi amoni Hoat ong 4: Gv lam TN: Lay 1 t bot NH4Cl vao ong nghiem kho, un nong ong nghiem. Gv: - yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng. -Viet PTHH cua p nhiet phan NH4Cl (NH4)2CO3, NH4HCO3. Hs: Quan sat, mo ta hien tng: Co kh bay len, chat ran trang bam vao mieng knh at pha tren thanh ong nghiem. -Giai thch : do NH4Cl b phan huy NH3 (k) va HCl(k). Khi en gan mieng ong nghiem co to thap

B/ Muoi amoni: -Chat tinh the ion gom cation amoni NH4+ va anion goc axt. Vd: NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4 , (NH4)2CO3 I/ Tnh chat vat ly:Sgk II/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1/ Tac dung vi baz kiem: (NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2NH3 + 2H2O. NH4+ + OH- NH3 + H2O ieu che NH3 trong PTN va nhan biet muoi amoni.

2/ Phan ng nhiet phan: *Muoi amoni tao bi axt khong co tnh oxy hoa: (HCl,H2CO3) NH3 to NH4Cl l NH3 (k) + HCl (k). to (NH4)2CO3 NH3 (k) + NH4HCO3. to NH4HCO3 NH3(k) + CO2(k) + H2O *Muoi amoni tao bi axt co tnh oxy hoa: (HNO2, HNO3) N2 , N2O to NH4NO3 N2O + 2H2O to NH4NO2 N2 + 2H2O

nen ket hp vi nhau thanh NH4Cl. -PTHH nhiet phan: to NH4Cl NH3(k) + HCl(k) to (NH4)2CO3 NH3 (k) + NH4HCO3. to NH4HCO3 NH3(k) + CO2(k) + H2O Gv: Yeu cau hs nhac lai p ieu che N2 trong PTN to Hs:NH4NO2 N2 + 2 H2O Gv: Bo sung them p to NH4NO3 N2O + 2H2O Gv ket luan: -Nhiet phan muoi amoni tao bi axt ko co tnh oxi hoa sp NH3. -Nhiet phan muoi tao bi axt co tnh oxy hoa sp N2, N2O. 4. Dan do va bai tap ve nha: Gv: yeu cau hs tom tat ngan gon ve tnh chat cua muoi amoni va giai bt2 sgk/37 Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5,6 sgk/37-38. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 14: AXIT NITRIC & MUOI NITRAT. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: -Cau tao pt, tnh chat vat ly, tnh chat hoa hoc, ng dung cua HNO3. 2) K nang: Hs: D oan tinh chat hoa hoc cua HNO3, da vao CTPT va SOXH cua N. -Viet PTHH chng minh tnh axt va tnh oxi hoa cua HNO3. - Nhan biet NO3-, x ly chat thai sau TN ve tnh chat cua HNO3. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Quy tm, CuO , dd NaOH, CaCO3 va HNO3, Cu, HNO3 ac, HNO3 (l). 2> Hs: on lai pp can bang phan ng oxi hoa kh. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, gi m, van ap, trc quan IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Trnh bay t/c vat l va t/c hoa hoc cua muoi amoni. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: A/ Axt nitric: Gv: Yeu cau hs viet ctct cua pt I/ Cau tao pt:

HNO3. Xac nh soxh cua nit trong HNO3. Hs: H O N = O O -Trong pt HNO3, N co SOXH + 5. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Gii thieu lo ng dd HNO3. -Yeu cau Hs quan sat va nghien cu noi dung bai hoc trong sgk, rut ra tnh chat vat ly cua HNO3. Hs: Neu trang thai, mau sac, o ben tnh tan trong nc, nong o cua dd am ac va khoi lng rieng. Gv: Nhan xet, bo sung va ket luan. Hoat ong 3: Gv: at cau hoi: da vao CTCT cua HNO3 hay d oan HNO3 co tnh chat hoa hoc c ban nao ? Tai sao ? Hs: Thao luan rut ra ket luan HNO3 co tnh axt va tnh oxy hoa. Gv bo sung: HNO3 la axt manh, khi tan H2O phan li hoan toan :HNO3 H+ + NO3=> Mang ay u t/c cua 1 axt. -HNO3, co N SOXH: +5 la SOXH cao nhat khi tham gia vao p hh SOXH cua N ch co the giam xuong: -3, 0, +1 +4 => HNO3 co tnh oxy hoa. Gv: Yeu cau hs lay v du ve tnh axt cua HNO3, viet ptp. Hs: lam quy hoa o, td vi axt baz baz, muoi cua axt yeu. Hoat ong 4: Gv:Bieu dien TN Cu t/d vi HNO3ac, HNO3(1) - Yeu cau quan sat va viet pthh. Hs: Nhan xet mau sac kh thoat ra va viet p/ Gv: Tuy theo vao nong o ac, loang cua HNO3, kim loai kh manh hay yeu ma sp co the : N2, N2O, NO, NO2, NH4NO3 .5 Mg + 12 HNO3 (1) 5Mg(NO3)2 + N2 + 6H2O 8 Al + 30 HNO3(l) 8 Al(NO3)3 + 3N2O + 15 H2O 4 Zn + 10 HNO3(l) 4 Zn (NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O Hs: CB bang pp thang bang e

-CTCT: H O N = O O -Trong pt HNO3: N co SOXH + 5 II/ Tnh chat vat ly: Sgk

III/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: HNO3 H+ + NO3- => la axit manh

H N O3 SOXH cao nhat

nen ch co the giam=> tnh oh 1/ Tnh axt : HNO3 la axt manh: -Quy tm hoa o -Tac dung vi oxt baz, baz, muoi cua cac axt yeu muoi nitrat. 2 HNO3 + CuO Cu(NO3)2 + H2O 2HNO3 +Ba(OH)2Ba(NO3)2+2H2O 2 HNO3 + CaCO3 Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O

+5

2/ Tnh oxy hoa: - HNO3co SOXH + 5 co the kh thanh:

o +1 +2 +4 -3

N2, N2O, NO, NO2, NH4NO3 tuy theo nong o HNO3 va kha nang kh cua chat tham gia. a/ Tac dung kim loai: -Oxy hoa hau het k.loai (tr Au, Pt).
O

+5

+2

+4

Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O

0 +4 +5 +2

3Cu +8HNO3(l) 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O - Fe, Al thu ong hoa vi HNO3, nguoi b. Tac dung vi phi kim HNO3, nong OXH c 1 so phi kim C,S,P NO2 C+ 4HNO3 CO2 + 4 NO2 + 2H2O S+6HNO3 H2SO4 + 6NO2+ 2H2O c. Tac dung vi hp chat - HNO3 ac oxi hoa nhieu hc vo c & hc - Vai, giay, mun ca, dau Hoat ong 5: thong.b pha huy khi tiep Gv: Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk cho xuc HNO3 ac biet ng dung cua HNO3. Hs: ieu che phan am, san xuat IV. ng dung: sgk thuoc no, thuoc nhuom, dc pham. 4. Cung co va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co nhng kien thc trong tam cua bai chu yeu la t/c hoa hoc HNO3 Bai tap ve nha: 1,2,3 sgk/45. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gv: HNO3 ac, nong oxi hoa 1 so phi kim: C,S,P (a phi kim len mc oxi hoa cao nhat) NO2 - lay Vd va yeu cau Hs viet va CBPU Hs: oc sgk e biet them: Gv: HNO3 ac tiep xuc vi vai, giay mun ca, dau thong se boc chay. - lay Vd va yeu cau Hs viet va CBPU

TIET 15: A XT NITRIC &MUOI NITRAT (tt). I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: Tnh chat cua cac muoi nitrat -ieu che HNO3 trong PTN va CN 2) K nang: - Nhan biet NO3-, x ly chat thai sau TN ve tnh chat cua HNO3. - Quan sat tn, neu hien tng, giai thch va rut ra ket luan muoi nitrat. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: -Tnh tan: 2 ong nghiem ng KNO3 va NH4NO3, nc. -Phan ng nhiet phan muoi nitrat: en con, gia ong nghiem, ong nghiem chu nhiet ng KNO3 ran. -Nhan biet ion NO3-: 2 ong nghiem ng mieng Cu va dd NaNO3 ong nghiem (2) them HCl (l) va un nong nhe. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, gi m, trc quan, am thoai IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp:

2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Neu cau hoi: HNO3 c ieu che ntn? Gv: Cho hs oc, quan sat h2.7 sgk -Yeu cau hs cho biet cach ieu che HNO3 trong PTN. Viet pt hoa hoc.
O

Noi dung ghi bang A. AXIT NITRIC V/ ieu che 1. Trong PTN: - Cho tinh the NaNO3 (KNO3) tac dung H2SO4 ac, un nong
t
O

NaNO3 + H2SO4() HNO3 + t NaHSO4 Hs: NaNO3 + H2SO4() HNO3 + 2. Trong CN: NaHSO4. * Sx HNO3 t NH3, khong kh: 3 Gv: Cho hs nghien cu noi dung sgk giai oan va rut ra quy trnh va p2 san xuat - Oxi hoa kh NH3 bang oxi kk HNO3 viet pthh. thanh NO O Hs: Co 3 giai oan Sx HNO3 t NH3 -3 850 900 C +2 4NO + 6H2O H va O2. 4NH3 + 5O2 Pt O -3 850 900 C +2 <0 4NO + 6H2O H < 0 -Oxi hoa NO thanh NO2 bang oxi 4NH3 + 5O2 Pt 2NO + O2 2NO2. kk k thng : 2NO + O2 2NO2 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3 -NO2 tac dung vi nc va oxi Gv chu y: -ieu kien cua p :to = 850 kk tao HNO3: 900oC, xt : Pt 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3 Dd HNO3 thu c 52 - 68%. e at *DD HNO3 co nong o 52 68 % nong o cao hn, chng cat axt e HNO3 co nong o cao hn: nay vi H2SO4 am ac (co vai Chng cat vi H2SO4 am ac. tro la chat hut nc). B/ Muoi nitrat: M(NO3)x Hoat ong 2: I/ Tnh chat cua muoi nitrat: Gv: cho hs nghien cu sgk, cho biet 1/ Tnh chat vat ly: ac iem ve tnh tan cua muoi -Tat ca cac muoi nitrat eu nitrat. Viet pt ien li cua 1 so tan trong H2O va la chat ien li muoi. manh. Hs: -Tat ca cac muoi eu tan va Ca(NO3)2 Ca 2+ + 2NO3ien li manh. KNO3 K+ + NO3+ -pt ien li: KNO3 K + NO3 2/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: -Cac muoi nitrat eu kem Hoat ong 3: ben bi to khi un nong muoi Gv: Cho hs oc va thu thap thong nitrat la chat OXH manh. tin t sgk. -San pham phan huy phu Gv: Neu cac TN nhiet phan cua thuoc vao ban chat cua KNO3, AgNO3, Cu(NO3)2 va phat cation lim loai. to phieu hoc tap cho hs giai thch va * KL trc Mg muoi Nitrit rut ra nhan xet. + O2 Hs: to VD: 2KNO3 2KNO2 + O2 - Muoi nitrat cua kim loai hoat ong * Mg en Cu Oxit KL + NO2 + manh Na,K muoi nitrat + O2 O2 o t VD: 2 KNO3 2KNO2 + O2 to VD: 2Cu(NO3)2 2CuO + 4NO2 -Muoi nitrat cua kim loai : Mg, Zn, Cu,

+ O2 Fe oxt k.loai + NO2 + O2. o to t VD: 2Cu(NO3)2 2 CuO + 4 NO2 + * KL sau Cu KL + NO2 + O2 O2 VD: 2AgNO3 2Ag + 2 NO2 + O2 -Muoi nitrat cua k.loai: Ag, Hg,Au kim loai + NO2 + O2 to VD: 2AgNO3 2Ag + 2 NO2 + O2 3/ Nhan biet muoi nitrat. Hoat ong 4: -Trong mt axt, ion NO3- the hien Gv: Lam tn, bieu dien. - ong (1): manh Cu vao dd NaNO3, tnh oxh giong HNO3: un nhe + 2+ - ong (2): manh Cu vao dd NaNO3, 3Cu+8H +2NO3 3Cu + 2NO+ 4H2O them dd H2SO4 loang vao, un nhe. (xanh) Gv: Yeu cau hs quan sat hien 2 NO + O2 2NO2 (nau) tng, giai thch, viet pthh. Hs: Tra li. - ong (1): khong co hien tng. - ong (2): Dd ang t ko mau chuyen sang mau xanh, co kh ko mau sau o hoa nau trong kk. -Pt: 3Cu + 8H+ +2NO3- 3Cu2+ +2NO + II/ ng dung muoi nitrat: Sgk 4 H2O 2 NO + O2 2NO2. Hoat ong 5: Gv Cho hs nghien cu sgk va tm C/ Chu trnh cua nit trong t hieu thc te cho biet muoi nitrat nhien. co ng dung g ? 1/Qua trnh t nhien: Hs: Phan am, thuoc no en. -Qt chuyen hoa qua lai gia N Hoat ong 6: dang vo c sang N dang hu c: Gv: Cho hs s dung sgk va h.2.8/tr44 -Qt chuyen hoa qua lai gia N -Trong t nhien nit co mat au dang t do va N hoa hp. ? 2/ Qua trnh nhan tao. -Ton tai dang nao ? -Nit luan chuyen trong t nhien nh the nao ? Hs: Lan lt tra li. 4.Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co cac kien thc trong tam cua bai. Bai tap ve nha: 4,5,6,7 sgk/45. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 16: PHOTPHO I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc:Hs biet: - V tr cua photpho trong BTH -Cac dang thu hnh va tnh chat cua photpho. -Cach ieu che va ng dung cua ngto P. 2) K nang: -Biet d oan t/c hh c ban cua P. -Viet cac PTHH chng minh t/c cua P. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: BTH cac ngto HH, he thong cau hoi. -Dung cu gom: ong nghiem, kep go, gia sach, en con. Hoa chat gom: P trang va P o.

2> Hs: xem lai bai hoc cu. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: am thoai, gi m, van ap, trc quan IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: I/ V tr cua photpho trong BTH Gv: Yeu cau hs trnh bay v tr cua va cau hnh e ngt: p trong BTH va nhan xet hoa tr -V tr: Z = 15, chu k 3, nhom VA co the co trong hp chat cua P. -Cau hnh e: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3. Hs: v tr : Z = 15,chu k 3, nhom IIA. -Hoa tr co the co cua P: 5 va 2 2 6 2 3 -Cau hnh e: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p . 3 -Hoa tr co the co: 5 va 3 Hoat ong 2: II/ Tnh chat vat l: Gv: Cho hs quan sat P o va P 1/ Photpho trang: trang va nghien cu sgk e tra -Tinh the mau trang, gom cac li. pt P4 lk vi nhau bang lc tng -Photpho co may dang thu hnh ? tac yeu => P trang mem, tonc -S khac nhau ve tnh chat vat l =.44,1oC cua cac dang thu hnh la g ? -Rat oc, ko tan trong nc, de Hs: - Co 2 dang thu hnh: Po & P tan trong d.moi hu c. trang. -Phat quang trong bong toi. -So sanh tt mau sac, cau tao pt 2/ Photpho o: oc tnh, tnh ben cua P o & -Chat bot mau o, co cau trang. truc polime Pn ben => kho nong GV: Lam TN chng minh s chuyen chay, kho bay hi. hoa photpho o va photpho trang. -ko oc: Gv bo sung: Neu e lau ngay p as trang dan chuyen thanh P o. Do P trang P o t, ngng tu hoi o can bao quan P trang trong nc, P trang rat oc con P o ko oc ket luan: P co 2 dang thu hnh chnh la o va trang. Hai dang III/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: Trong cac hp chat, P co SOXH nay co the chuyen hoa cho nhau. Hoat ong 3: -3,+3,+5 P va co tnh Oh va Gv: Cho hs can c so e lp ngoai co tnh kh. cung, A. Cho biet SOXH co the 1/ Tnh oxy hoa: co cua p? Khi tac dung vi kim loai manh Va da vao o d oan kha o o +1 -3 to nang phan ng cua P? Viet 3 Na + P Na3P PTP? o +2 -3 Hs: Trong cac hp chat, P co SOXH 2 P + 3Ca to Ca3P2 (canxi -3,+3,+5 photphua) -Khi tham gia p hh P the hien: -Tnh Oh khi t/d KL: SOXH cua P giam 2/ Tnh kh: Khi tac dung vi phi kim hoat O -3. ong va nhng ch oxy manh. -Tnh kh khi tac dung PK hoat *Vi oxi: ong va nhng chat Oh manh.
o o 5 -2

to -Viet PTHH minh hoa. 5O2 (d) + 4P 2P2O5 (iphotpho Gv: Tai sao ieu kien thng pentaoxit) photpho hoat ong manh hn nit ? o o +3 -2 Hs: Do lien ket n trong pt P 3O to + 4P 2P2O3(iphotpho 2(thieu) kem ben hn lien ket ba trong pt trioxit) N2. *Vi clo: Gv: Nhan xet y kien cua hs va o o +5 chu y nhan manh ac iem khac to 5Cl2(d) + 2P 2PCl5(photpho vi N2 va a ra ket luan. -P hoat ong manh hn N k pentaclorua) o o +3 -1 thng do lien ket n trong pt P to 3Cl2(thieu) + 2P 2PCl3(photpho kem ben hn lk ba trong pt N2. -P trang hoat ong manh hn P o. triclorua) -P va co tnh oxy hoa va co tnh * Vi hp chat: P + 5HNO3 ,n H3PO4 + 5NO2 + H2O kh. Hoat ong 4: Gv: Photpho co nhng ng dung g ? IV/ ng dung: Sgk Hs: oc sgk va tm trong thc te e neu cac ng dung cua P. Gv bo sung: P o c dung trong V/ Trang thai t nhien: Sgk SX diem. Thuoc quet vo bao diem la bot P o. Khi quet que diem vao vo bao diem, P o tac dung KClO3 au que diem co p chay. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Neu cau hoi: Trong t nhien P VI/ ieu che: to ton tai nhng dang nao ? Hs: Tm hieu sgk tra li: P khong Ca3(PO4)2 + 3 SiO2 + 5C 5 CO+2P ton tai trang tha t do v no hi + 3 CaSiO3 kha hoat ong ve mat hoa hoc: 2 khoang vat cua P: Photphort Ca3(PO4)2, Apatt 3 Ca3(PO4)2, CAF2. Gv: Trong CN photpho c san xuat bang cach nao? Viet PT phan ng? Hs: Nung hon hp quang photpho rt, cat va than coc 1200 OC trong lo ien 4.Cung co va bai tap ve nha: Gv: dung bt 1,2 sgk/49 e cung co kien thc trong tam cua bai. Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5 sgk/49. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 17: AXIT PHOTPHORIC & MUI PHOTPHAT I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc:Hs biet: Cau tao pt, tnh chat vat l ng dung, phng phap ieu che H3PO4 va muoi photpho. Nhan biet ion PO4 -3 -T/c hh cua H3PO4 va muoi photpho.

2) K nang: Van dung kt ve H3PO4 va muoi photpho e lam cac bai tap. II/ CHUAN B : 1> Gv: Dung cu ong nghiem, ong nho giot, ua thuy tinh. Hoa chat: nc cat, Na3PO4, AgNO3, NaCl, NaNO3, Ca3(PO4)2, NaH2PO4 H3PO4 , NaOH. 2> Hs: 1 so phieu giao viec e hs tnh cc xay dng kt mi. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, gi y, am thoai, van ap.. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Trnh bay tnh chat hoa hoc cua photpho. Viet ptp. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Hng dan hs: -Hay viet CTCT phan t H3PO4 -Ban chat gia cac lien ket ngt trong ngt la g ? -Trong hp chat nay SOXH cua photpho la bao nhieu? Hs: Tra li cac cau hoi Gv: Nhan xet y kien cua hs. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Cho hs quan sat lo ng H3PO4 e rut ra nhan xet ve: Trang thai, mau sac, nhiet o nong chay, tnh tan, tnh bay hi, tnh o cua H3PO4 ran. -Hs: Nhan xet va cho biet tnh chat vat l cua H3PO4. Gv: Bo sung; H3PO4 tan trong nc theo bat k t le nao la do s tao thanh lien ket h gia cac ngt H3PO4 vi cac pt H2O. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Hng dan hs nghien cu tnh axit cua H3PO4 trong sgk. -Viet pt ien li cua H3PO4 e chng minh la axt 3 nac va la axt co o manh TB. -Cho biet trong dd H3PO4 ton tai nhng loai ion nao ? Hs: Viet pt ien li H3PO4: 3 nac. -Dd H3PO4 ton tai cac ion H+, H2PO4-, HPO4 2-, PO4 3- va cac pt H3PO4. Gv: Yeu cau hs viet pthh gia dd NaOH va H3PO4 (d oan muoi tao Noi dung ghi bang A/ Axt photphoric: I/ Cau tao phan t: HO HO P=O HO -Trong hp chat H3PO4, P co Soxh cao nhat +5. II/ Tnh chat vat ly:Sgk

III/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1/ Tnh axt: -Trong dd H3PO4 tan trong H2O phan li theo 3 nac. H3PO4 H+ + H2PO4H2PO4- H+ + HPO4 2HPO4 2- H+ + PO4 3-Dd H3PO4 co tnh chat chung cua 1 axt va co o manh TB: Nac 1 > nac 2 > nac 3 2/ Tac dung vi baz: -Tuy theo lng chat tac dung ma H3PO4 sinh ra muoi axt hoac muoi trung hoa. H3PO4 + NaOH NaH2PO4 + H2O H3PO4 + 2 NaOH Na2HPO4+ H2O H3PO4 + 3 NaOH Na3PO4 + 3H2O

thanh) Gv: Giup hs da vao t le so mol gia H3PO4 va kiem e xac nh muoi sinh ra. at : a = n NaOH n H3PO4. Neu a = 1 NaH2PO4 (1) Neu a = 2 Na2HPO4 (2) Neu a = 3 Na3PO4 (3) Neu 1<a< 2 xay ra (1) va (2) Neu 2<a<3 xay ra (2) va (3) Hs: viet ptpt Gv: at cau hoi : H3PO4 co tnh oxi hoa ko? Tai sao ? Gv: Thong bao: Mac du p co SOXH cao nhat + 5 nhng H3PO4 ko co tnh oxy hoa nh HNO3 v trong d2 ion PO4 3rat ben vng . Hs ket luan: H3PO4 la axt 3 nac co o manh tb va ko co tnh oxy hoa. Hoat ong 4: Gv: Yeu cau hs oc sgk va tra li, -Trong ptno H3PO4 ieu che bang cach nao ? Viet PTHH. -Trong CN H3PO4 c sx bang cach. Hs: Tra li. Gv: Yeu cau hs oc va tom tat thong tin t sgk ve ng dung cua H3PO4. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Cho biet cac loai muoi photphat va lay v du Hs: Tra li Gv: Da vao bang tnh tan va sgk cho biet ac iem ve tnh tan muoi photphat. Hoat ong 6: Gv:Lam Tno, nho d2 AgNO3 vao d2 Na3PO4 sau o nho vai giot d2 HNO3 vao . Gv: Yeu cau hs nhan xet hien tng, giai thch va viet ptp. Hs: Co mau vang, ket qua tan trong HNO3. Gv: Yeu cau hs neu ng dung cua p nay. Hs: D2 AgNO3 lam thuoc th nhan biet muoi tan photphat. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha:

3/ H3PO4 khong co tnh oxy hoa

IV/ ieu che: 1/ Trong PTN: to P + 5HNO3 (ac) H3PO4 + 5 NO2 + H2O 2/Trong CN: to * Ca3(PO4)2 + 3 H2SO4 () 2H3PO4 + 3CaSO4 pp nay H3PO4 ko tinh khiet. * 4 P + 5O2 2 P2O5 P2O5 + 3 H2O 2 H3PO4 p2 nay H3PO4 co o tinh khiet va nong o cao hn. V/ ng dung: sgk B/ Muoi photphat: 2 loai -Muoi trung hoa: Na3PO4, (NH4)3PO4, Ca3(PO4)2 Muoi axt: -ihirophotphat: NaH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, Ca(H2PO4)2 -Hiro photphat: Na2HPO4 ,(NH4)2HPO4, CaHPO4. I/ Tnh tan:Sgk II/ Nhan biet ion photphat: -TN: cho dd AgNO3 vao dd Na3PO4 3Ag+ + PO4 3- Ag3PO4 (mau vang) DD AgNO3 lam thuoc th nhan biet muoi tan photphat.

Gv: dung bai tap 2 sgk e cung co bai. Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5 sgk/54. TIET 18: PHAN BON HOA HOC. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: -Cay trong can nhng ngto dinh dng nao ? -Tp hoa hoc va cach ieu che cua cac loai phan am, phan lan, phan kali. Mot so nha may sx phan hoa hoc Viet Nam. 2) K nang: Van dung kt e anh gia cac loai phan bon va lam cac bai tap II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 1 so loai phan bon hoa hoc ang co hien nay. Tno ve tnh tan cua 1 so phan bon: coc thuy tinh, ua, phan bon hh. -Nhan biet 1 so phan bon hoa hoc. 2> Hs: tm hieu cac ng dung. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, gi y, am thoai, van ap.. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Trnh bay t/c hh cua H3PO4 . 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Yeu cau hs oc noi dung sgk cho biet. -Cay trong can nhng ngto dinh dng nao, di dang ion, pt hay ngt? -Tai sao lai bon phan cho cay. -T o neu phan bon hoa hoc la g? -Gom co cac loai phan bon chnh nao? Hs: Tra li da vao nd sgk. Gv bo sung: Roi ket luan phan bon HH. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Hay cho biet vai tro cua phan am. -Cach anh gia chat lng am da vao au ? Hs: Tra li. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Yeu cau hs. -Hay ke ten cac muoi amoni ma Noi dung ghi bang * Phan bon hoa hoc: la nhng hoa chat co cha cac ng/to dinh dng, c bon cho cay nham nang cao nang suat mua mang. - Co 3 loai: phan am, phan lan va phan kali. I/ Phan am: -Cung cap N hoa hp di dang NO3-, NH4+ -Kch thch qua trnh sinh trng, lam tang t le protein thc vat Cay trong phat trien nhanh, cho nhieu hat, cu, qua. -anh gia theo t le % k/lg cua ngto N 1/ Phan am amoni: NH4Cl , NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4 /c: amoniac tac dung axt tng ng: 2NH3 + H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4

em a hoc ? -Trnh bay cach ieu che am amoni -Viet 1 p p minh hoa. Hs: NH4NO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4. -/c: 2NH3 + H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 . Hoat ong 4: Gv: Hay ke ten cac muoi nitrat ma em biet trnh bay cach ieu che am nitrat. - Viet 1 pt p minh hoa. Hs: Hoan thanh cac cau hoi tren. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Cho hs quan sat lo ng phan am ure, neu cthh cua ure va t le % N chiem trong ure cho hs biet. Gv: Yeu cau hs trnh bay cach ieu che va qua trnh bien oi trong at cua ure to,p Hs: CO2 + 2NH3 (NH2)2CO + H2O (NH2)2CO + 2 H2O (NH4)2CO3. Gv bo sung them: Cac loai phan am tren co u iem, tuy nhien van co nhc iem de chay nc nen can bao quan ni kho rao. Gv: ure c sx tai nha may Bac Giang, Phu My. Hoat ong 6: Gv:-Yeu cau hs cho biet vai tro cua phan lan, dang ton tai cua phan lan la g ? Chat lng phan lan c anh gia da vao ai lng nao. Hs: Nghien cu sgk roi tra li. Hoat ong 7: Gv: Co may loai phan lan ? Ke ten ? . -Yeu cau hs trnh bay cach ieu che cua tng loai phan lan ?. Hs: Trnh bay va viet cac ptp ieu che ra cac loai phan lan. Hoat ong 8: Gv: Phan kali cung cap cho cay ngto ? Di dang g ? Tac dung kali c anh gia ntn ? Hs: T oc noi dung sgk va tra li cac cau hoi tren.

2/ am nitrat: NaNO3, KNO3, NH4NO3 /c :Axt nitrat tac dung cacbonat kl CaCO3+2HNO3Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 +H2O.

3/ Ure: (NH2)2 CO cha khoang 46%N -Loai phan am tot nhat, t le % N cao -/c: to,p CO2 + 2NH3 (NH2)2CO + H2O Trong at co bien oi. (NH2)2CO + 2 H2O (NH4)2CO3. => Nhc iem: De chay nc nen phai bao quan ni kho rao. II/ Phan lan: -Cung cap P cho cay di dang ion PO4 3-Tang q/tr sinh hoa, trao oi chat, trao oi nang lng cua cay. -anh gia theo t le % k/lg P2O5. 1/ Supephotphat: * Supephotphat n:(Ca(H2PO4)2, CaSO4) -/c: Ca3(PO4)2+2H2SO4() Ca(H2PO4)2 +2CaSO4 => (14 20% P2O5) * Supephotphat kep: Ca(H2PO4)2 (40 50% P2O5) -/c : Ca3(PO4)2 + 3 H2SO4 3 CaSO4 + 2 H3PO4. Ca3(PO4)2 + 4 H3PO4 3 Ca(H2PO4)2 2/ Phan lan nung chay: (12 14% P2O5) /c: Tron bot quang photphat va silicat Magie va C a ap nho, roi nung to cao 1000OC. Sau o lam nguoi va tan thanh bot. III/ Phan kali: -Cung cap kali di dang ion K+. -Tang cng tao ra ng, bot, x, dau tang kha nang chong ret, chong benh va chu han

cho cay. -anh gia theo t le % k/lg K2O IV/ Phan hon hp va phan phc hp: -Phan hon hp: N,K,P -Phc hp: c sx bang p2 hh. Vd: Amophot: NH4H2PO4 va (NH4)2HPO4. V/ Phan vi lng: -Cung cap cac ngto: Bo, Mg, Zn, Cu, Mo dang hp chat. -Cay trong ch can 1 lng nho nen cac ngto tren ong vai tro la vitamin cho thc vat. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: dung bai tap 2 sgk e cung co bai. Bai tap ve nha 1,3,4 sgk/58. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 19: LUYEN TAP Tnh chat cua nit, photpho & cac hp chat cua chung I/ MUC TIEU et1 1) Kien thc: Cung co kien thc tnh chat vat l, tnh chat hoa hoc, ieu che va ng dung cua N2, P, NH3, muoi amoni, HNO3, muoi nitrat va hp chat cua chung. 2) K nang: Ren luyen k nang van dung kien thc e giai bai tap hoa hoc. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Chuan b san cac bang so sanh ve noi dung l thuyet can thiet. 2> Hs: on tap l thuyet va lam ay u bai tap nha. III/ PHNG PHAP : Thao luan theo nhom va giai bai tap, chot kien thc bang bang phu. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra s chuan b cua hs: ket hp trong gi day. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc Noi dung ghi bang sinh Hoat ong 1: A/ Kien thc can nam Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap so 1 vng: Sgk -Yeu cau hs tom tat, so sanh 1 so tnh chat c ban cua N2, photpho. -Rut ra nhan xet, so sanh o hoat ong hoa hoc cua Nit, Photpho. * Hoan thanh s o p/, ghi ro ieu kien neu co: Nit Photph - N2 NH3(NH4)2SO4NH3N2 o NONO2HNO3NH4NO3N2O Cau hnh e, o - HNO3AgNO3 O2P2O5H3PO4

Hoat ong 9: Gv: Cho hs oc noi dung sgk se phan biet khai niem phan hon hp va phan phc hp ? Neu cac vd minh hoa. Hs: tra li Hoat ong 10: Gv: Cho hs nghien cu sgk Neu khai niem ve phan vi lng thanh phan va tac dung cua phan vi lng cach dung phan vi lng co hieu qua. Hs: Hoan thanh cac cau tra li:

am ien, cau tao (NH4)3PO4NH3 pt, soxh co the Ag3PO4 co, tnh chat hoa hoc. Hs: ien vao phieu hoc tap. Gv: Chot lai cac kien thc bang bang phu a so sanh san. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap so 2,3,4: -Yeu cau hs thao luan e thay moi lien he gia cac hp chat cua N2 va photpho. -Lap bang so sanh tnh chat cua NH3 va muoi NH+. NH3 Tnh chat vat l. Tnh chat hoa hoc. ieu che Nhan biet. NH4
+

-Lap bang so sanh tnh chat cua 2 axit. HNO3 H3PO4 Ct cau tao, SOXH cua N,P Tnh axt. Tnh oxi hoa Nhan biet -Lap bang so sanh tnh chat cua 2 muoi. NO3PO4 3Tnh tan trong nc. Tnh chat muoi -Tac dung axt -Tnh OXH -B nhiet phan huy -Nhan biet. Hs: Thao luan theo nhom va ien vao phieu hoc tap. Gv: Cung co lai kien thc trong tam bang bang phu a lap san so sanh. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 1 sgk/61 - Nhac lai k nang xac nh SOXH - Da vao quy tac xac nh SOXH e

B/ Bai tap: Bai 1/61 *SOXH cua N -3,-3,+3,+5,-3 *SOXH cua P +3,+5,+5,+5,+5 Bai 2/61 Chon C:: Mg3P2 Bai 4/61 to H2 + Cl2 HCl t ,p N2 + 3H2 2NH3
o

xt

HCl + NH3 NH4Cl Bai 3/61 a/ Cac PTHH:

tnh SOXH ( tong SOXH cua cac ngt 2NH3 + 3Cl2 (d) N2 + 6HCl trong ion bang ien tch cua ion) 8NH3 (d) + 3Cl2 6NH4Cl + N2 Hs: Tra li. NH3 + CH3COOH CH3COONH4 to (NH4)3PO4 H3PO4 + 3NH3 Hoat ong 4: to 2Zn(NO3)2 2ZnO + 4NO2 + Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 4 sgk/61 Hs: Thao luan theo nhom va c ai O2. b/ Phng trnh hoa hoc dien len trnh bay. dang phan t va dang ion rut gon: Hoat ong 5: Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 3 sgk/61. Hs: Trnh bay Gv: Cung hs nhan xet va sa nhng cho sai neu co. -Chu y da vao bang tnh tan, xac nh chat ko tan e viet pt hoa hoc dang phan t va dang rut gon cua p. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tnh chat cua nit, photpho & cac hp chat cua chung.
I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Tiep tuc cung co tnh chat cua nit, photpho va cac hp chat cua chung. 2) K nang: Giai cac bai tap tong hp co lien quan en noi dung chng II. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Chuan b 1 so bai tap lam them ve phan biet muoi nitrat, amoni, PO4 32> Hs: Lam cac bai tap con lai. III/ PHNG PHAP : Thao luan theo nhom, ren k nang giai cac bai tap. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra s chuan b bai tap cua HS : 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 7 sgk/62 Gv: Hng dan pp giai bai toan. -Yeu cau hs viet ptp Noi dung ghi bang B/ Bai tap: Bai 7/62 Cu + 4HNO3 2H2O
()

TIET 20: LUYEN TAP (tt)

tO

Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 +

-Tnh so mol cua NO2 (ktc) -Neu CT tnh % khoi lng moi kim loai trong hon hp. . Hs: Lan lt lam theo cach hng dan GV va van dung tnh toan e i en ket qua.

x mol 2x Al + 6HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O y mol 3y -Theo e bai co he pt: 64 x + 27y = 3 x = 0,026 2x + 3y = 0,2 => y = 0,049

* Chu y: co the giai nhanh -% Khoi lng cua moi kim loai bang pp bao toan e trong p/ Oh % Cu = 0,026 x 64 x 100 = 55,5% kh. 3 % Al = 0,049 x 100 = 44,5% 3 Bai 8/62: -Pthh: P2O5 + 3H2O 2H3PO4 Hoat ong 2: 6 2.6 6 n P2O5 = = mol n H3PO4 = mol Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 8 sgk/62 142 142 71 Gv: Hng dan hs. -Khoi lng dd H3PO4 = 25x1,03 => -Yeu cau viet ptp. m m -Tnh khoi lng dd H3PO4 => k/lg Khoi lng dd sau p = ddH3PO4 + P2O5 = 31,75 (g) dd sau phan ng. 25.1, 03.6 -Tnh khoi lng H3PO4 6% va k/lg -Khoi lng H3PO4 6%: = 100 cua H3PO4 tao thanh khi p 1,545g =>k/lg H3PO4 sau khi them P2O5. -Neu CT tnh nong o % cua => khoi lng H3PO4 sau khi them P2O5 H3PO4 . 6 Hs: Tra li theo ch dan cua m .98 = 9,83g H3 PO4 = 1,545 + gv. 71 9,83 .100 = 30,96% Vay: C% H3PO4 = 31,75 Bai 9/62: -1 ha khoai tay can 60kg N2 =>10 ha Hoat ong 3: khoai tay can 600kg N2 Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 9 sgk/62 - NH4NO3 N2 Gv: Hng dan hs. 80kg 28kg -Tnh 10 hecta khoai tay can bn kg 600.80 N2 ? kg 600kg N2 28 -Nhac lai ch neu anh gia => Phan am NH4NO3 can = 80 x phan am da vao N2. -Can bn phan am khi NH4NO3 600/28kg -100 kg phan am co 97,5 kg NH4NO3 cha 97,5%. xkg phan am 80 x 600 kg NH4NO3 Hs: Lam theo s gi y cua gv. 28 => x = 800 x 600 x 100 = 1,76.103 (kg) 28.97,5 Bai 5/62: Viet PTHH to b/ P + Ca Ca3P2 Hoat ong 4: Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 5 sgk/62 Ca3P2 + 6HCl 2PH3 + 3CaCl2 Hs: on lai kien thc va viet 2PH3 + 4O2 t o P2O5 + 3H2O day chuyen hoa. a/ Viet pthh:
tO,xt

N2 + 3H2
P

2NH3

NH3 + HNO3 NH4NO3 NH4NO3 + NaOH NaNO3 + NH3 + H2O N2 + O2 2NO 2NO + O2 2NO2 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3 4HNO3()+ Cu Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2+2H2O HNO3 + NH4Cl NH4NO3 + HCl -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------tO,p

TIET 21 : BAI THC HANH SO 2 TNH CHAT CUA 1 SO HP CHAT NIT & PHOTPHO. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Cung co cac kien thc HNO3, muoi nitrat, muoi photpho, phan bon hh. 2) K nang: Ren luyen k nang tien hanh th nghiem trong ong nghiem vi lng nho hoa chat. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Dung cu tn: Ong nghiem, gia th nghiem, ong nho giot, kep hoa chat, en con. -Hoa chat: Dung dch HNO3 68% va 15% Phan KCl, (NH4)2SO4, supephotphat kep Cu manh, than , KNO3 (tinh the). Dung dch AgNO3, NaOH.

2> Hs: Xem trc cach tien hanh th nghiem. III/ TIEN HANH TH NGHIEM: Gv chia hs trong lp ra thanh 4 nhom thc hanh e tien hanh tno. Hoat ong cua giao vien Noi dung ghi bang va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Tnh OXH cua HNO3 1/ Tn1: Tnh OXH cua HNO3 ac va ac va loang. loang. Gv: Cho hs tien hanh tn 1 nh sgk. -Cho 1ml HNO3 68% vao ong -Yeu cau hs quan sat hien nghiem 1. tng xay ra, viet PTHH cua -Cho 1 ml HNO3 15% vao ong phan ng, giai thch. nghiem 2 cho vao moi ong Gv: Lu y hs lay hoa chat vi nghiem 1 manh Cu va un nong. lng nho. *Quan sat hien tng xay ra va -V trong san pham p co giai thch. nhng kh NO va NO2 rat oc. -Cho manh Cu vao ong nghiem - HNO3 co the gay bong nang cha HNO3 ac co kh NO2 mau hoac lam thung quan ao. nau bay ra v HNO3 ac b kh -ay mieng bong tam xut len en NO2. Dung dch chuyen sang mieng ong nghiem e gi lai mau xanh do tao ra Cu(NO3)2. kh NO2. -Cho manh Cu vao ong nghiem cha HNO3 loang va un nong co kh no ko mau bay ra v HNO3 loang Hoat ong 2: Tnh oxi hoa cua b kh en NO. Dung dch chuyen muoi KNO3. sang mau xanh lam cua Cu(NO3)2 Gv: Cho hs tien hanh TN2 nh sgk, 2/ Tn2: Tnh oxi hoa KNO3 nong yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng chay. xay ra, viet ptp va giai thch. *Tien hanh Tno: Nh sgk Gv: Theo doi va lu y cho hs lam *Quan sat, giai thch, viet pthh. tno vi lng nho KNO3, un cho -Than nong chay o se bung KNO3 nong chay het mi cho chay trong KNO3 nong chay, co thanh hong vao ong nghiem. tieng no lach tach o la do Hoat ong 3: Phan biet 1 so KNO3 nhiet phan giai phong oxi. loai phan bon hh. -PT: t Gv: Hng dan hs quan sat 2HNO3 2KNO2 + O2 (mau sac, dang tinh the) cua Oxi lam cho than hong bun chay. (NH4)2SO4, KCl, Ca(H2PO4)2. 3/ Phan biet 1 so loai phan bon -Yeu cau th tnh tan trong hh: nc. *Tien hanh Tn: Sgk -Phan biet NH4)2SO4 , supe *Quan sat hien tng va giai photphat kep KCl. thch. -Cac phan bon hh khi hoa tan bang nc cat tan hoan toan. -Nho dd NaOH vao cac ong nghiem, ong nao co mui khai NH3 bay ra: nhan biet c (NH4)2SO4. NH4+ + OH- NH3 + H2O -Nho dd AgNO3 vao 2 ong nghiem ng KCl, Ca(H2PO4), ong nghiem nao xuat hien ket tua mau
O

vang Ag3PO4: nhan biet Ca(H2PO4)2.. Ca(H2PO4)2+6AgNO32Ag3PO4+ Ca(NO3)2 + 4HNO3. -ONG con lai: KCl.

IV/ Noi dung tng trnh: -Yeu cau hs thu don dung cu, hoa chat, ve sinh phong tn. -Viet tng trnh; theo mau. 1. Ho va tenlp 2. Ten bai TH 3. Noi dung tng trnh. a. Trnh bay tn1 va 2 nh sau:Tien hanh tn, mo ta hien tng quan sat, viet pthh, giai thch. b. Tn3: Ghi ket qua vao bang sau: Ten bon phan Ct hoa Mau hoc sac Tnh tan PTHH cua p vi dd NaOH --AgNO3

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 22: KIEM TRA 1 TIET CHNG 2 E 1: I/ Trac nghiem khach quan: (4) Moi cau ung : 0,25 ap an: nh kem theo II/ T luan: (6)

Cau 1: (2): to,xt N2 + 3H2 2NH3. HNO3 + NaOH NaNO3 + H2O 4 NH3 + 5O2 4 NO + 6H2O 3NaNO3 + H3PO4 Na3PO4 + 3 HNO3 to,xt 2NO + O2 2NO2 Na3PO4 + 3 HCl 3 NaCl + H3PO4. 4 NO2 + O2 + 2 H2O 4 HNO3 Cau 2: (1,5): Cho cac muoi hoa tan trong nc, trch moi d2 ra 1 t ong no Dung d2 AgNO3 e nhan biet. +d2 nao co mau vang Ag3PO4: o la d2 Na3PO4. Na3PO4 + 3 AgNO3 Ag3PO4 + 3NaNO3 . +d2 nao co mau trang AgCl: o la d2 NaCl. NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3 +d2 nao co mau en Ag2S + 2 NaNO3 Cau 3: (2,5): to a/ Viet ptp: Cu + 4 HNO3 () Cu (NO3)2 + 2 NO2 + 2 H2O (1) y y 2y to Fe + 6 HNO3() Fe (NO3)3 + 3 NO2 + 3 H2O (2) x x 3x b/ n = 11,2 = 0,5mol NO2 22,4 3x + 2y = 0,5 x = 0,1 => 56x + 64y = 12 y = 0,1
m

Fe = 5,6 => % Fe = 5,6 x 100 = 46,7% 12 m Cu = 6,4 => % Cu = 100 46,7 = 53,3% c/ to 4 Fe(NO3)3 2 Fe2O3 + 12 NO2 + 3O2 to 2 Cu (NO3)2 2 CuO + 4 NO2 + O2 n Fe2SO3 = 1 n Fe (NO3)3 = 1 n Fe = x0,1 = 0,05 mol => m Fe2O3 = 8(g) 2 2 n n CuO = Cu (NO3)2 = Cu = 0,1 => mCuO = 80 x 0,1 = 8 (g) m ran = m Fe2O3 + mCuO = 8 +8 = 16 (g). E 2: I/ Trac nghiem khach quan (4): ap an ung : 0,25 (nh kem). II/ T luan: (6) to Cau 1: (2): NH4Cl + NaNO2 N2 + NaCl + 2H2O; 4 NO2 + O2 + 2 H2O 4HNO3 to, p N2 + 3 H2 2NH3 2 HNO3 + CuCl2 Cu(NO3)2 + 2HCl Xt to 4 NH3 + 5O2 4 NO + 6H2O 2 Cu(NO3)2 2 CuO + 4 NO2 + O2

to,xt 2NO + O2 2 NO2 CuO + 2 HCl CuCl2 + H2O. Cau 2: (1,5) Cho cac muoi hoa tan trong H2O va trch moi d2 ra t ong no. -Dung Ba(OH)2 e nhan biet. +d2 trang BaSO4 va co kh mui khai NH3: o la (NH4)2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 BaSO4 + 2 NH3 + 2 H2O . +d2 co mau trang BaSO4 : o la K2SO4 K2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 BaSO4 + 2KOH. +d2 co kh mui khai bay len: o la NH4NO3 2 NH4NO3 + Ba(OH)2 Ba(NO3)2 + 2 NH3 + H2O . Cau 3: (2,5) a/ Viet ptp: Fe + 4 HNO3(l) Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O CuO + 2 HNO3(l) Cu(NO3)2 + H2O. n b/ NO = 0,448 = 0,02 (mol) 22,4 n HNO3(l) = 0,05 x 0,2 = 0,1 (mol) n Fe = n NO = 0,02 => m Fe = 1,12(g). n HNO3(2) = 0,1 n HNO3(1) = 0,1 0,08 = 0,02 mol. n CuO = n HNO3(2) = 0,02 = 0,01 (mol) => m CuO = 0,01 x 64 16 = 0,8 (g). mH = m Fe + m CuO = 1,12 + 0,8 = 1,92 (g) % Fe = 1,12 x 100 = 58,3 % 1,92 % CuO = 100 58,3 = 41,7 % to c/ 4 Fe(NO3)3 2 Fe2O3 + 12NO2 + 3O2 to 2Cu(NO3)2 2 CuO + 4NO2 + O2 m Fe2O3 = n Fe(NO3)2. m CuO = 0,01 x 80 = 0,8 (g) => m ran = 1,6 + 0,8 = 2,4 (g). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHNG 3: CACBON SILIC TIET 23: CACBON. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs hieu. - Biet cau truc va dang thu hnh cua cacbon. - Hieu c t/c vat ly, hoa hoc cua C. - Vai tro cua C /v i song va k thuat. 2) K nang: - Van dung c nhng t/c vat ly, hoa hoc cua C e giai cac bai tap HH co lien quan. - Biet s dung cac dang thu hnh cua C trong muc ch khac nhau. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH:

1> Gv: Mo hnh than ch, kim cng, Fuleren BTH cac ngto hoa hoc. 2> Hs: Xem lai kien thc ve cau truc tt kim cng, t/c hh cua C. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hoat ong theo nhom, t oc sgk, quan sat mo hnh : bao cao ket qua. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Yeu cau hs cho biet v tr cua ngto C trong BTH. Viet cau hnh e cua no. Hs: C(Z = 6): 1s22s22p2 nhom IVA, chu k 2. Gv ket luan: e at cau hnh e ben cua kh hiem ng/t C tao nen nhng cap e chung vi nhng ng/t khac va trong cac hp chat chung co so oxi hoa -4, +2, +4. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Hng dan Hs quan sat mo hnh cau tao mang tinh the kim cng, than ch, fuleren. Thu thap thong tin t sgk ien ket qua vao bang sau:
Tnh chat l hoc Cau tao Tnh chat

Noi dung ghi bang I/ V tr va cau hnh electron ngt: * V tr : Z = 6, nhom VIA, chu k 2 * Cau hnh e: 1s2 2s2 2p2 * SOXH co the co cua C: -4, 0, +2 ,+4 II/ Tnh chat vat ly:
Kim cng Cau truc -T dien eu Tnh chat. -Ko mau -Ko dan ien -Dan nhiet kem -Rat cng. -Xam en, co anh kim -Dan ien tot -Cac lp de tach ra khoi nhau. Nhng sp C603vi KLK chat sieu dan -en , xop -Hap phu cac chat kh, chat tan.

Than ch

Kim cng

Than ch

Fuleren

-Lp -Cac lp lk yeu

Hs: Quan sat mo hnh e tm hieu cau truc cac dang thu hnh cua C. -Da vao sgk va kien thc thc te trnh bay t/c vat l cac dang thu hnh cua C. Gv m rong them cho Hs: Hap phu la kha nang hut va gi tren be mat cua no cac chat kh (trong mt kh) hoac cac chat tan (trong dd) Hoat ong 3: Gv yeu cau hs: D oan t/c hoa hoc cua C da vao cac SOXH cua C. Hs: Tnh oxi hoa va tnh kh. Gv: Yeu cau hs cho biet C the hien tnh oxi hoa, tnh kh khi nao ? Viet pt phan ng minh hoa. ? Gv: Bo sung them ve tnh kh -V to cao C kh c CO2 do o khi ot chay C trong oxi, ngoai CO2 sinh ra con co CO. Neu to cao chu

Fulere n Cacbo n vo nh hnh

Tinh the C60 hnh cau -Tinh the rat nho -Co ct vo trat t

III/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: tO thng, C kha tr ve mat HH nhng tr nen hoat ong khi un nong. -Trong cac p/ C co tnh kh, tnh OXH. 1/Tnh kh: (chu yeu) 0 +4 to a/ T/d vi oxi C + O2 C O2
t - tO cao: C O2 + C 2 C O b/ T/d vi hp chat: tO cao C co the kh c nhieu oxt,
o

+4

+2

yeu CO . p vi nhieu chat OXH nh - Nhng oxt kim loai t Al tr ve HNO3 (), H2SO4 ac, KClO3 . . . trc khong b C kh. o +5 +4 +4 to -Yeu cau hs viet va can bang p. C + HNO3() CO2 + 4NO2+2H2O 2/ Tnh oxy hoa: Hoat ong 4: a/ Tac dung vi hiro. GV y/c HS tm ph/tr chng minh tnh O -4 OXH cua C to C + 2H2 CH4 HS ch ra 2 p/ vi H2 va kim loai. b/ Tac dung vi kim loai:
o -4
to

3C + 4Al Al4C3 (nhom cacbua) IV/ ng dung: Gv: Yeu cau hs cho biet kim cng, than ch, than vo nh hnh co ng Sgk dung g ? Hs: o trang sc, dao sat thuy tinh, V/ Trang thai t nhien: mui khoan Sgk VI: ieu che: Hoat ong 6: 100000atm, 3000 oC Gv: Yeu cau hs da vao sgk va - Than ch Kim cng hieu biet cuoc song cho biet trang nhan tao thai t nhien cua C. 1000oC , ko kk - Than a Than coc Gv: Bo sung them cac kien thc 2500o C , ko kk Than ch thc te. - Go + O2 kk thieu Than go to Gv: Cung cap cho hs phng phap - CH4 C than muoi + 2H2 ieu che cac dang thu hnh cua canbon. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co bai ve kien thc trong tam cua t/c hoa hoc. Bai tap ve nha: 2,3,4,5 sgk/70. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hoat ong 5:

TIET 24: HP CHAT CUA CABON. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet tnh chat vat l, hoa hoc cua CO, CO 2, H2CO3, muoi cacbon nat. -Cac pp ieu che va ng dung cua CO va CO2 2) K nang: Van dung cac kt e giai thch cac t/c va ng dung cua cac oxt cua cacbon ren luyen k nang giai cac bai tap ly thuyet va tnh toan co lien quan. II/ CHUAN B : Dung cu va hoa chat e bieu dien TN: phan ng CO2 vi dd Ca(OH)2, CaCO3 vi dd HCl: NaHCO3 vi d2 HCl, vi dd NaOH. III/ PHNG PHAP : Phat phieu hoc tap, hoat ong theo nhom, trc quan IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Neu t/c hoa hoc cua cacbon ? t/c nao la ac trng ? Cho vd minh hoa. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Yeu cau hs ng/cu sgk cho biet TCVL CO . Hs: Kh ko mau, ko mui, ko v, nhe hn kk t tan trong nc, kh CO rat oc. Gv: Yeu cau hs t soxh cua ngt C trong CO, co the d oan CO co tnh chat hoa hoc g ? Dan ra cac p hoa hoc va ch ro vai tro cua CO trong cac ngto o. Hs: - CO co tnh kh v SOXH cua C tang + 2 +4 -CO tac dung vi oxi, vi oxt kim loai. Gv bo sung them: to thng, CO ko tac dung vi H2O axt, dd baz nen con goi oxt ko tao muoi (CO la oxt trung tnh) Hoat ong 2: Gv : Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk va cho biet kh CO c ieu che ntn ? Viet cac PTHH ? Hs: Thao luan nhom, ket luan ve cac pp ieu che kh CO. Gv: Cho hs thay u va nhc iem cua moi pp. Neu cho hi H2O qua than nong Noi dung ghi bang A/ Cacbon monooxt. I/ Tnh chat vat ly:Sgk II/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1/ CO la oxt ko tao muoi (oxt tt) tO thng: ko td vi H2O, axt, kiem. 2/ Tnh kh: * CO chay trong oxi hoac kk .
+2
to

+4

CO + O2 CO2 * Tac dung vi nhieu oxt k.loai

+2 +3
to

+4

3CO + Fe2O3 3CO2 + 2Fe. III/ ieu che: 1/ Trong PTN: t o ,H 2SO4 dac HCOOH CO + H2O 2/ Trong CN:
tO ~ 1050oC

C + H2O CO + H2 (kh than t) to CO2 + C 2CO (kh than kho) B/ Cacbon ioxt:

o thu c hh kh (kh than t): 44% CO, con lai H2, N2, CO2. Neu cho CO2 qua than nong o thu hh kh (kh than kho): 25% CO, con lai N2,CO2 Hoat ong 3: Gv: Phat phieu hoc tap va yeu cau hs hoat ong nhom e tra li cac cau hoi. -Nghien cu sgk va hieu biet cua mnh hay cho biet TCVL cua CO2. -Da vao SOXH cua C trong CO2, d oan tchh cua CO2. Viet PTHH. Hs: -TCVL CO2: sgk - CO2 la oxt axt va co tnh oxi hoa (+4 0, +2) . Gv bo sung: - Ve TCVL: anh hng cua CO2 en moi trng. -TCHH ; SOXH +4 cua C kha ben nen trong cac p kho b thay oi. to + to cao: CO2 + C 2CO to +kl tnh kh 3CO2 + 2Fe 3CO + Fe2O3 Gv: Yeu cau nghien cu sgk cho biet cach ieu che CO2 trong CN va PTN. Hoat ong 4: Gv: Yeu cau hs chng minh H2CO3 la axt 2 nac kem ben. Viet PTHH. Hs: Viet pt phan li cua H2CO3.

I/ Tnh chat vat ly: sgk II/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: a/ CO2 la kh ko duy tr s song va s chay. b/ CO2 la oxt axt tan trong nc tao H2CO3. CO2(k) + H2O(l) H2CO3 (dd).

Hoat ong 5: Gv: Bieu dien tnh tan muoi cacbonat va yeu cau hs xem bang tnh tan e rut ra ket luan ve tnh tan cua muoi cacbonat. Gv: Yeu cau hs trnh bay t/c cua muoi cacbonat va viet pt minh hoa. Gv: Thong bao kha nang b nhiet phan cua cac loai muoi cacbonat va hirocacbonat yeu cau hs viet pt minh hoa. Hoat ong 6: Gv: Cho hs nghien cu sgk ve ng dung cac muoi quan trong cua cacbonat. Hs: Neu ng dung.

III/ ieu che: 1/ Trong PTN: CaCO3 +2HClCaCl2+CO2+ H2O. to 2/ Trong CN: CaCO3 CaO + CO2 C/ Axt cacbonic va muoi cacbnat I/ Axt cacbonic: *H2CO3 la axt 2 nac rat yeu, kem ben phan huy CO2 va H2O. H2CO3 H+ + HCO3HCO3- H+ + CO3 2*Tac dung vi dd kiem muoi. Trung hoa: Na2CO3, CaCO3 Axt: NaHCO3, Ca(HCO3)2 II/ Muoi cacbonat: 1/ Tnh chat: a/ Tnh tan: Sgk b/ Tac dung vi axt: NaHCO3+HCl NaCl + CO2 + H2O HCO3- + H+ CO2 + H2O Na2CO3 + 2HCl NaCl+CO2 + H2O CO32- + 2H+ CO2 + H2O c/ Tac dung vi dd kiem: Muoi hidrocacbonat td vi dd kiem. NaHCO3 + NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O HCO3- + OH- CO32- + H2O d/ Phan ng nhiet phan: * Muoi cacbonat tan: ko b nhiet phan. to * Muoi cacbonat ko tan oxt kim loai + CO2. to VD: Mg CO3 MgO + CO2(k) to * Muoi hidrocacbonat CO32

+ CO2 + H2O. to VD: 2 NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O b/ ng dung: Sgk 4. Cung co va bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co kl bang 2 bai tap 1 va 2 sgk/45 Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5,6 sgk/75. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 25: SILIC & HP CHAT CUA SILIC. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: - Tnh chat vat ly va hoa hoc cua solic, cac hp chat silic. -Phng phap ieu che va ng dung cua cac n chat va cua cac hp chat silic 2) K nang: -D oan tnh chat hoa hoc cua silic va so sanh vi cacbon. -Viet PTHH cua phan ng chng minh tnh chat cua silic va 1 so hp chat cua silic. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: Gv - Hs: chuan b 1 so mau vat, dd Na2SiO3, HCl, phenolphtalein, coc, ong nghiem, ua thuy tinh bang tuan hoan. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, trc quan, gi m. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv neu van e: ngto Si thuoc nhom IVA di cacbon, hay nghien cu tnh chat, ng dung, trang thai t nhien va ieu che silic. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Cho hs thao luan nhom va bao cao. -Neu TCVL ac biet cua Si va so sanh vi cacbon. Hs: Nghien cu sgk va tra li -Co 2 dang thu hnh: Tinh the va vo nh hnh. (giong C). -to soi va nhiet o nong cao (giong C) -Silic co tinh ban dan (khac C). Hoat ong 3: Gv:Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk, roi so sanh C vi Si co tnh chat hoa hoc giong va khac nhau nh the nao ? Noi dung ghi bang A/ Silic:

I/ Tnh chat vat ly: Sgk

II/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: -SOXH cua Si giong C: -4, 0, +2, +4 -Va co tnh kh, va co tnh oxy hoa. 1/ Tnh kh: a/ Tac dung vi phi kim: -Vi Flo k thng. -Vi halogen, O2: tO un nong

Lay phan ng minh hoa ? Hs: - Giong nhau: The hien tnh kh va tnh oxy hoa. - Khac nhau: Si co the tan trong dd kiem, Si la pk hoat ong < C Gv: Yeu cau hs viet pthh the hien tnh kh va tnh oxy hoa cua Si. Hs: Trnh bay.

-Vi C,N,S: to rat cao Si + 2F2 SiF4 500o C Si + 2Cl2 SiCl4 600oC Si + O2 SiO2 2000oC Si + C SiC b/ Tac dung vi hp chat: Si+2NaOH+H2O Na2SiO3 + 2H2 2/ Tnh oxy hoa: Khi tac dung vi kim loai tO cao 800 - 900o C Si + Mg Mg2Si (Magie
silixua)

Hoat ong 4: Gv : Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk va cho biet . -Trong t nhien Si co au ? Si co ton tai dang nao? Tai sao ? -Si co nhng ng dung nao ? ng dung o co lien quan ti tnh chat nao cua Si ? -Si c ieu che nh the nao ? Hs: - Si trong vo trai at. Khong ton tai dang n chat. Si co trong tp hp chat: SiO2, khoang vat. -ng dung da vao tnh ban dan e lam linh kien ien t, hp kim . to -/c: SiO2 + 2 Mg Si + 2 MgO. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Cho hs quan sat mau cat sach, tinh the thach anh va cho nhan biet ve TCVL cua SiO2. Hs: Neu TCVL trong sgk Gv: D oan tchh cua SiO2 va viet pt phan ng minh hoa. Hs: SO2 the hien: - oxt axt -Kha nang tan HF Gv: Nhan xet y kien cua hs va bo sung khi can thiet.

III/ Trang thai t nhien: Sgk IV/ ng dung: Sgk V/ ieu che: -Dung cac chat kh manh nh Mg, Al, C e kh SiO2 tO cao.
to

SiO2 + 2Mg Si + 2MgO

B/ Hp chat cua silic: I/ Silic ioxt (SiO2) *T/c vat ly:Sgk *T/c hoa hoc: - Oxt axt nen td kiem ac nong hoac nong chay. to SiO2 + 2NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2O. - SiO2 tan c trong HF. SiO2 + 4HF SiF4 + 2H2O II/ Axt silixic (H2SiO3): -Ket tua keo: Ko tan trong nc. -De mat nc khi un nong to H2SiO3 SiO2 + H2O Hoat ong 6: -La axt yeu, yeu hn ca Gv: Yeu cau hs oc sgk, cho biet: -Tnh chat vat l va hoa hoc, ng H2CO3 dung cua H2SiO3. Na2SiO3+CO2+H2OH2SiO3 +Na2 -Tnh chat vat l va ng dung c ban CO3 cua muoi silicat. III/ Muoi silicat: Hs: Tom tat kien thc theo noi dung -a so muoi silicat ko tan. tren. -Ch co muoi silicat cua kl

kiem tan trong H2O. 4. Cung co va bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co kien thc bang cach cho hs lam bai 3 sgk/79 Bai tap ve nha: 2,5,6 sgk/79. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 26: CONG NGHIEP SILICAT. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet . - Thanh phan, tnh chat hoa hoc cua thuy tinh, o gom, xi mang. -Phng phap san xuat cac vat lieu: thuy tnh, gom, xi mang t nguon nguyen lieu t nhien. 2) K nang: S dung: bao quan o dung bang cac vat lieu thuy tinh, o gom xay dng nh xi mang. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: S o la quay san xuat xi mang, he thong cau hoi cho hs. 2> Hs: Su tam tm kiem cac mau vat bang thuy tinh, gom, s. III/ PHNG PHAP : at van e, giai quyet van e, thao luan nhom. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Trnh bay tnh chat hoa hoc cua silic. Viet pt hoa hoc minh hoa. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: M bai: Cong nghiep silicat gom nhng nganh san xuat nao ? C s hoa hoc va quy trnh san xuat c ban la g ? San pham cua chung co ng dung g ? Chung ta hay tm hieu. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Cho hs nghien cu sgk va thc te hay cho biet. -Thuy tinh co thanh phan hoa hoc chu yeu g ? Noi dung ghi bang A/ Thuy tinh: I/ Thanh phan hoa hoc va tinh chat cua thuy tinh: -Thanh phan hoa hoc: Na2O.CaO.6 SiO2. -Tnh chat: Khong co nhiet o nong chay xac nh. -ng dung: Lam knh, chai, lo. -Nguyen tac san xuat: Nau chay hon hp cac trang, a voi, soa 1400oC.

-Tnh chat, ng dung, ngtac san xuat cua thuy tinh ? Hs: Tra li Gv: Cho hs oc sgk va cho biet. -Thuy tinh c chia lam may loai ? Hay ke ten cac loai thuy tinh o ? -Neu thanh phan hoa hoc va ng dung vi moi loai thuy tinh ? Hs: Tra li sau khi thao luan xong.

Hoat ong 3: Gv: Yeu cau hs bao cao ket qua va thao luan e rut ra cac kien thc. -o gom la g ? Co may loai -Gach, ngoi thuoc loai o gom nao ? Chung c san xuat nh the nao ? -Sanh, s c san xuat nh the nao ? Sanh khac s nh the nao ?. -Ke ten 1 so vat lam bang sanh, s . Hs: Nghien cu sgk, lien he thc Sanh te: tra li he thong cac cau Vat lieu: at set hoi. cao lanh Gv: Bo sung va hoan thien. anh

II/ Mot so loai thuy tinh: -Thuy tinh thng: Na2O.CaO.6 SiO2. Lam knh, gng soi. -Thuy tinh kali: Cat trang, a voi, K2CO3, lam dung cu th nghiem, thau knh, lang knh -Thuy tinh pha le: K2O. PbO.6 SiO2 dung lam o pha le. -Thuy tinh thach anh: Chu yeu SiO2 lam dung cu khong b nt khi b nong va lanh ot ngot. -Thuy tinh co mau: Them vao 1 so loai oxt co mau: CaO, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, MnO B/ o gom: -Vat lieu: at set va cao lanh. -3 loai: Gom xd, gom kt, gom dan dung. I/ Gach, ngoi: -Gach va ngoi thuoc loai gom xay dng. -Nguyen tac san xuat: nhao at cat + at set + H2O, tao hnh, xay kho, nung 900 1000oC. II/ Sanh s: S Vat lieu: fenspat, thach

oxt kim loai. -tO nung: 1200 -tO nung: gt: 1000oC 1300oC G2: 1400 o 1450 C Hoat ong 4: mau sac: Xam nau -Mau Gv: Yeu cau hs hoat ong nhom sac: Trang va bao cao ket qua. -Xi mang co thanh phan hoa hoc C/ Xi mang: chu yeu la g ? I/ Thanh phan hoa hoc: Xi mang pooc lang c san xuat 3Ca2SiO3 , 2Ca2SiO3 , 3CaO.Al2O3. nh the nao ? II/ San xuat xi mang: -Qua trnh ong cng xi mang xay a voi, at set, mot t quang ra nh the nao ? sat: em nghien nho, nung trong Gv: Dung s o lo quay san xuat lo quay hoac ng 1400 clanke e mo ta s van hanh 1600oC Clanke. cua lo. Nghien Clanken vi thach cao ( 5%) Hs: Nghien cu sgk va lien he va mot so chat phu gia Xi thc te e tra li cac cau hoi.

Gv: Tom tat lai tren bang trong mang. hoac bang phu. III/ Qua trnh ong cng xua xi mang: -Xi mang + H2O tao khoi nho, sau vai gi ong cng do co s ket hp cac hp chat co trong xi mang vi H2O tao nen nhng tinh the hidrat an xen nhau thanh khoi cng va ben. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co bai bang cau hoi. Hay ke ten 1 so nha may san xuat: gom , s, xi mang, t tinh. Bai tap ve nha: 3,4 sgk/83. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 27: LUYEN TAP: Tnh chat cua cacbon, silic & cac hp chat cua chung. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Cung co kien thc tnh chat vat ly, tnh chat hoa hoc, ieu che, ng dung cua C, Si, CO, CO2, H2CO3, muoi cacbonat va hirocacbonat, axt. Silixic, muoi silicat. 2) K nang: Ren luyen k nang van dung kien thc e giai bai tap. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Chuan b bang tom tat noi dung l thuyet can thiet. 2> Hs:on tap l thuyet va lam ay u bai tap nha. III/ PHNG PHAP : Thao luan nhom, giai bai tap. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra s chuan b cua hs: ket hp trong gi day. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: A/ Kien thc can nam vng: Gv: Chia lp hoc ra lam 4 nhom, Sgk moi nhom se thao luan ve noi

dung cua 1 bang. Sau o ien ket qua vao o trong cau bang. C ai dien cua moi nhom len bang trnh bay. Bang 1: So sanh tnh chat cua cacbon va silic.
T/C Cau hnh e SOXH co the co cac dang thu hnh. Tnh kh vi O2, vi halogen. Tnh oxi hoa vi H2, vi k.loai. Cacbo n Silic

Bang 2: So sanh tnh chat cua H2CO3 va H2SiO3. H2CO3 H2SiO3 Tnh ben Tnh axt Bang 3: So sanh CO, CO2 va SiO2.
CO SOXH cua C, Si. Trang thai, oc tnh td vi kiem tnh kh. Tnh oxi hoa. SiO2

Bang 4: so sanh tnh chat cacbonat va muoi silicat. tap: Bai 3/86 CCO2Na2CO3NaOHNa2SiO3H2S Hs: Quan sat bai tren bang, nx, bo iO3. tO sung. C + O2 CO2 Gv: Ket luan va hoan thien. CO2 + Na2O Na2CO3. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Yeu cau hs van dung, kien Na2SO3 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + 2NaOH. tO thc k nang a biet e giai 1 2NaOH + SiO2 Na2SiO3 + H2O. so bai tap. Na2SiO3 + CO2 + H2O H2SiO3 + Hs: Len lam bai 3,4,5,6 sgk/86 Na2SO3. Gv cung hs: Nhan xet, bo sung. Bai 5/86 a/ Phng trnh :
Tnh tan trong H2O. Tac dung axt. Tac dung vi to.
tO

Muoi cacbonat

Muoi silicat Bai B/

2CO+ O2 2CO2 (1) x x/2 x

tO

2H2 + O2 2H2O (2) y y/2 y N = 8,96 = 0,4 (mol) O2 22,4 Theo au bai : x + y = 0,8 28 x +2y = 6,8 => x =0,2 y =0,6

b/ % Vco = 0,2 x 100 = 25% 0,8 % VH2 = 100 25 = 75% c/ % m CO = 0,2 x 28 x 100 = 82,4 % 6,8 % mH2 = 0,6 x 2 x 100 = 17,6% 6,8 Bai 6/86
m
m
K2O. PbO.6 SiO2

= 677 g
K2CO3

K2CO3

n.M

= 6,77. 138 = 1,38 677

(tan).
m

= 6,77. 267 = 2,67 (tan) 677 m m SiO2 = 6,77.60 => 6SiO2 = 0,6 x 6 = 3,6 (tan) 677
Pb CO3

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHNG 4: AI CNG VE HOA HOC HU C TIET 28: M AU VE HOA HOC HU C I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: - Cac ac iem cua hp chat hu c -Cach phan loai hp chat hu c -Kha niem ve phan tch ngto 2) K nang: Hs nam c 1 so thao tac tach biet va tnh che hp chat hu c. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: bang phan loai chat hu c (sgk), tno ve tnh chat vat l cua HCHC. TN phan tch nh tnh cac ngto trong pt HCHC. 2> Hs: on lai ve hp chat hu c a hoc cap 2. III/ PHNG PHAP : Trc quan, suy dien, quy nap, neu van e IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Co cac chat sau: Muoi an, nc, ng, ancol, a voi, giam, baz (NaOH), axt (HCl), benzen, dau an -Yeu cau Hs xac nh au la chat thuoc loai hp chat hu c va au la hp chat vo c. Noi dung ghi bang I/ Khai niem: ve hp chat hu c va hoa hoc hu c: -Hp chat hu c la hp chat cua cacbon (tr cac oxt cua cacbon, muoi cacbonat, xianua va cac bua) -Hoa hoc hu c la nganh

Hs:- HCVC: muoi an, nc, a voi, baz, axt. - HCHC: ng, ancol, giam, benzen, dau an. Gv: yeu cau hs tm ra nhng ac iem chung ve thanh phan ngto tao nen HCHC (C12H22O11, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, C6H6) Hs: HCHC la h/c cua cacbon (tr CO,CO2, muoi cacbonnat, xianua, cacbua) Gv bo sung: Hoa hoc h/c la nganh hh nghien cu cac hchc. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Ghi 1 so ct cua HC va dan xuat cua HC. -Yeu cau hs sap xep cac chat tren thanh 2 loai va goi ten moi loai hp chat. Gv: Cho hs xem bang phan loai chat hu c, a ra 1 so vd minh hoa. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Da vao kien thc ve lien ket hoa hoc lp 10. Yeu cau Hs cho biet loai lkhh chu yeu trong Hchc. Cac chat co lk CHT thng co nhng ac iem g ve tnh chat. Hs: Tra li Gv: Gii thieu bnh co cha xang, yeu cau hs quan sat va a ra nhan xet ve tnh chat vat l (mui, o tan trong H2O ). Hs: xang: to n/c va to soi thap. Khong tan trong nc rut ra t/c vat ly Gv: Neu vd minh hoa ve xang Hchc kem ben nhiet va de chay. -Neu vd p hc trong i song: Len men tinh bot e nau ru, lam giam, nau xa phong. HS: rut ra nhan xet . . . Hoat ong 4: Gv: Neu muc ch va ngtac cua pp phan tch nh tnh. Gv: Lam TN phan tch glucoz Hs: Nhan xet hien tng va rut ra ket luan. CuO, t o * Glucoz CO2 + H2O Nhan ra CO2:CO2 +Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O Nhan ra H2O:CuSO4 + 5 H2O CuSO4. 5

hoa hoc nghien cu cac hp chat hu c.

II/ Phan loai hp chat hu c. 1/ Da vao thanh phan cac ng/to -Hidrocacbon: Ch cha C va H. -Dan xuat cua hidrocacbon: Ngoai H,C con co O,Cl,N,S 2/ Theo mach cacbon: Vong va khong vong. III/ at iem chung cua hp chat hu c: 1/ ac iem cau tao: -T cac ngto phi kim co A khac nhau khong nhieu . -Lien ket HH chu yeu la lien ket CHT. 2/ Tnh chat vat ly: Sgk 3/ Tnh chat hoa hoc: - HCHC kem ben vi nhiet va de chay. - P/ HH cua hp chat hh xay ra cham va theo nhieu hng khac nhau trong 1 ieu kien nhiet o tao hon hp san pham. IV/ S lt ve phan tch nguyen to: 1/ Phan tch nh tnh: a/ Muc ch: Xac nh cac ngto co trong hp chat hc. b/ Nguyen tac: chuyen hp chat hc thanh cac chat v c n gian, roi nhan biet bang phan ng t. c/ Phng phap tien hanh: * Xac nh C,H:
CuSO4 khan

(xanh): SPVC co CuO, t o HCHC SPVC

CuSO4

H2O

H2O (x
SPVC co CO2

dd(Ca(OH)2

co

*Xac nh nit: Chyen N thanh anh). NH3 qu hoa xanh co N * Kl: Trong tp glucoz co C va H. Gv: Tong quat len vi hp chat 2/ Phan tch nh lng: a/Muc ch: Xac nh % khoi hu c bat k. lng cac ngto trong pt hchc. b/ Nguyen tac: can 1 lng chnh xac HCHC (a gam), sau o chuyen HCHC thanh HCVC, roi nh lng chung bang PP khoi lng hoac the tch. Hoat ong 5: Gv: Neu muc ch va ngtac cua pp c/ PP Tien hanh: Sgk d/ Bieu thc tnh: phan tch nh lng. Hs: Rut ra phng phap tien hanh. m CO2 mC Gv: Hng dan hs cach thiet lap - m C = 44 .12 %C = a .100% bieu thc tnh phan tram khoi mH O m lng cua hau het cac ngto. - m H = 2. 2 %H = H .100% 18 a VN m - m N = 2. 2 .14 %N = N .100% 22,4 a - m O = a - (mC + mH + mN + ...) %O = 100% - (%C+ %H+ %N+ ...) 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: - Gv: Chot lai kien thc trong tam cua bai: pp p/tch nh tnh va nh lng. Hng dan Hs lam bai 3- sgk/tr91. - Bai tap ve nha: 1,2,4 sgk/91. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIET 29: CONG THC PHAN T HP CHAT HU C. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Biet CTPT, CT /gian nhat va phng phap xac nh cac cong thc o. 2) K nang: Van dung giai cac bai tap lap CTPT hp chat hu c. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: mot so bai tap xac nh ctcp hp chat hu c. 2> Hs: on lai phng phap phan tch nh tnh, nh lng cac ngto trong HCHC. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, lap luan, trc quan IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Gv: Neu pp tien hanh va bieu thc tnh cua phan tch nh lng lam bai tap 3/91. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Noi dung ghi bang

Hoat ong 1: Gv: Cho hs nghien cu sgk e nam c nh ngha ve CTGN. Hs: Neu y ngha cua CTGN. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Hng dan hs rut ra bieu thc ve t le so ngt cac ngto trong hchc A. Hs: Lam theo cac bc nh sau. -at CTPT cua A. -Lap t le so mol cac ngto co trong A. -Cho biet moi lien he gia t le mol va t le so ngt CTGN cua A Gv: Lay v du trong sgk cho hs hieu ve CTGN. Vd: Hp chat x cho biet % C= 40%, % H= 6,67 %, con lai la oxi, lap cong thc n gian nhat cua X. Gv: Yeu cau hs lam nh cac bc thiet lap CTGN. Hs: at CTPT cua X la CxHyOz. - Lap t le 40 6,67 53,33 : : x:y:z = = = 3,33 : 6,67 : 12 1 16 3,33 - Bien oi thanh t le so nguyen n gian: 1:2:1. => CTGN la: CH2O Hoat ong 3: Gv: a ra 1 so th du ve CTPT: C2H4 C2H4O2, C2H6O Yeu cau hs nhan xet ve Ctpt. Hs: Rut ra nh ngha. Gv: a ra v du, yeu cau hs quan sat va nhan xet mgh gia CTPT va CTGN.
Hp chat CTPT
CTGN

I/ Cong thc n gian nhat: 1/ nh ngha: -CTGN la CT bieu th t le toi gian ve ngt cua cac ngto trong phan t. 2/ Cach thiet lap CTGN: -Goi CTPT cua hp chat o la: CxHyOz (x,y,z: So nguyen dng) -Lap t le : m m m * x:y:z = nC : nH :nO = C : H : O 12 1 16 %C %H %O : : Hoac x:y:z = = a:b:c 12 1 16 =>CTGN cua hp chat: CaHbOC (a,b,c: so nguyen toi gian) *Th du: Sgk

II/ Cong thc phan t: 1/ nh ngha: -CTPT la CT bieu th so lng ngt cua moi ngto trong phan t. 2/ Moi qua he gia ctpt va CTGN: *Nx: -So ngt cua moi ngto trong CTPT la 1 so nguyen lan so ngt cua no trong CTGN. -Trong 1 so trng hp:CTPT = CTGN -1 So chat co CTPT khac nhau nhng co cung CTN. 3/ Cach thiet lap CTPT cua HCHC: a/ Da vao thanh phan tram ve khoi lng cac ngto. *Xet s o: CxHyOz xC + yH + zO. Klg (g) M(g) 12x y 16z %m 100% C% H% Z %.

Metan CH4 CH4

etilen C2H4 CH2

Ancoletyli c C2H6O C2H6O

a.axeti c C2H4O2 CH2O

Glucoz C6H12O
6

CH2O

Hs: nhan xet thong qua bang. Hoat ong 4: Gv: Phan tch theo s o sgk -Yeu cau hs lam v du minh hoa Vd: Phenol phtalein co %m: %C = 75,47% , % H = 4,35%, % O = 20,18%. Khoi lng mol phan t cua phenolphtalein la 318 g/mol. Hay lap CTPT cua no.

Hs: goi CxHyOz (x,y,z la so ng/dng) x = 318.75,47% = 20 12.100% y = 318.4,35% = 14 1.100% z = 318.20,18 = 4 16.100% =>CTPT: C20H14O4 Hoat ong 5: Gv: Hng dan hs tm ra ctpt t CTGN. -Yeu cau hs xac nh LKPT cua (CaHbOc)n. T o xac nh n va suy ra CTPT. Gv: Minh hoa bang th du sgk. Hoat ong 6: Gv: Phan tch cach lam tnh trc tiep t khoi lng san pham ot chay. Gv: Yeu cau hs lam vd sgk.

M 12 x y 16 z = = = 100 %C %H %O M.%C M.%H M.%O ,y= ,z = => x = 12.100% 100% 16.100% *V du: Sgk b/ Thong qua CTGN: -(CaHbOc)n Mx = (12a + 1b + 16c) .n -Vi a,b,c a biet ket hp Mx. -Tnh c n => CTPT *Vd:Sgk c/ Tnh trc tiep t khoi lng san pham ot chay. CxHyOz+(x+y/4z/2)O2 xCO2 + y H2O *T t le:
2

1mol xmol y/2 mol n n x CO2 n H2O * x = nCO2 , y = 2nH2O n n x x M *Biet X,x,y=>12x+1y+16z =Mx => z =

4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Can khac sau kien thc trong tam cho hs la pp e lap c CTPT hp chat h c. Bai tap ve nha: 2,3,4,5,6 sgk/95 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 30: CAU TRUC PHAN T HP CHAT HU C. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: - Khai niem ve cong thc cau tao. Noi dung c ban cua thuyet cau tao hoa hoc. Y ngha cua thuyet cau tao hoa hoc. 2) K nang: Viet CTCT cua cac hp chat hu c. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Mo hnh hoac tranh ve ve cau truc phan t hu c. 2> Hs: Xem trc bai hoc. III/ PHNG PHAP: hng dan, neu van e, phan tch. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Gv: yeu cau hs lam bai 5,6 trang 95. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Lay th du cua pt: C3H6 va viet CTCT: CH2 hoac CH3 CH = CH2 H2C CH2 Gv: Phan tch th du ve ctpt, ctct va yeu cau hs rut ra khai niem ve cau tao hoa hoc. Hs: Neu khai niem ve cong thc cau tao. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk: cho biet co may loai cong thc cau tao va khai niem cua tng loai cong thc o. Hs: Co 3 loai -Cong thc cau tao khai trien: cac lien ket eu bieu dien tren mat phang. -CTCT thu gon: Cac ngt, nhom ngt cung lien ket vi 1 ngt c viet 1 nhom. -CTCT rut gon nhat: ch bieu dien lk gia cac ngt c va vi nhom chc. Hoat ong 3: Gv: T CTPT cua C2H6O viet c nhng CTCT nao ? Hs: CH3 _ CH2 _ OH, CH3 _ O _ CH3 Gv: Bo sung them ve tos, t/c vat l Noi dung ghi bang I/ Cong thc cau tao: 1/ Khai niem: CTCT la CT bieu dien th t va cach thc lien ket (lk n, lk boi) gia cac ngt trong pt.

2/ Cac loai cong thc cau tao:

CTCT Khai trien CTCT Rut gon CTCT Rut gon nhat

H H H H-C- C- C-H H C H H H H CH3-CH-CH3 CH3

H H H H H-C- C- C=C H C H HHH CH3-CH-CH=CH2 CH3

II/ Thuyet cau tao hoa hoc: 1/ Noi dung: a/ Luan iem 1: sgk vd: Cho CTPT C2H6O co 2 CTCT hoa hoc Ancol etylic imetyl cte CH3-CH2-OH CH3-O-CH3 ts = 78,3oC ts = - 23oC Tan nhieu trong H2O Tan t trong H2O Tac dung vi natri ko td vi natri

va t/c hoa hoc cua 2 CTCT tren. b/ Luan iem 2: sgk Hs: T s so sanh tren neu luan vd: Mach ko nhanh: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 iem 1. Mach nhanh : CH3-CH-CH3 CH3 mach vong : CH2-CH2 CH2-CH2 Hoat ong 4: Gv: a ra cac th du ve cac ctct cua hp chat hu c: Gv: Yeu cau hs tra li -Trong cac th du tren, so lien ket ma C co the tao ra la bao nhieu ? -Hay nhan xet ve mach C vi cac ngt cua cac ngto khac. Hs: Tra li c/ Luan iem 3: sgk Trong phan t hchc, C luon co hoa vd: CH4 CCl4 tr 4. kh long Ngt C co the lien ket vi nhau 2/ Y ngha : Nham giai thch hien tao mach C (khong nhanh, co tng ong ang, ong phan. nhanh, vong) Hoat ong 5: Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat bang trong sgk, can c vao cac thong tin ve cac chat va rut ra nhan xet. Hs: tnh chat cua hchc phu e vao thanh phan pt (ban chat va so lg ngt) va cau tao hoa hoc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 31: CAU TRUC PHAN T HP CHAT H C (tt) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: Khai niem ong ang, ong phan . S hnh thanh lien ket n, oi ba. 2) K nang: Lap c day ong ang, viet CTCT t cac ong phan ng CTPT. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: Mo hnh hoac tranh anh ve cau truc phan t hu c: CH4, C2H4, C2H2. 2> Hs: xem lai bai cu. III/ PHNG PHAP : trc quan, hng dan, gi y. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Gv: Yeu cau hs nhac lai 3 luan iem ve noi dung cua thuyet CT hoa hoc so sanh CTPT va CTCT . Cho th du minh hoa. 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Lay th du day ong ang nh sgk C2H4, C3H6, C4H8. Gv: Yeu cau hs -Nhan xet s khac nhau ve tp phan t cua moi chat trong tng day ong ang -CTPT chung cua day c k hieu ? Hs: Cac chat trong day ong ang. TPPT hn kem nhau 1 hay n nhom CH2 -Co cau tao hoa hoc tng t nhau nen co t/c t nhau. -CTPT chung CNH2N Gv: Yeu cau hs neu khai niem ve ong ang va day ong ang. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Neu van e: Cac chat co TP hn kem nhau 1 so nhom CH2 va t/c hoa hoc tng t nhau th ta co khai niem ong ang. -Vay neu cac chat co cung CTCT nhng CTCT khac nhau ta se co khai niem mi nao ? Noi dung ghi bang II/ ong ang, ong phan: 1/ ong ang: a/ Th du: C2H4: CH2 = CH2 C3H6:CH2 = CH-CH3 C4H8:CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 CnH2n -Tp phan t hn kem nhau CH2. -Co tnh chat tng t nhau (tc la co cau tao hoa hoc tng t nhau) b/ nh ngha: Sgk 2/ ong phan: a/ Th du: CTPT C2H6O Ancol etylic: i metyl ete CH3-CH2-OH CH3-O-CH3 b/ Khai niem: Sgk *Cac loai ong phan: p mach C p v tr lien ket boi p nhom chc

Gv: a th du cu the hnh thanh ong phan. Ancoleylic: CH3 _ CH2 _ OH

p lap the

CTPT: C2H6O imetyl tet: CH3 _ O _ CH3 => Cac chat tren ong ang phan III/ Lien ket hoa hoc va cua nhau. cau truc phan t hp -hs: Neu khai niem ong phan. chat hu c. Gv: Hng dan cho hs nghien cu sgk 1/ Lien ket n lien ket ) e phan biet cac loai ong phan: Tao bi 1 cap e chung. p mach c, dp v tr lien ket boi p Lk rat ben nhom chc, p lap the. Hoat ong 3: H Gv: Thong bao cho hs biet c lk CHT trong hp chat hu c chu yeu. Vd: pt CH4 HCH Co 2 loai lien ket: lk & va II tao lk =, =. H Gv: Yeu cau hs 2/ Lien ket ba (1, 2II): -Neu khai niem lk n (&), lk oi (II)& ) Tao bi 3 cap e chung. lien ket ba (1 & , 2 II) Vd: Pt Acetilen C2H2 -ac iem cua lk & , II CH = CH Hs: Tra li Gv: Cho hs quan sat hnh ve CH4, C2H4, C2H2 e cung co cac khai niem lk n, oi, ba. Hs: Van dung xac nh kieu lien ket trong pt CH4, C2H4, C2H2. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co bai bang bai 5/101 Bai tap ve nha: 6,7,8 sgk/ 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 32: PHAN NG HU C I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet: -Cach phan loai cua phan ng hoa hoc hu c theo s bien oi phan t. -ac iem cua phan ng hoa hoc trong hoa hoc hu c. 2) K nang: Hs phan biet cac phan ng hoa hoc trong hoa hoc hu c. II/ CHUAN B : Gv: Giao an, phieu hoc tap III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC: at van e, gi y, rut ra ket luan. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Gv: goi 2 hs len bang lam bai tap so 6 va 8 sgk 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: Nhac lai cac phan ng thng gap trong phan ng cua cac hp chat vo c: p hoa hp, p phan huy, p trao oi, p the. -Yeu cau hs da vao sgk neu cac phan ng a gap trong cac hp chat hu c. Hs: P the, p cong, p tach. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Lay v du p cua Cl2 vi CH4 va phan ng cua C2H5OH vi CH3COOH va p cua C2H5OH vi HBr. -Yeu cau hs len viet ptp. -Rut ra nhan xet. -Neu nh ngha ve p the. Hs: P la p trong o 1 ngt hoac nhom ngt trong pt hp chat hu c b thay the bi 1 ngt hoac nhom ngt khac. Noi dung ghi bang I/ Phan loai phan ng hu c: Da vao s bien oi thanh phan va cau tao pt hp chat hu c.

1/ Phan ng the:
askt

*vd 1: CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl *vd2: t o , xt CH3-C[-OH+H]-O-C2O5 CH3-C

OC2H5

P + H2O O O *Vd3: to C2H5 [OH + H]Br C2H5 Br + H2O

Hoat ong 3: Gv: Lay v du ve p cong khi cho: C2H4 p vi Br2, C2H2 p vi HCl. -Yeu cau hs len bang viet ptp. -Neu nhan xet va rut ra nh ngha. Hs: P cong la p trong o pt hp chat hu c ket hp vi phan t khac tao thanh pt hp chat mi.

=> nh ngha: Sgk 2/ Phan ng cong: *Vd1: C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2 HgCl2 ,t o *Vd2: C2H2 + HCl C2H3Cl => nh ngha: Sgk

2/ Phan ng tach: Hoat ong 4: *Vd1: Gv: Lay v du ve p tach khi H + ,170o C CH2 CH2 CH2 = CH2 + Tach H2O t ancol etylic etilen. -tach H2 t ankan e ieu che H2O. H OH anken. Gv: Yeu cau hs neu nh ngha ve *Vd2: p tach. Hs: P tach la p trong o 2 hay CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 nhieu ngt b tach ra khoi phan H2 + CH3 CH = CH CH3 to,x t hp chat hu c. t Gv: Bo sung them: Ngoai 3 loai p H2+CH2 = CH CH2 CH3 tren, con co cac loai p khac => nh ngha: Sgk nh p phan huy, p ong phan II/ ac iem cua p hoa hoa, p oxi hoa hoc trong hoa hoc hu c. Hoat ong 5: 1/ Cac p hh trong hu c Gv: Mo ta 2 th nghiem trong sgk: thng xay ra cham, do cac lk Khi tron NaOH + HCl (1) p cac chat hu c t phan cc P este hoa cua C2H5OH + CH3COOH nen kho b phan cat. (2) 2/ P hu c thng tao ra -Yeu cau hs nhan xet hien tng, nhieu san pham. so sanh va rut ra ket luan Hs: Tn1: Xay ra ngay lap tc Tn2: Keo dai nhieu gi Gv: P hu c thng tao ra nhieu san pham do cac lk trong pt chat hu c co o ben khac nhau khong nhieu nhieu lk cung phan cat. 4. Cung co bai va bai tap ve nha: Gv: Cung co bai bang cach cho hs lam bai tap 2 sgk/105 Bai tap ve nha: 1,3,4 sgk/105. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 33: LUYEN TAP: HP CHAT HU C, CTPT & CTCT. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc:cung co cac kien thc - Hp chat hu c : Khai niem; Phan loai; ong ang, ong phan; Lien ket trong phan t - Phan ng cua hp chat hu c. 2) K nang: Ren luyen giai cac bai tap: Xac nh CTPT, CTCT cua 1 so chat HC n gian. Nhan dang 1 vai loai p cua cac chat hu c n gian. II/ CHUAN B : 1> Gv: He thong cau hoi va bai tap 2> Hs: Chuan b cac bai tap sgk III/ PHNG PHAP: Hoat ong theo nhom, hng dan IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Kiem tra s chuan b bai tap cua hs 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: I/ Kien thc can nam vng: Gv: To chc cho hs on tap ve Sgk khai niem hchc, thanh phan cac ngto trong pt hchc. -Phat phieu hoc tap 1 Ba 1: Hay viet 1 so vd ve hchc , hcvc t o a ra khai niem ve hchc. Bai 2: Hay viet 1 so CTTQ e bieu dien hchc, t o trnh bay ve thanh phan cac ngto trong

hchc. Hs: Cx Hy, Cx Hy Oz, Cx Hy Oz Nt, Cx Hy Clz. Hoat ong 2: Gv: To chc cho hs on tap phan loai hchc. Bai 3: Chia cac chat sau ay thanh 2 loai chnh va at ten goi. C3H8, C5H12, CH3Cl, C6H12O6, CH3COOH. Hoat ong 3: Gv: To chc cho hs on tap ve lien ket trong pt hchc. Bai 5: Co nhng lk nao trong cac hchc sau. CH3 _ CH2 _ CH2 _ CH2 _ CH3 CH3 _ C = C _ CH2 _ CH3 CH3 _ CH = CH CH2 CH3 CH2 = CH CH2 C = CH Hs:lk - ,= , = : lk CHT Hoat ong 4: Gv: To chc cho hs on ve cac loai CT bieu dien p hchc. Bai 6: Hay ke cac mui ten the hien quan he gia cac n v kien thc sau. Pt nh tnh ct chung ong ang. Pt nh lng. CTGN CTPT CTCTong phan. Hoat ong 5: Gv: To chc cho hs on tap ve cac loai p hoa hoc hay gap trong hhc Bai 7: Trong hh hu c thng gap nhng loai p nao ? hay neu ac iem cua tng loai p o. Hoat ong 6: Gv: Cho hs lam lan lt cac bai tap sau. Bai 1/107 Bai 2/107 Gv: Hng dan cu the B1: Xac nh tp % cac ngto metylogenol. B2: Lap CT n gian nhat cua M B3: lap CTCT thong qua CTGN. Bai 4/107 Bai 5/107

II/ Bai tap: Bai 1: Hidro Cacbon: C6H6 Dan xuat hidro cacbon: Cac chat con lai. Bai 2: % O = 100% - (% C + % H) = 17,98% Goi Ctpt Hchc: CxHyOz %C %H %O = = = 11:14 : 2 x:y:z = 12 1 16 => CTGN : C11 H14 O2. Ctpt co dang: (C 11 H14 O2)n = 178 => n = 1 Vay ctpt: C11 H14 O2 Bai 4: Chon A Bai 5: C3H8O: CH3 CH2 CH2 OH CH3 CH OH CH3 C4H10 O:CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH CH3 CH CH2 CH3 OH CH3 CH CH2 OH CH3 CH3 CH3 C OH CH3 Bai 6: ong ang: C3 H7 OH: C4 H9 OH ong phan:CH3 O C2H5, C2H5-OC2H5 Bai 7: P the: a,d P cong b P tach c Bai 8: Ni, t O a/ C2H4 + H2 C2H6

600 C 3C2H2 C6H6 C

Bai 6/107 Bai 7/107

C2H5OH+O2(kk) CH3COOH+H 25 300 C 2O

men giam

Bai 8/107 4. Cung co bai : -K nang giai bai tap lap CTPT -Cach viet pthh cua cac loai p. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 34: ON TAP HOC K I I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs nam c: phan c s l thuyet hoa hoc Chng I: s ien li -He thong hoa nhng khai niem c ban: s ien, axt, baz, muoi hiroxit lng tnh, ph, phan ng trao oi ion trong dd chat ien li. 2) K nang: Ren luyen giai cac bai tap phan ien li. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: He thong cau hoi, phieu hoc tap, bai tap ap dung. 2> Hs: on lai ly thuyet va giai cac bai tap sgk/sach bai tap. III/ PHNG PHAP : Lap bang tong ket, thao luan nhom IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv:Cho hs thao luan theo noi dung cua phieu hoc tap so 1. -The nao la s ien li, ke ten cac chat ien li. -Khai niem ve: Axt, baz, muoi, hiro xt lng tnh theo thuyet ien li. Cho v du minh hoa. Noi dung ghi bang I/ he thong hoa kien thc: *Chng I: 1/ S ien li: -Chat li manh: Axt, Bazo, muoi. -Chat li yeu: Axit va Bazo yeu. 2/ Axt, baz, muoi, hidroxt lng tnh. 3/ PH:

-Neu cong thc co lien quan en PH. -Neu ieu kien xay ra p trao oi gia cac ion trong dd. Hs: Trnh bay noi dung thao luan cua nhom, cac nhom trao oi, nhan xet, bo sung. Gv: Cung co cac kien thc, nhan mach phan trong tam cua bai on tap. Hoat ong 2: Gv: a ra cac dang bai tap co lien quan en chng I. Hs: Ghi nhan.

4/ ieu kien xay ra p trao oi gia cac ion trong dd.

II/ Bai tap: 1/ Viet phng trnh ien li cua cac chat. 2/ Tnh nong o mol cua cac ion trong dd chat ien li. 3/Tnh[H+],[OH-],PH,d oan moi trng 4/ Viet pt phan t, pt ion ay u, pt ion rut gon. III/ Bai tap ap dung: Bai 1: Viet pt ien li Hoat ong 3: K2CrO4 2K+ + CrO42Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 1: HCN H+ + CNViet pt ien li cua cac chat sau. H2SO4 H+ + HSO4K2CrO4, HCN, H2SO4, Pb(OH)2. NA2HPO4 HSO4- H+ + SO42Hs: Trnh bay. Pb(OH)2 Pb2+ + 2OHPb(OH)2 PbO22- + 2H+ Na2HPO4 2Na+ + HPO42HPO42- H+ + PO43Bai 2: -Pt ien li KOH K+ + OHHoat ong 4: HCl H+ + ClGv: Cho hs lam bai tap 2 H+ + OH- H2O. Tnh PH cua dd sau khi tron 100ml dd - n = 0,1 x 0,25 = 0,025 KOH = n OH KOH 0,25 vi 400ml dd HCl 0,05 M (coi the tch dd thay oi khong ang mol. =>[KOH]=[OH-]=0,05 (mol/l) ke). n n + Hs: Thao luan nhom, roi trnh bay. - HCl= H = 0,4 x 0,05 = 0,020 mol =>[HCl] = n[H+] = 0,04 (M) => [OH+] > [H+]: Mt baz -[OH-] d = 0,05 0,04 = 0,01 (M) => [H+] = 10 -12 (M) => PH = -lg [H+] = - lg 10 -12 = 12 Bai 3: a/Fe(NO3)3+3KOH3KNO3+Fe(OH)3 Hoat ong 5: Fe3+ + 3OH- Fe(OH)3 Gv: Cho hs lam bai tap 3: Viet pt dang phan t va ion rut b/ FeS + 2HCl H2S + FeCl2 gon cua cac p trong dd gia cac FeS + 2H+ H2S + Fe2+ cap chat. c/ HClO + KOH KClO + H2O Hs: Thao luan nhom, roi trnh bay. HClO + OH- H2O + ClOa/Fe(NO3)3 + KOH d/ CuSO4 + Na2S Na2SO4 + CuS b/FeS + HCl

c/ HClO + KOH Cu2+ +S2- CuS d/ CuSO4 + Na2S. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TIET 35: ON TAP HOC K I (tt) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs nam: Phan phi kim chng 2: nit va p va cHng 3; cacbon silic. 2) K nang:Ren k nang giai cac bai tap hoa hoc va hoat ong theo nhom. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: He thong cac cau hoi va bai tap, phieu hoc tap. 2> Hs: Chuan b bai on tap nha. III/ PHNG PHAP : Neu van e, hng dan, hoat ong nhom IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong cua giao vien va Noi dung ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: I/ He thong hoa kien thc: Gv: Cho hs thao luan vi noi dung 1/ Chng 2: Nit va photpho trong phieu hoc tap. 2/ Chng 3: Cacbon va silic 1. So sanh nit photpho va cacbon silic. -ac iem cau tao ngt va lkhh. -Tnh chat vat l, hoa hoc cua cac n chat nit, P,C, Si va hp chat cua chung. -Hien tng thu hnh P va C.

2. Vai tro cua N P va C-Si oi vi cong, nong nghiep. Hs: Thao luan nhom, roi c ai dien trnh bay. Hoat ong 2: Gv: Cung co lai cac dang bai tap tong hp cho hs t on tap. Hs: Ghi nhan Gv: Bo sung va nhan manh phan trong tam cua cac chng: 1 kim loai HNO3 (ac, loang) + 2 kim loai Kl + 1 oxt kl. Hoat ong 3: Gv: Cho hs lam bai 1: Bang p2 hoa hoc phan biet cac muoi. Na3PO4, NaCl, NaBr, Na2S, NaNO3. Neu ro hien tng dung e phan biet va viet PTHH cua cac p. Hs: Suy ngh va tra li.

II/ Cac dang bai tap: -Viet chuoi bien hoa: -Nhan biet dd (ion NO3-,PO4 3-,Cl-, SO42-) -Bai toan: Tnh n, m, CM, V -Tnh % ve khoi lng, C% Xac nh ten kim loai, phi kim. Bai 1: -Lay moi muoi 1 t vao tng ong n, them vao H2O hoa tan muoi, nho dd AgNO3 vao tng ong no. +Dd nao co trang ko tan axt manh: Th o la dd NaCl. NaCl+AgNO3AgCl (trang) +NaNO3 +Dd nao co vang nhat ko tan axt manh th o la dd NaBr. NaBr+AgNO3 AgBr + NaNO3 (vang nhat) +Dd nao co en th o la dd Na2S. Na2S+2AgNO3Ag2S (en)+NaNO3 +Dd nao co vang tan trong axt manh th o la dd Na3PO4. Na3PO4 +3AgNO3Ag3PO4 +3NaNO3. (vang) +Dd khong co hien tng g la dd NaNO3. Bai 2: *Day chuyen hoa gia cac chat: Ca3(PO4)2PP2O5H3PO4NH4H2PO4 Ag3PO4 NaPO4 NaH2PO4 *Cac phng trnh hoa hoc: 2000o C Ca3(PO4)2+3SiO2+5Cl 2P + 3CaSiO3 + 5CO. to 4P + 5O2 2P2O5 P2O5 + 3H2O 2H3PO4 H3PO4 + NH3 NH4H2PO4 NH4H2PO4+NaOHNaH2PO4+NH3+H2O NaH2PO4 + 2NaOH Na3PO4 + 2H2O Na3PO4+3AgNO3 Ag3PO4 + 3NaNO3 Bai 3: a/ Phng trnh hoa hoc cua cac p:

Hoat ong 4: Gv: Cho hs lam bai 2 Cho cac chat sau: Ca3(PO4)2, P2O5,P H3PO4, NaH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, Na3PO4, Ag3PO4. Hay lap 1 day bien hoa gia cac chat viet cac pt hoa hoc. Hs: Suy ngh va trnh bay.

Hoat ong 5: Gv: Cho hs lam bai 3: Chia m gam hh A gm Cu v Fe thnh 2 phn bng nhau:

Phn 1: Cho t/d vi dd HCl d thu c 4,48 lit kh (ktc) Phn 2: Cho t/d vi dd HNO3 c, nng d thu c 17,92 lit kh c mu nu (ktc) v ddB. a/ Tnh m? b/ Nu c cn ddB ri nung cht rn thu c ti khi lng khng i th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn khan ? Bao nhiu lit hh kh C (ktc) ? c/ Dn hh kh C tht chm qua 0,8 lit nc d. Tnh nng ca sn phm to thnh nu hiu sut ca phn ng l 75%. Hs: Thao luan nhom trnh bay Gv: nhan xet va bo sung them: co the giai bai toan tren bang cach ap dung: e nhuong = e nhan Hs: van dung lam

-Phn 1: ch c Fe t/d vi HCl H2: n H2 = 0, 2 mol Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 (mol) - Phn 2: Fe + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O (1) 0,2 0,2 0,6 (mol) Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O (2) y y 2y (mol) 17,92 = 0,8 mol = 2y + 0,6 a/ n NO2 = 22, 4 y = 0,1 mol Vy: m = 2( 56.0,2 + 64.0,1) = 35,2g b/ Co can ddB thu c: Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2. 2Fe(NO3)3 Fe2O3 + 6NO2 + 3/2 O2 0,2 0,1 0,6 0,15 (mol) Cu(NO3)2 CuO + 2NO2 + O2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,05 (mol) mran khan = 0,1(160 + 80) = 24 g Vkh = (0,6 + 0,15 + 0,2 + 0,05).22,4 = 22,4 lit c/ 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3 0,8 0,2 0,8 (mol) Ma H = 75% 0,8.75 C M (HNO3 ) = = 0, 75M 0,8.100

CHNG 5: HRO CACBON NO Tiet 37: ANKAN (PARAFIN)

I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: Hs biet : - cong thc chung cua day ong ang ankan, CTCT va cach goi ten cua 1 so an kan n gian. 2) K nang: lap day ong ang, viet cac ong phan goi ten cac ankan. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: bang 5.1 sgk va mo hnh p/t butan va iso butan. 2> Hs: on lai l thuyet ve ong ang, ong phan. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, gi y, giai quyet van e, trc quan IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

Hoat ong giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: yeu cau hs nhac lai khai niem cua ong ang. Hs: neu khai niem ve ong ang. Gv: neu ra he thong cau hoi. -day ong ang cua CH4 la ankan. Hay lap CT cac chat ong ang tiep theo. -rut ra CT chung cua day ong ang ankan va cho biet ch so n co gia tr nh the nao. Hs: C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, C5H12 CnH2n+2 (n 1). Gv: - cho hs quan sat mo hnh pt C4H10. -yeu cau hs cho biet loai lk trong pt ankan va goc lk trong pt bang bao nhieu ? ngt C trong pt ankan co nam tren 1 ng thang ko?. Hs: ngt C tao 4 lk n hng ve 4 nh cua t dien eu, cac ngt C ko nam tren 1 ng thang. Hoat ong 2: Gv: at cau hoi: vi 3 chat au day. -hay viet CTCT cua CH4, C2H6, C3H8. -cac chat nay co 1 hay nhieu CTCT. Hs: 3 chat au day ankan co duy nhat 1 ctct Gv: yeu cau hs viet cac ctct cua C4H10, C5H12 Hs: viet Nhan xet bo sung: cac chat con lai trong day ankan co cac ctct mach c khong phan nhanh va mach c phan nhanh tao thanh cac p mach c. Hoat ong 3: Gv: gii thieu bang 5.1sgk/111 Hs: rut ra nhan xet ve ac iem trong ten goi cua ankan va goc ankyl. Gv: neu quy tac IUPAC va lay v du phan tch cho hs hieu c quy tac nay.

Phan ghi bang I.ong ang,ong phan,danh phap: 1.Day ong ang metan: -CH , C H , C H 4 2 6 3 8 - CTTQ: C H (n 1) n 2n+2

2.ong phan: T C H tr i co ong phan 4 10 mach C. Vd:Viet cac ong phan cua C H ? 5 12

CH3 - CH2 - CH2 CH2 CH3 pentan CH3 CH - CH2 - CH3 | 2metylbutan CH3 ( isopentan) CH3 | H3C C CH3 2,2dimetylpropan | ( neopentan) CH3
3.Danh phap:

* Ankan khong phan nhanh : Bang 5.1 - Ankan 1H = nhom ankyl (CnH2n+1-) Ten nhom ankyl= ten ankan - an + yl * Ankan phan nhanh : Goi theo DP thay the. -Chon mach C chnh ( Dai nhat va nhieu nhanh nhat ) -anh so th t mach C

Gv: cho hs nhan xet ve so lng ngt c lien ket trc tiep vi moingt c roi rut ra /n bac c. Hs: bac c (trong ankan) = so ngt c lienket vi ngt c o. CH3 I II III II I CH3 C CH CH2 CH3 1 2 3 4 5 CH3 CH3

chnh pha gan nhanh hn. - Ten = ch so nhanh + ten

nhanh + ten mach chnh vd: 2,2 dimetylpentan CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3 Vd: 3- etyl- 2-metylpentan CH3 CH CH C2H5 3 -Etyl - 2 -Metylpentan

Hoat ong 4: GV: da vao sgk, gv yeu cau hs thong ke c cac ac iem sau cua ankan trang thai, quy luat ve II.Tnh chat vat l: sgk s bien oi nhiet o nong chay, nhiet o soi, khoi lng rieng, tnh tan. Hs: neu t/c vat ly. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co bai bang bai 1,2 sgk/115 Bai tap ve nha:6,7 sgk/116

CH3 C2H5 *bac C: c tnh bang so lien ket cua no vi cac ngt C khac

Tiet 38: ANKAN (tt) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - tnh chat hoa hoc cua ankan va p ac trng cua no la p the. - tam quan trong cua HC no trong c/n va trong i song. 2) K nang:viet va xac nh c cac san pham chnh cua p the. Goi ten ankan cung nh san pham tao ra trong cac p o.

II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:bo dung cu ieu che CH4. 1 so ng dung: xang, dau, m 2> Hs:on lai cac loai p va cach viet. III/ PHNG PHAP : Hng dan, gi y, ren k nang viet pt IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Gv: yeu cau hs: -neu CT chung cua day ong ang ankan. -viet CTCT cua C4H10, C5H12 -goi ten cua cac CTCT cua chung. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv; yeu cau hs oc sgk va a ra nhan xet chung ve ac iem cau tao va tnh chat hoa hoc cua ankan. Hs: trong pt ankan ch cha cac lk n C - C, C H: o la cac lk ben vng. GV: v lk ben, do o ankan kha tr ve mat hh nen ankan co kha nang tham gia vao p the, p tach, p oxi hoa. - Lu y cho hs p ac trng cua ankan la p the. Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs nhac lai khai niem p the va neu quy tac the thay the lan lt tng ngt H trong p the cua CH4 vi Cl2. - Lu y t le mol CH4 va Cl2 ma sp sinh ra khac nhau. Hs: thao luan nhom viet p/. Gv: yeu cau hs xac nh bac cua cac ngt C trong pt CH3 CH2 CH3 va viet pthh . -rut ra nhan xet: hng the chnh. Hs: hng the chnh (the de dang) la ngt H lien ket vi ngt C bac cao hn. phan ghi bang III.Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1.phan ng the bi halogen: vd: Cho CH4 p vi Cl2 as CH4+ Cl2 CH3Cl

HCl

clorua) as CH3Cl + Cl2 CH2Cl2 + HCl diclometan (metylen clorua) as CH2Cl2+ Cl2 CHCl3 + HCl triclometan (clorofom) as CHCl3+ Cl2 CCl4 + HCl tetraclometan (cacbon tetraclorua) * Vd2 :
+ HCl as CH3CH2CH3+Cl2 25o C +HCl 57%) CH3 - CH2 -CH2Cl (1-clopropan:43%) CH 3-CHCl-CH3 (2-clopropan:

Clometan (metyl

Hoat ong 3: Gv: viet 2 p/ tach H va be gach mach C cua butan.

* Nhan xet: Ng/t H lien ket vi ngt C bac cao hn de b the hn ngt H lien ket vi C bac thap hn. 2.phan ng tach:

Hs: nhan xet -di td cua to, xt cac ankan khong nhng b tach H ma con b be gay cac len ket C C tao ra cac pt nho hn. Hoat ong 4: Gv: a thong tin: gas la hon hp cua nhieu HC no khac nhau. -yeu cau hs viet pt p chay tong quat cua ankan. Hs: viet pthh cua p chay. Gv lu y: p chay la p oxi hoa hoan toan khi thieu O2 p chay cua ankan xay ra ko hoan toan :sp chay ngoai CO2, H2O con co C, CO, Hoat ong 5: Gv: viet pt ieu che CH4 bang cach nung nong CH3COONa vi CaO, NaOH. Gv: gii thieu p2 ieu che ankan trong cn. Hoat ong 6: Gv: cho hs ngien cu sgk, rut ra nhng ng dung c ban cua ankan.

a.ehidro hoa: vd: CH3-CH3 to, xt CH2=CH2+H2 CH3-CH2-CH3 to, Ni CH3CH2=CH2 + H2 c.phan ng crackinh: CH3-CH2-CH3 to CH4 + CH2=CH2 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 to CH4+CH2=CH CH3 CH 2=CH2 + CH3-CH3 3.phan ng oxi hoa: 3n + 2 CnH2n+2 + O2 nCO2 + (n+1)H2O 2 Vd: CH4+O2 to CO2+H2O C3H8 +5O2 to 3CO2 + 4H2O

IV.ieu che: 1.Trong phong th nghiem: CH3COONa+NaOH CaO,to CH4+Na2CO3 2.Trong cong nghiep: sgk V.ng dung: sgk

4. Cung co bai : - bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co lai kien thc trong tam cua bai. Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5,7 sgk/116

Tiet 39: XICLOANKAN I/ MUC TIEU :

1) Kien thc: hs biet: - ct chung, ong ang, ong phan, ten goi va ac iem cau tao pt cua xicloankan . -tnh chat vat ly, hoa hoc, ng dung cua xicloankan 2) K nang: - viet cac CTCT cua xicloankan, goi ten cac chat. -viet c cac pthh the hien tnh chat hoa hoc cua xicloankan II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:bang 5.2 sgk 2> Hs:on lai kien thc bai ankan. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Gv: trnh bay tnh chat hoa hoc cua ankan. Viet ptp. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va hoc PHAN GHI BANG sinh Hoat ong 1: I.Cau tao: Gv: at cau hoi: Vd: -t ctct cua cac xicloankan trong xiclobutan bang 5.2 sgk, em hay cho biet ac iem ve cau tao pt cua xiclopropan xicloankan. -lap day ong ang cua xiclopentan xicloankan va t o cho biet ct chung. xiclohexan Hs: xicloankan la ~ hc no mach vong (1 hay nhieu vong). -la nhng hidrocacbon no co mach -mono xicloankan: CnH2n (n 3). vong. Hoat ong 2: -CTTQ: CnH2n (n 3) Gv; goi ten 1 so mono xicloankan : -goi ten: Hs: nhan xet, rut ra quy tac goi * vong khong nhanh: xiclo + ten ten: ankan khong nhanh co cung so -vi mach vong (n) ko nhanh: ngt C Xiclo + ten ankan ko nhanh cung * vong co nhanh: ten nhom so ngt C. ankyl mach nhanh + xiclo + ten -vi mach vong co nhanh: ten ankan khong nhanh co cung so goc hc mach nhanh + xiclo + ten ngt C ankan ko nhanh cung so ngt C vd: trong vong. Gv at cau hoi: ac iem cau CH3 metylxiclopropan tao cua xicloankan la ch co lk . hay d oan tnh chat hoa hoc II.Tnh chat hoa hoc: cua no. 1.phan ng the: Hs: p the, tach va p chay. Hoat ong 3: + Br2 to Br + HBr Gv: yeu cau hs nhac lai kn p the. -viet ptp theo v du a ra . 2.phan ng cong m vong: Hs: tra li a.vi H2: Gv lu y ieu kien: as hoac un ch co xiclopropan va xiclobutan.

nong. +H2 Ni,to CH3-CH2-CH3 Ni, to Hoat ong 4: + H2 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 Gv cung cap thong tin: cac b.vi Br2 hoac acid: (ch co xicloankan (3, 4 canh) kem ben xiclopropan) nen ngoai p the tng t ankan, con de tham gia p cong +Br2 Ni,to Br-CH2-CH2-CH3-Br m vong. Gv phan tch: khi tham gia p +HBr Ni,to Br-CH2-CH2-CH3 cong m vong 1 trong cac lk c- c cua vong b be gay va tac 3.phan ng tach : nhan cong chia la 2 phan cong t o , xt CH3 CH3 + 3H2 hp vao 2 au cua lk va b gay tao hp chat no mach h. Gv: lay v du sgk va hng dan 4.phan ng oxi hoa: 3n hs viet cac pthh. CnH2n + O2 to nCO2 + nH2O Hoat ong 5: 2 Gv neu van e 9 to 3CO2 + 3H2O -tng t nh ankan, cac xicloankan Vd: C3H6 + 2 O2 cung b tach H2. -viet ptp. t o , xt Hs: CH3 CH3 + 3H2 Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh chung III.ieu che: sgk cua p chay cho xicloankan. CH3-(CH2)5-CH3 to, xt CH3+3H2 3n Hs: CnH2n + O2 to nCO2 + nH2O 2 IV.ng dung: sgk Hoat ong 6: Gv: gii thieu 2 cach ieu che va hng dan hs viet pt. Hs: tra li Hoat ong 7: Gv: cho hs nghien cu sgk va thc te cho biet ng dung cua xicloankan. Hs: lam nhien lieu, dung moi lam nguyen lieu e ieu che cac chat khac. 4. Cung co bai - bai tap ve nha: Gv: khac sau kien thc ve xicloankan. Ct chung, ac iem cau tao, p the, tach, cong. Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5 sgk/120.

Tiet 40: luyen tap : ankan & xicloankan. I/ MUC TIEU : 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - cau truc, danh phap cua ankan va xicloankan. -giong nhau va khac nhau ve t/c vat ly, t/c hoa hoc. ng dung cua ankan va xicloankan. 2) K nang: - ren k nang viet ctct va goi ten cac ankan. -ren luyen k nang lap ctpt cua hchc, viet pthh cua p the. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:-ke san bang tong ket nh sgk, bang phu -he thong bai tap bam sat noi dung luyen tap. 2> Hs: he thong lai kien thc a c hoc, chuan b cac bai tap trong chng 5 khi en lp. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e, hoat ong nhom IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: kiem tra s chuan b bai tap cua hs. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va hoc phan ghi bang sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: to chc cho hs on tap theo nhom: *phat phieu hoc tap 1: -ieu ct chung va nhan xet ve cau truc cua ankan va xicloankan. -ien ac iem danh phap va quy luat ve t/c vat ly cua ankan va xicloankan. -ien tinh chat hoa hoc va lay vd cua ankan va xicloankan. -neu ng dung va ieu che cua ankan va xicloankan. Hs: thao luan theo nhom, ien ay u vao phieu hoc tap phan e trong. Gv: nhan xet, khac sau kien thc a hoc cho hs bang bang tong ket. CTTQ Cau truc Ankan CnH2n+2(n 1) - mach h ch co kh n C-C. -mach C tao ng gap khuc. xicloankan. CmH2m (m 3) -mach vong ch co lk n CC. -tr xiclopropan th cac C

Danh phap

Ten goi co uoi -an

t/c vat -C1-C4: the ly kh. -tnc, ts, klg rieng tang theo pt khoi nhe hn nc, ko tan trong nc. t/c hoa -phan ng hoc the -p tach -p oxi hoa

trong xicloankan ko cung nam tren 1mp. Ten goi uoi-an va tiep au ngt xiclo -C3-C4: the kh -tnc, ts, klg rieng tang theo pt khoi nhe hn nc ko tan trong nc. -p the -p tach -p oxy hoa -p cong m vong.

/c -t dau mo ng -lam nhieu lieu, nguyen dung lieu Hoat ong 2: Gv: hng dan hs hoan thanh cac bai tap trong sgk va cho hs thao luan theo nhom. Sau o c ai dien trnh bay. Bai 1/123 Bai 5/123 Bai 6/ 123 Bai 2/123 Bai 3/123 Bai 5/121 4. dan do: chuan b bai tap phan on tap chng.

Phan tch inh tnh nguyen to, /c & t/c cua metan.
I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - xac nh s co mat cua c,h va halogen trong hchc. -p2 ieu che va tnh chat hoa hoc cua meta 2) K nang: - ren ky nang thc hanh th nghiem vi lng nho hoa chat -quan sat, nhan xet va giai thch. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: * dung cu TN: * hoa chat -ong nghiem, en con, kep, gia - ng C12H22O11, CuO -bo thuy tinh 100 200ml - dd Ca(OH)2 -ong dan kh - CH3COONa, CaO -ong hut nho giot - dd nc brom -nut cao su 1 lo - bong III/ TIEN HANH TH NGHIEM: hoat ong giao vien va hoc phan ghi bang sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: neu nhng tno thc hien trong bai thc hanh, nhng yeu cau can at va cac iem can lu y. Gv: bieu dien cho hs xem cach lap dung cu th nghiem h5.1 va h5.2 SGK. Hoat ong 2: Gv: tn1: xac nh tnh ngto cacbon va hiro. Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat va giai thch hien tng xay ra. *lu y -e nhan biet c H2O : can lam vi ong nghiem sach, kho. -sau khi lam xong tno: phai rut ong nghiem cha dd Ca(OH)2 ra trc sau o mi tac en con. Hoat ong 3:

Tiet 41: BAI THC HANH SO 3

Gv: tn2: ieu che va th tnh chat cua metan. Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng va giai thch. Hoat ong 4: cong viec cuoi buoi. Gv: yeu cau hs don dung cu, hoa chat. -rut kinh nghiem sau buoi tno. - viet tng trnh Stt Ten TN Cach tien hanh Hien tngthch Giai Ptpu

Chng 6: HIDROCACBON KHONG NO Tiet 42: ANKEN (OLEFIN) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - cau tao, danh phap, ong phan, t/c vat ly. 2) K nang:viet c cac ong phan cua anken va goi ten . II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: tranh ve mo hnh p hnh hoc cis trans cua but 2 en. 2> Hs: xem lai bai ankan e so sanh vi anken. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, trc quan, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : Hoat ong giao vien va hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: gii thieu chat n gian nhat cua day anken la CH2 = CH2 (cho Hs xem mo hnh) Hs: nhan xet ve ac iem cau tao cua C2H4, t o neu k/n anken. Gv: t ct va k/n ong ang hs a biet, yeu cau hs. -neu day cua C2H4. -viet CTTQ cua day C2H4. Hs: tra li Hoat ong 2: Gv: tren c s nhng ctct hs a biet, yeu cau hs khai quat ve loai p cau tao cua cac anken. Hs: p mach cacbon, p ve v tr lk oi. Hs: van dung viet cac ctct cua phan ghi bang I.ong ang,ong phan,danh phap: 1.Day ong ang etilen: anken - C H , C H ,C H . 2 4 3 6 4 8 - CTTQ: C H (n 2) n 2n anken: HC ko no mach h co 1 lk oi.

2.ong phan: T C H tr i co 4 10 ong phan mach C va v tr lk oi. vd: Viet cac p cua C4H8 -ong phan mach C va v tr lk oi.

C4H8. Gv gii thieu: Trai vi ankan p/t co the xoay chung quanh truc C C, trong anken ko co chuyen ong quay o nen vi 2 CTCT: cis, trans (dung mo hnh sau: lay vd) R1 R3 C=C R1 R2 va R3 R4 R2 R4 (R: H hoac CnH2n+1-) * Cis-: 2 nhom giong nhau hoac tng t nhau cung pha mat phang lk oi C=C * Trans-: khac pha - viet ctct cua but-2-en di dang cis va dang trans. Hs: nhan xet e rut ra ket luan ve p hnh hoc.

CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH=CH-CH3 CH2=C - CH3 CH3

but -1 en but 2 en metylpropen

-ong phan hnh hoc. Vd: CH3 CH3 CH3 H C=C C=C H H H CH3 cis-but-2-en trans-but-2en

Hoat ong 3: Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk va neu quy tac goi ten, phan biet 2 cach goi ten: theo ten thong thng va ten he thong. Gv: a ra 1 so ctct anken cu the ra yeu cau hs goi ten. Hs: van dung quy tac goi ten 1 so anken Gv lu y: cach anh so th t mach chnh (t pha gan au noi oi hn sau o mi xet ti nhanh).

3.Danh phap : a) Ten thong thng :t ten ankan thay uoi an thanh uoi ilen V du : CH2=CH-CH3 CH2=C-CH3 isobutilen Propilen CH 3 2metylpropen CH2=CH2 etilen b. ten thay the: Ten ankan an + en So ch nhanh ten nhanh ten mach C chnh so ch lk oi en * V du : CH2=CH2 CH2=CH-CH3 Eten Propen
5

CH3-CH2-CH2-C=CH2 2-etylpent-1-en CH2-CH3 CH3

6

Hoat ong 4: Gv: hng dan hs nghien cu sgk va tra li cac cau hoi lien quan en t/c vat ly: trang thai, quy luat bien oi ve tnc, ts, khoi lng rieng, tnh tan. Hs: trnh bay t/c vat ly cua anken. Hoat ong 5 Gv: lien ket noi oi cua

CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2 CH3 5,5-dimetylhex1-en II.Tnh chat vat l: sgk III.Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1.phan ng cong: a.Cong hiro Ni ,t o CnH2n + H2 CnH2n+2 b.cong halogen:

anken kem ben vng nen trong phan ng de b t ra e tao thanh lien ket vi cac nguyen t khac . Gv:phan ng cong vao anken noi rieng va hirocacbon khong no noi chung c xet vi 3 tac nhan : H2 Br2 HX GV: gii thieu c che cong , ieu kien phan ng va goi ten san pham cac vd trong bai bang cach dung cac mo hnh rong, the hien s t gay lien ket , hnh thanh cac sp Gv lam th nghiem : C2H4 + Br2 -Phan ng co xay ra khong ? hien tng g ? viet ptp ? hs: quan sat, nhan xet, da vao phan cong H2, Br2 t o viet ra cac sp tao thanh.

vd: CH2=CH2 + Cl2 ClCH2 - CH2Cl CH3CH=CHCH2CH3 + Br2 CH3 CH CH CH2 - CH3 Br Br -Anken lam mat mau cua dung dch brom dung e nhan biet anken .

IV. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv; cung co lai cach viet ctct va goi ten anken. Bai tap ve nha: 1,2 sgk/132.

Tiet 43: anken (TT) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: HS biet: - phng phap ieu che & ng dung cua naken. 2) K nang: viet cac pthh the hien tnh chat hoa hoc cua anken. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: Ong nghiem, cap ong nghiem, gia , kh c2h4, dd brom, dd kmno4. III/ PHNG PHAP : trc quan, neu van e, am thoai. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: da vao ac iem cau tao pt anken; co 1lk II kem ben, de b phan cat nen t/c hh ac trng cua anken, de tham gia p cong tao hc

no tng ng. Gv: neu van e: p cong anken cung nh hc ko no phai c xet vi 1 so tac nhan. Gv: gii thieu p cong h2 cung k: to ni. Hs: viet pthh etilen vi h2, t o viet cttq anken cong h2. Gv:lam tno dan kh c2h4 qua dd brom. Hs: neu Hoi thao Linux Viet Nam va viet pthh cua p. Gv bo sung: p cong brom cua anken dung e pb anken vi ankan. Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh p cong c2h4 vi hx. Gv: viet pthh va x sp chnh c3h6 vi hbr yeu cau hs xac nh bac ngt c va rut ra quy tac cong maccop-nhi-cop. Hs: van dung quy tac cong e viet ung sp chnh cua p cong anken. Hoat ong 3: Gv: neu van e: cac anken con co the tham gia p cong hp lien tiep vi nhau tao thanh pt co mach rat dai va phan t khi ln. Gv: viet s o va pt p trung hoa etilen. Hs: neu kn va ieu kien cua p trung hp. Gv: bo sung kn mi: polime, monome, he so trung hp, mat xch plime. Hoat ong 4:

Gv: viet ptp chay tong quat, nhan xet t le nco2 va nh2o sau p. Gv: lam tno dan kh c2h4 qua dd kmno4 loang. Hs; quan sat, nhan xet HT. Gv: hng dan hs viet pthh cua p. Gv: lu y: p oxi hoa viet pthh cua p. Gv lu y: p oxi hoa ko hoan toan anken bang dd kmno4 c dung e phan biet ankan vi anken. Hoat ong 5: gv: gii thieu p2 ieu che etilen trong ptno. Hs: nhan xet k p va viet ptp. Gv: lay v du ve p tach h2 t an kan. Hs: khai quat va viet pthh chung. Hoat ong 6: Hs: nghien cu sgk rut ra ng dung c ban cua anken. Gv: bo sung 1 so ng dung khac. IV. Cung co bai nai tap ve nha: Gv: kien thc trong tam can cung co: p cong cua anken. Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5,6 sgk/132.

Tiet 44: anka ien I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - nh ngha, phan loai cua ankaien. -t/c hoa hoc, ieu che, ng dung cua ankaien.

2) K nang: viet c 1so pthh cua cac p lien quan en ankaien. II/ CHUAN B: 1> Gv:giao an, he thong cac bai tap. 2> Hs:xem lai bai anken. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: Trnh bay t/c cua anken, viet ptp minh hoa. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: lay v du 1 so ankaien, yeu cau hs khai quat ct chung va ieu kien cua ch so n. Gv; yeu cau hs viet cac ctct cua ankaien co ctpt c5h8, can c vao v tr gia 2 lk oi hay phan laoi ankaien. Gv; lu y cho hs: trong cac loai ankaien th ankaien co 2 lk = cach nhau 1 lk co nhieu ng dung (bita 1,3 ien, va isopren.) Hoat ong 2: Gv: phan tch ankaien tng t anken tren c s s ptch cau tao cua bita 1,3, ien. Hs: viet cac ptp vi h2, hx Gv: cho biet t le % san pham cong 1,2 va 1,4. Hs: rut ra nhan xet -buta 1,3 ien co kha nang tham gia p cong. to thap u tien tao san pham cong 1,2 va cao u tien tao thanh sp tuan theo quy tac mac-cop-nhi-cop. Hoat ong 3: Gv: yeu cau hs nhac lai kn phan ng trung hp, ieu

kien e co phan ng trung hp. Gv; hng dan hs viet pthh cua p trung hp buta-1,3 ien.] Gv lu y: e co san pham ben th hng trung hp chu yeu la 1,4 khi co xuc tac. Hoat ong 4: Gv: goi 1 hs viet ptp chay. Gv: a ra thong bao Buta-1,3 ien va isopren cung lam mat mau dd kmno4 tng t anken. Hoat ong 5: Gv: neu phng phap ieu che buat-1,3-ien va isopren trong cong nghiep. Hs: viet pt p. Gv: cho hs nghien cu sgk rut ra 1 so ng dung cua ankaien. IV Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co lai kien thc trong tam ve p cong ankaien. Bai tap ve nha: 2,3 sgk/135

Tiet 45: luyen tap: anken & ankaien I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - cung co ve tnh chat hoa hoc cua anken & ankeien. -phan biet ankan, anken, ankeien bang p2 hoa hoc. 2) K nang:ren k nang viet pthh minh hoa t/c hoa hoc anken, ankeien.

II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:bang tom tat kien thc can nh. Bang s o chuyen hoa gia ankan, anken va ankeien. 2> Hs:xem lai bai va giai bai tap. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: trong qua trnh luyen tap. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: hng dan hs ke bang tom tat va yeu cau hs ien vao. -cong thc phan t chung. -ac iem cau tao. -tnh chat hoa hoc ac trng. -s chuyen hoa gia ankan & anken & ankeien. Hs: tra li vao bang. Hoat ong 2: Gv: la chon bai tap trong sgk hoac bai tap t soan bai phu hp vi noi dung kien thc trong tam. Hs: lam viec theo nhom, c ai dien nhom trnh bay. Gv: kiem tra, sa sai va chot kt. Gv: cho hs lam bai 1 sgk/137 Gv: cho hs lam bai 2 sgk/138 Gv: cho hs lam bai 3 sgk/138 Gv: cho hs lam bai 4 sgk/138 Gv: cho hs lam bai 5 sgk/138 Gv: cho hs lam bai 6 sgk/ 138 Gv: cho hs lam bai 7 sgk/138.

Tiet 46: ankin I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - khai niem ankin, ct chung, ong ang, ong phan, danh phap. -tnh chat hoa hoc va ieu che ankin. 2) K nang: -viet cac pthh the hien cac chat. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: - tranh ve mo hnh rong, ac cua c2h2 -hoa chat va dung cu: c2h2, dd agno3, dd nh3, ong nghiem. 2> Hs: xem bai mi. III/ PHNG PHAP : gi m, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: gv: lay v du 1 ankin au day c2h2 . -yeu cau hs thiet lap day . -neu ct phan t chung cua ankin. -neu kn cua ankin. Hs: nhan xet. Ankin la ~ hc mach h co 1 lk = trong pt Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs viet ctct cua cac ankin co ctpt c4h8. -phan loai cac p va viet. Hs: trnh bay. Gv; goi ten theo cach thong thng va IUPAC. Hs: t v du tren rut ra quy tac goi ten. Hoat ong 3: Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk va neu t/c vat ly cua ankin. Hoat ong 4:

Gv: neu van e: t ac iem cau tao cua ankin, hay d oan ve t/c hh cua ankin. Hs: ankin co lk = : gom 1 , 2II lk II kem ben do o de b c. -p cong. -p the (r-c= CH: co H linh ong) Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh phan ng cong cua ankin vi h2, x, hx Hs:trnh bay. Gv lu y cho hs: P cong hx, h2o vao ankin. Hs: ghi nhan Hoat ong 5: Gv: phan tch v tr ngt h lk = c ankin va lam tno dan c2h2 qua dd agno3/nh3. -yeu cau hs quan sat va neu hien tng. -viet pthh. Hs: co mau vang nnat: ag-c=c-ag Gv: nhan xet. P the: r-c= CH vi ahno3/nh3 giup phan biet ank-1-in vi cac ankin . Hoat ong 6: Gv: yeu cau hs viet pt p chay cua ankin bang ct tong quat. Hs: viet pthh Gv: thong bao: tng t nh anken va ankaien th ankin cung lam mat mau dd kmno4. Hoat ong 7: Gv: hng dan hs viet pthh cua p ieu che c2h2 trong ptn va trong cn. Gv: yeu cau hs tm hieu sgk,

rut ra ng dung c ban cua c2h2. Hs: neu ng dung -lam nhien lieu -lam nguyen lieu. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co kien thc trong tam cho hs: p cong, p the. Bai tap ve nha: 2,3,5 sgk/145

Tiet 47: luyen tap: ankin I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: -cung co kien thc ve tnh chat hoa hoc cua ankin -phan biet ankan, anken, ankin bang p2 hoa hoc. 2) K nang: ren luyen k nang viet ong phan, goi ten va viet cac pt hoa hoc minh hoa tnh chat cua ankin. -giai cac bai tap ve hon hp hiocacbon. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:bang tom tat kien thc can nh. 2> Hs: on lai kien thc a hoc. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van de, gi y IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: trong qua trnh luyen tap. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: hng dan hs ke bang tom tat cac kien thc can nh va yeu cau hs. -trnh bay iem giong nhau va khac nhau gia enken va ankin. -ct chung -cau tao. -t/c hoa hoc

-hay bieu dien chuyen hoa lan nhau gia ankan, anken, ankin. Hs: lan lt tra l cac thong tin tren. Hoat ong 2: Gv: hng dan hs gia cac bai tap van dung. Gv: cho hs lam bai 1 sgk/ 147 Gv: cho hs lam bai 2 sgk/147 Gv: cho hs lam bai 3 sgk/ 147 Gv: cho hs lam bai 5 sgk/ 147 Gv: xho hs lam bai 6,7 sgk/147

Tiet 48: thc hanh bai so 4 ieu che & tnh chat cua c2h2, c2h4 I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet kiem chng, cung co cac kien thc ve c2h4 cach ieu che va th tnh chat cua chung. 2) K nang: ren cach ieu che chat kh t chat long. II/ CHUAN B: *dung cu tnoi: Ong nghiem, ong nghiem co nhanh, ong hut nho giot, ong dan kh, ong dan cao su, ong thuy tinh co au vuot nhon, gia tno. Kep ong nghiem, en con, gia e ong n, chau thuy tinh. *hoa chat: C2h5OH khan, a bot, cac2, dd agno3, nh3, h2so4 , dd kmno4. III/ PHNG PHAP : hng dan, gi y. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: neu muc ch cac tno trong bai yeu cau hs can

at c va hay can than khi lam tn vi h2so4 ac va ot kh c2h2, c2h4. Gv: bieu dien cach lap dung cu tno e ot chay c2h2, c2h4. Hoat ong 2: Gv: neu tn1: ieu che va th tnh chat cua c2h4. Gv: hng dan hs quan sat HT va giai thch. Bong tam naoh co td gi lai so2, co2 la ~ sp phu hop tao nen do phan ng cua dde h2so4 vi c2h5 OH. Hoat ong 3: Gv: neu tn2: -yeu cau hs tien hanh tn. -quan sat hien tng va gia thch. Gv: hng dan cho hs trong khi lam tn. Hoat ong 4: Gv: hng dan hs thu don dung cu, hoa chat, ve sinh phong rut kinh nghiem tiet tn. Gv: yeu cau hs viet tng trnh. Stt tn Cach hanh tien Neu hien Giai tng qs &pthh thch

Tiet 49: kiem tra 1 tiet e 2: I/ trac nghiem khach quan: (4) 1c, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5a, 6a, 7d, 8a, 9c, 10a, 11c, 12b, 13c, 14b, 15a, 16a. II/ t luan: (6)

Cau 1: viet s o chuoi bien hoa sau: 1500oC 2 ch4 CH = CH + 3h2 22 To,xt +h2 2CH= CH CH = C-CH = CH2 CH2 = CH-CH= CH2 Pd/pbco3 To,xt,p N CH = CH CH= CH2 (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2) n Cau 2: nhan biet 3 bnh kh mat nhan. -bnh cha kh c2h4 lam mat mau dd br2. CH2 = CH2 + Br2 CH2 Br CH2Br. -bnh kh C2H2 co mau vang nhat khi cho vao agno3/nh3 CH=CH + 2agno3 + 2nh3 agc = agc = cag + 2nh4no3. -con bnh kh con lai: CH4. Cau 3: - goi la anken: CnH2n, Cn+1 H2n+2 -ct chung cua 2 anken: Cn H2n-ta co dcnh2n/h2 = 25.2 => m- cn- h2n- = 2 x 25,2 = 50,4 => 14n- = 50,4 => n- = 3.6 -ma n<n- < n+1 Nen: n= 3, n+1 = 4 a/ ctpt: C3H6, C4H8 b/ CtCt: CH2 = CH-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-CH3, CH3 CH = CH CH3. c/ goi a la so mol C3H6 b la so mol C4H8. Ta co: m- h2 = 42a + 56b = 50,4 A+b => a= 2 b 3 %V C3H6 = % n C3H6 = 2/3b x 100 = 40 % 2/3 b + b % V C4H8 = %n C4H8 = 100% - 40% = 60% e 1: I/ trac nghiem khach quan: (4) Ab, 2a, 3a, 4b, 5a, 6d, 7b, 8a, 9a, 10d, 11b, 12d, 13d, 14c, 15c, 16c. II/ t luan: (6) Cau 1: hoan thanh s o chuyen hoa sau: 1500oC 2CH4 CH = CH 3H2 22 Pd/pbco3 to,ni

CH = CH + H2 CH2 = CH2 + H2 CH3 CH3 + Cl2 C2H5Cl + HCl Cau 2: nhan biet cac bnh kh mat nhan. -bnh kh C2H4: lam mat mau dd nc brom CH2= CH2 + Br2 CH2Br CH2Br. -bnh kh co2: co mau trang khi cho td ca(oh)2. Co2 + ca(oh)2 caco3 + h2o. -bnh con lai la kh CH4. Cau 3: goi 2 HC no, mach h: CnH 2n+2, Cn+1 H2n+4. Ct chung: Cn H2n + 2 n< n< n+1 P chay: Cn H2n+2 + 3n + o2 n co2 + (n-+ 1) h2o -ta co: n Cn h2n+2 = 1,344 = 0,06 mol 22,4 N h2o = 0,19 mol -ta cp1 pt: 0,06 (n-+1) = 0,19 => n = 2,16 => n = 2, n+1 = 3 a/ ctpt: C2H5, C3H8 b/ ctct: CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3. c/ goi : a la so mol cua C2H6 b la so mol cua C3H8 ta co he pt: a + b = 0,06 a = 0,05 3a + 4b = 0,19 => b = 0,01 % V C2H6 = %n C2H6 = 0,05 x 100 = 83,33 % 0,06 % V C3H8 = % n C3H8 = 16,67%

Chng 7: hirocacbon thm nguon hirocacbon thien nhien. He thong hoa hirocacbon. Tiet 50: benzen & ong ang. 1 so hirocacbon thm khac I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet : -cau tao C6H6, ong ang, ong phan, danh phap. -tnh chat vat ly va hoa hoc cua C6H6 va ankylbenzen. 2) K nang: ren viet pthh theo quy tac the nhan C6H6. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:mo hnh phan t C6H6. 2> Hs:on lai tnh chat cua Hc No, HC khong no. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e

IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv neu yeu cau: benzen co ctpt C6H6 la chat au day ong ang. Hay viet ct chung day ong ang cua C6H6. Hs: Cn H2n-6 (n 6) Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat CTCT cua cac hc thm trong bang 7.1 sgk. -rut ra nhan xet ve loai p hct. Hs: phat bieu Gv: yeu cau hs oc ten cac p n gian va cach anh so ngt c cua vong C6H6 sao cho tong ch so trong ten goi la nho nhat. Hs: phat bieu Gv: gii thieu 2 CTCT cua C6H6 Hs: nhan xet rut ra ac iem cau tao cua C6H6. Hoat ong 3: Gv: yeu cau hs oc sgk e biet ve tnh chat vat ly cua hc thm. Hoat ong 4: Gv: hng dan hs phan tch 2 cau tao pt C6H6 va ong ang. Nen co 2 trung tam phan ng la vong C6H6 va mach nhanh. Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh cua phan ng the trc tiep vao vong cua C6H6

va tolum vi Br2 va hno3 Gv: neu them ieu kien: bot fe va h2so4 ac. Hs: nhan xet san pham cua tolum vi Br2 va hno3. t o rur1 ra quy tac the. Gv: gi y hs viet pthh cua p the ngt h cua mach nhanh ankyl benzen tng t ankan. Hs: viet pthh. Hoat ong 5: Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh di s gi y cua gv va lu y ieu kien. Hoat ong 6: Gv: tien hanh tn nh sgk va p oxi hoa ko hoan toan. Hs: quan sat, neu HT cua phan ng viet pthh. Gv: yeu cau hs, viet pthh cua p ot chy HC thm.

Tiet 51: benzen & ong ang. 1 so hirocacbon thm khac (TT) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - ctct cua stiren va naphtalen. -tnh chat hoa hoc cua stiren va naphtalen. 2) K nang:phan biet c benzen, cua C6H6 vi cac hirocacbon thm . II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: lam tn naphtalen thang hoa. 2> Hs: on lai cac kien thc benzen, HC no, HC ko no. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e, gi m. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: neu t/c hoa hoc cua C6H6 va ankyl benzen. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh

Hoat ong 1: Gv: neu cau hoi: stiren co ctpt la C8H8 va co 1 vong benzen, 1 lk oi ngoai vong benzen. Hay viet ctct cua stiren. Hs: viet ctct. Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk e cho biet ve t/c vat l cua stiren. Hs: tra li Hoat ong 2: Gv at cau hoi: em ahy nhan xet ac iem cau tao cua sriren va o d oan t/c hoa hoc cua stiren. Hs: co ac iem phan nhanh giong C2H4 phan vong giong C6H6. nen co t/c hoa hoc va giong anken, giong C6H6. Gv: yeu cau hs viet cac pthh cua stiren vi Br2, h2 va phan ng trung hp. Hs: trnh bay. Gv: thong bao p oxi hoa cua stiren co kha nang lam mat mau dd kmno4 to thng. Hoat ong 3: Gv: a ra ctct vong cua naphtalen va yeu cau hs viet ctpt. Hs: C10H8 Gv: lam tn ve tnh thang hoa naphtalen. Hs: quan sat va nghien cu sgk e rut ra t/c vat l cua C10H8 Hoat ong 4: Gv: da vao ac iem cau tao C10H8 em hay nhan xet ve tinh chat hoa hoc cua naphtalen.

Hs: C10H8 co t/c hoa hoc tng t C6H6. Gv: yeu cau viet pthh ua phan ng the va p cong. Gv gi y: neu la p the th u tien the nao v tr so 1. Neu la p cong th phai theo 2 mc nh stiren. Hs: viet pthh Hoat ong 5: Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk cho biet ng dung naphtalen. Hs: trnh bay. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co kien thc trong tam : t/c cua 1 so hc thm. Bai tap: 6,7,8,9,12,13/ 160 161.

Tiet 52: luyen tap: hirocacbon thm I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: cung co t/c hoa hoc c ban hc thm. -so sanh t/ c hoa hoc cua hc thm vi ankan, anken. 2) K nang:ren viet pthh minh hoa t/c hoa hoc cua hc thm giai bai toan ve hc thm. II/ CHUAN B: 1> Gv: bang phu va giao an. 2> Hs:on tap kien thc trong chng. III/ PHNG PHAP : hng dan, gi y, giai quyet van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: kem theo trong gi luyen tap. 3 tien hanh: hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: yeu cau hs ren luyen

k nang viet ctct va goi ten cac hc thm co ctpt C8H8, C8H10. Hs: trnh bay. Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh. -toluen td Br2 (bot fe), hno3 (h2so4 ). C6H6 vi h2 (to, ni) Sitiren vi dd Br2. Etyl benzen vi cl2 (as), kmno4 (to) Hs: viet pthh va rut ra t/c hh chung cua hc thm. Hoat ong 3: Gv: cho hs giai cac bai tap ve hirocacbon thm, sau o cha bai tap va chot lai kien thc trong tam. Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 2 sgk/ 162 Yeu cau viet ctct cac chat. Xac nh thuoc th nhan biet. Hs: viet pthh. Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 3 sgk/ 162 Yeu cau hs viet s o phan ng viet pthh. Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 4 sgk/ 162 Yeu cau viet pthh dang ctpt. Tm m toluen, m2,4,6 trinolaluen ? Gv :cho hs lam bai tap 5 sgk/ 162

Tiet 53: nguon hiocacbon thien nhien:

I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - thanh phan, tnh chat va tam quan trong cua dau mo kh thien nhien va than mo. Qua trnh chng cat, che hoa dau mo. 2) K nang: che bien hoa hoc cac san pham chng chat theo p2 crackinh, ryominh. II/ CHUAN B: 1> Gv:tranh, anh, t lieu ve san pham t dau mo. 2> Hs:tm hieu cac thong tin lien quan en bai hoc. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk. -ve s ton tai cua dau mo trong t nhien -tui dau la g -ac iem cau tao tui dau? Hs: tra li Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk. -ve tnh chat cua dau mo. -tai sao dau mo lai co mui kho chu va gay hai cho ong c. -tai sao dau mo vn lai thuan li cho viec che hoa va s dung . Hs; tra li. Gv: e khai thac dau mo, ta lam g hien tng nao x co mat dau khi lng dau giam ta lam g. Hs; tra li. Hoat ong 3: Gv: neu van e: dau mo mi lay t gieng len goi

la dau tho, can nang cao gia tr s dung dau mo bang cach nao? Gv:at cau hoi, trong iue kien nao? ng dung cua sp thu c la g. Hs: tra li. Gv: tai sao phai che bien hoa hoc cac phan oan dau mo? Phng phap nao thng dung trong cac gt o ? Hs: viet pthh minh hoa. Hoat ong 4: Gv: ke bang nhng e trong cac phan ghi thong tin. Hs: nghien cu sgk e hoan thanh. Hoat ong 5: Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu sgk. -ng nhan hnh thanh than mo? Co ~ loai than mo nao. -e thu than coc i t ng lieu nao ? ieu kien ra sao ? 4. Cung co bai bai tap: Kh lo coc: h2 cac chat de chay. Tiet 54: he thong hoa ve hirocacbon I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: he thong hoa cac hirocacbon quan trong. 2) K nang: lam c 1 so bai tap ve hirocacbon. II/ CHUAN B: 1> Gv: bang phu tom tat ve 1 so loai hc quan trong. 2> Hs:chuan b kien thc e ton ket ve hc. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: chia bang lam 5 cot nh b 7.2 trong sgk. Gv: yeu cau hs lan lt len bang trnh bay. -ct phan t -ac iem cau tao ngt. -tnh chat vat ly -tnh chat hoa hoc -ng dung. Hs: trnh bay. Gv: treo bang phu a chuan b san e hs so sanh phan lam tren bang vi noi dung trnh bay, bo sung, hoan chnh bang tom tat. Hoat ong 2: Gv: yeu cau hs tm hieu s o moi quan he chuyen hoa gia cac loai hc trong sgk va van dung viet cac pthh minh hoa. Hs: lay v du. Hoat ong 3: Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 3 sgk. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co lai cho hs nam moi lien he va chuyen hoa qua lai gia cac hc. Bai tap ve nha: 2,4,5 sgk/ 172

Chng 8: dan xuat halogen, ancol, phenol. Tiet 55: dan xuat halogen cua hirocacbon. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - khai niem, phan loai dx halogen cua hc. t/c hoa hoc ac trng va ng dung cua 1 so dx halogen. 2) K nang:viet ctct, viet pthh cua dx halogen. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH:

1> Gv:1 so t lieu ve ng dung cua dxhalogen, tn thuy phan C2H5 Br. 2> Hs:he thong hoa cac p cua hc co tao ra hc cha halogen. III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: neu s khac nhau gia ct (a) &(b) H H HCH H (a) HCF Cl

(b) Hs: neu nh ngha: Gv; yeu cau hs lay v du co lien quan en p the halogen, cong halogen va cong hirocacbon. Hs: lay v du. Hoat ong 2: Gv: nh hng cho hs ve s phan loai dx halogen, da vao s thay oi cua goc hc va halogen trong pt. Hs: neu phan loai. Gv: ngi ta con phan loai theo bac cua dx halogen. Hs: van dung e x bac dx halogen. Hoat ong 3: Gv: cho hs oc sgk e tom tat t/c vat ly cua dx halogen. ac trng quan tam en hoat tnh cua chung. Hs: neu t/c vat ly. Hoat ong 4:

Gv: thong bao cho hs biet ve ac iem cau tao, t o hs van dung suy ra t/c hoa hoc. -c c x 6Hs: lk c vi x la lk phan cc v a con c mang 1 phan s+. do ac iiem nay ma pt dx halogen tham gia p the OH bang x, p tach hx. Gv: mo ta th nghiem va thong bao s lc ve c che p the ngt halogen & p tach hx. Hs: viet ptp. Hoat ong 5: Gv: yeu cau hs viet ptp ieu che polime va neu ng dung cua polime o. Hs: t nghien cu cac ng dung. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co ve t/c va phng phap ieu che dx halogen. Bai tap ve nha: 4,5,6 sgk/177.

Tiet 56: ancol I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: nh ngha, phan loai, ong phan. Danh phap, t/c vat ly. 2) K nang:ren cach viet ctct cua ancol va oc ten ancol tng ng. Ren viet ung cong thc ong phan cua ancol. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: mo hnh lap ghep pt ancol e minh hoa n, p, bac cua ancol. Bang to soi cua 1 so chat. 2> Hs:xem bai mi. III/ PHNG PHAP DAY HOC : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu:

3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: cho hs viet ct cua 1 vai ancol. Hs: C2H5 OH, CH2 = CH CH2OH Gv: yeu cau hs nhan xet iem giong nhau ve cau tao pt cua cac ancol tren ? Hs: phat bieu va gv ket luan ve nh ngha cua ancol. Hoat ong 2: Gv: neu van e. -da vao ac iem hc, ancol c chia lam: ancol no, ancol ko no mach h, ancol thm. -da vao so nhom oh trong pt acol n chc, ancol a chc. -da vao bac ancol. Gv: yeu cau hs nghien cu noi dung sgk, cho biet s phan loai ancol. Hs: phat bieu. Gv: cho hs lay v du cho moi loai va tong quat hoa cong thc. Hoat ong 3: Gv: yeu cau hs lien he vi cach viet p cua hc va hng dan hs cach viet ctct cau cac ancol d0p C4H9OH. CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH CH3 CH2 CH CH3 OH CH3 CH CH2 OH. CH3 CH3 CH3 C OH

CH3. Hoat ong 4: Gv: trnh bay quy tac viet ten ancol, roi oc ten mot chat e lam mau. Gv: cho hs van dung oc ten cac chat khac bang 8.1, neu hs oc sai th gv sa. Hoat ong 5: Gv: hng dan hs nghien cu bang 8.2 e tm ng nhan to nc, to soi, o tan trong nc cua ancol eu cao hn so vi cac chat p. Gv: ket luan: do ancol tao c. -lk h2: -anh hng cua lk h2 en tc vat ly. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 1 va bt 7 sgk.

Tiet 57: ancol (TT) I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: tnh chat hoa hoc cua ancol, ieu che, gng dung. 2) K nang:van dung t/c hoa hoc cuya ancol e giai ung bai tap. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:dung cu : cac ong n, gia e ong nghiem, gia th nghiem, kep go. Hoa chat: C2H5 khan, na, H2so4 , CH3cooh ac, dd naoh, cuso4, day cu, glicerol, ancol isoamylic. 2> Hs:xem lai bai tap tiet trc. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh

Hoat ong 1: Gv: cho hs nhac lai ac iem cau tao cua pt ancol, e t o hs co the van dung suy ra tnh chat chung cua ancol. | | s+ ss+ Hs: - c c o h Do co s phan cu cua cac lk. Cac p hh cua ancol xay ra nhom OH p the h cua nhom OIH, p the ca nhom OH, p tach nhom OH cung ngt h trong goc HC. Hoat ong 2: Gv: lam tn na td vi c2h5oh tao ancolat va h2. sau o ot khi` h2 chay vi ngon la xanh m. Hs: quan sat tn va viet pthh. Gv: lam tn bieu dien: glicerol hoa tan c cu(oh)2 va oi chng vi tn c2h5oh ko hoa tan cu(oh)2 Hs: quan sat tn va viet pthh Gv: p nay la dung e nhan biet ancol n chc vi ancol a chc co cac nhom oh canh nhau trong pt. Hoat ong 3: Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh cu c2h5oh vi br2. sau o so sanh vi p hbr vi naoh. Gv: mo ta tn ieu che ietyl ete va viet ptp giai thch. Hs: nam c ban chat s bien oi ancol thanh ete: nhom ro-cua pt nay thay bang nhom oh cua pt kia. Hoat ong 4:

Gv: yeu cau hs viet lai p ieu che c2h4 t c2h5oh. Gv bo sung: nhom oh cua ancol tach ra cung ngt h lk vi ngt c ben canh tao thanh 1lk oi. Hoat ong 5: Gv: mo ta th nghiem c aneht t cuo vi c2h5oh. Viet ptp. Hs: nghien cu sgk biet c ban chat cua s bien oi hchc, ngt h cua nhom oh tach ra cung ngt h lk vi ngt c gan nhom oh tao lk. O C H Gv: lu y cho hs: ve s khac nhau cua sp hc khi oxi hoa ancol b1, b2. Gv: yeu cau hs viet p chay cua ancol va neu ng dung cua no. Hoat ong 6: Gv: yeu cau hs oc sgk va tra li. -co may cach ieu che ? -neu cu the tng p2 ve quy mo ieu che va viet ptp. Gv: cho cac em tm hieu quy trnh sx ru uong trong nha may. Gv: cho hs nghien cu sgk va neu ng dung cua ancol. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cung co lai kien thc tron tam ve tinh chat hoa hoc. Bai tap ve nha: 5,6,7,8,9/ 187

Tiet 58: phenol. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: hs biet: - kn ve loai hp chat phenol, cau tao, t/c phenol n gian . 2) K nang: phan biet phenol vi ancol thm, viet cac pthh cua phenol thm. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv:mo hnh pt ancol. Hoa chatva dung cu: phenol ran, dd phenol bh, dd naoh, na, dd brom, c2h5oh, ong nghiem, ong nho giot, en con, gia tno. III/ PHNG PHAP : am thoai, trc quan, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: neu 1 so th du ve phenol va ko la Oh oh ch2 oh Phenol: oh Gv: em hay cho biet ac iem cau tao pt cua 3 chat tren. Hs: nhan xet va ket hp sgk, t o, gv hng dan e i en nh ngha phenol. Gv: tng t nh ancol, phenol cung phan loai da theo so lng nhom chc oh. Hs: trnh bay phan loai, lay v du . Gv: hng dan hs cach goi ten. Hoat ong 2: Gv: cho hs nghien cu sgk e biet ctct, ctpt cua phenol. Gv: cho hs neu trang thai, mau sac, oc tnh, tnh tan

cua phenol. Hoat ong 3: Gv: cho hs so sanh iem giong va khac ve cau tao cua phenol va ancol, hay d oan t/c hh. Hs: phenol co p the ngt h cua nhom oh. Gv: phenol cung co t/c vong giong benzen nen co p the ngt h cua vong benzen. Gv: yeu cau hs viet pthh cua p phenol vi na. Gv:lam tno phenol tac dung vi dd naoh. Hs: quan sat, neu HT va viet pthh. Gv: tai sao phenol lai tan het trong noah, eu nay cho thay phenol the hien tnh chat g ? Hs: do phenol co tnh axt. Gv: cho hs so sanh p cua phenol vi c2h5oh trong p naoh. T o rut ra nhan xet. Hoat ong 4: Gv: lam tno p phenol vi dd br2, thong bao 2,4,6 tru brom phenol co mau trang va yeu cau hs viet ptp. Hs: tng t viet ptp phenol vi hno3. Gv: cho hs so sanh p cua phenol vi HC thm trong p dd br2 hno3, t o rut ra nhan xet. Hoat ong 5: Gv: hng dan hs nghien cu sgk neu tom tat p2 ieu che. Hs: viet s o phan ng. Hoat ong 6:

Gv: cho hs nghien cu sgk e neu ra ng dung. 4. Cung co bai bai tap ve nha: Gv: cho hs nhac lai t/c cua phenol Bai tap ve nha: 3,4,5 sgk/193.

Tiet 59: luyen tap: dan xuat halogen, ancol, phenol. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: - cung co va he thong lai t/c hh cua dx halogen va 1 so p2 /c. -moi quan he chuyen hoa gia hc va ancol phenol qua dx halogen. 2) K nang: viet pthh bieu dien cac p cua ancol va phenol. Viet pthh cua p chuyen hoa t hc thanh cac dx. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: he thong cau hoi lien quan ket oi hc vi ancol, phenol, dx halogen. 2> Hs: on tap, so sanh etanol vi phenol ve ac iem cau tao & t/c hh. III/ PHNG PHAP : hng dan, thao luan, neu van e. IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: trong qua trnh tong ket. 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: tong ket ve hc bang cach ien vao bang trong theo cac noi dung trong sgk. Thong qua he thong cau hoi a chuan b. Gv: yeu cau hs ien vao cac o con trong, phenol, ancol, dx. -bac cua nhom chc. -the x hoac oh -the h cua oh.

-tach hx hoac h2o -the h cong benzen. -p oxu hoa ko hoan toan. -ieu che. Gv: thong qua bang, giup hs so sanh gia lk dx halogen va ancol ve mat hnh thc p the, tach. Hoat ong 2: Gv: luyen tap ve ong phan, ten goi cua ancol va dx halogen. Gv: yeu cau hs lam bai tap 1sgk. Viet ctct va goi ten cac chat ong phan. Hoat ong 3: Gv: luyen tap ve t/c cua ancol, phenol. Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 2 sgk. Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 3 sgk Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 4 sgk Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 5 sgk Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 6 sgk Gv: cho hs lam bai tap 7 sgk

Tiet 60: thc hanh bai so 3: tnh chat etanol, glyxerol, phenol. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: cung co kt t/c vl va tchh cua c2h5oh, glyxerol, phenol 2) K nang: tiep tuc ren k nang tien hanh tn vi lng nho hoa chat. II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: chuan b dung cu va hoa chat. *dung cu: *hoa chat Ong nghiem, gia e ong nghiem, kep ong tn na, c2h5oh khan, c3h5(oh)3

Nut cao su, ong hut nho giot, en con cuso4 2%, naoh 10% Ong dan TT co au viet nhon c2h5oh, dd brom. Ong nghiem co nhanh. 2> hs: xem lai cac kt co lien quan en bai th nghiem. III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2 Bai tno : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Gv: neu muc ch cua cac tno trong bai, lu y hs can than khi lam tno vi c6h5oh, dd brom. Hoat ong 2: Gv: cho hs tien hanh tn1: etanol tac dung vi na. Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng va giai thch. Gv lu y them. -muon co c2h5oh khan: ta hay c2h5oh 96o hoac 99o them cuso4 khan vao lo co nut kn, e 4-5 gi, gan lay c2h5oh khan lam tno. -lay na vi lng nho. Hoat ong 3: Gv: cho hs tien hanh tn2: Glicerol tac dung vi cu(oh)2. Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng va giai thch. Hoat ong 4: Gv: cho hs tien hanh tn3: Phenol tac dung vi nc brom. Gv: yeu cau hs quan sat hien tng va giai thch. Gv lu y: ko e dnh brom, c6h5oh ra ngi va ao quan. Hoat ong 5:

Gv: cho hs phan biet 3d2 c2h5oh, c6h5oh, c3h5(oh)3 bang p2 hoa hoc. Gv: hng dan hs phan biet cac hoa chat tren bang 2 TT cu(oh)2 va dd brom. Hoat ong 6: Cong viec sau cuoi tiet thc hanh. Gv: nhan xet, anh gia ket qua tiet tno. Hs: thu don va ra dung cu, hoa chat, ve sinh ptn. Gv: yeu cau hs viet tng trnh theo mau.

Tiet 61: kiem tra viet. I/ trac nghiem khach quan: (4) *e 1: 1c, 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6c, 7a, 8d, 9d, 10c, 11b, 12d, 13b, 14a, 15d, 16c. *e 2: 1c, 2c, 3a, 4c, 5a, 6a, 7d, 8c, 9c, 10c, 11d, 12b, 13b, 14b, 15b, 16b. II/ t luan: (6) *e 1: 1/ hoan thanh chuoi bien hoa sau: 1500oC 2ch4 CH = CH + 3h2 Ll 600oC 3CH = CH Bot c Bot fe C6h6 + cl c6h5cl + hcl C6h5 cl + naoh c6h5oh + nacl Oh br oh br + 3br2 br + 3hbr 2. nhan biet: to -toluen lam mat mau kmno4 va co en: ch3 + 2kmno4 cook + 2mno2 + koh.

-acetilen td agno3/nh3 co vang nhat: CH = CH + 2agno3 + 2nh3 agc = cag + 2nh4no3 + h2o. -benzen td hno3/ h2so4: tao chat long mau vang nhat lang xuong. C6h5 + hno3 h2so4 c6h5 no2 + h2o -ancol etylic en ot. to C2h5oh + 3o2 2co2 + 3h2o 3/ bai toan: a/ nh2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1 mol. Cn h2n+1 oh, cn+1 h2n+3 oh ct chung cua 2 ancol: cn h2n+1 oh (n<n-<n+1) cn h2n+1 oh + na cn h2n+1 ona + h2. Theo pt: (14n- + 18) g 0,5 mol Theo e : 10,6 g 0,1 mol => n- = 2,5 ctpt: c2h5oh, c3h7oh b/ x,y la so mol c2h5oh, c3h7oh 46 x + 60y = 10,6 x = 0,1 X + y = 0,2 => y = 0,1 %m c2h5oh = 46 x 0,1 x 100 = 43,4% 10,6 %m c3h7oh = 56,6 % *e 2: 1/ hoan thanh cuoi bien hoa sau: Bot fe C6h6 + br2 c6h5br + hbr To C6h5br + naoh c6h5ona + hbr. C6h6ona + co2 + h2o c6h5oh + nahco3 C6h5oh + 3hno3 3h2o + (no2) c6h2 oh 2.nhan biet: -glicerol td cu(oh)2 tao thanh dd mau xanh lam. I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi :

hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai : I/ MUC TIEU BAI HOC: 1) Kien thc: 2) K nang: II/ CHUAN B CUA GIAO VIEN VA HOC SINH: 1> Gv: 2> Hs: III/ PHNG PHAP : IV/ TIEN TRNH DAY HOC: 1. On nh lp: 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3 Bai mi : hoat ong giao vien va phan ghi bang hoc sinh Hoat ong 1: Hoat ong 2: Hoat ong 3: Hoat ong 4: Hoat ong 5: Hoat ong 6: 4. Cung co bai :