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Presentation On Camless Engine: Suchitra Mishra
Presentation On Camless Engine: Suchitra Mishra
Presentation On Camless Engine: Suchitra Mishra
Suchitra Mishra
Regd No.: 0801211137 B.Tech Mechanical Engineering
The cam is used in the internal combustion engine to operate the valves Cam is the device which converts rotary motion of camshaft to the linear motion of valves The valve mechanism operations consist of cam, tappet, rocker arm, spring and valves
using Hydraulic actuators using Pneumatic actuators using Electromagnetic actuators using Solenoid control actuators using Electro-hydraulic (using piezoelectric) actuators
Hydraulic Actuator
CASE I
When the spool valve translates up, fluid flows through the B port and pressurizes the upper cavity of the cylinder block. This pressurization results in the downward translation of the piston. In turn, the engine valve is being opened as the piston translates down.
Pneumatic actuators
Pneumatic actuators were chosen after running comparison tests among different methods. Pressurized air was chosen due to its low mass, allowing fast response and stability over a broad temperature range. The researchers found that hydraulic systems had sluggish response, especially at low temperatures. The pressurized air was controlled by EM valves. All flow path distances were minimized to increase the response time of the actuator by reducing the volume of air required for actuation. The pressurized air opened the engine valves based on the timed electrical signal input to the Electromagnetic Latch.
Pneumatic actuators
DISADVANTAGES
Contd
A pneumatic system would have to operate at extremely high pressures to help overcome the time delay in building up pressure to move the valve.
The support components (pumps & plumbing for pneumatic) would increase weight and consume more space.
Electromagnetic Actuators
The camshaft of the engine is replaced by electromagnetic actuators for opening and closing each valve independently. The principle of the actuators is based on an oscillating massspring system with two magnetic coils holding the valve alternatively opened and closed .The main components are: the actuators, the Valve Control Unit (VCU), the wiring rail and the Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
The support components would increase weight and consume more space.
This is also known as electromagnetic coil valve actuation system (ECVAS) The system consists of design of :
solenoid sensing wheel and driving electronic circuit
To summarize, circuit get its input from the sensing wheel on which phototransistors and LED are placed. Timing adjustable slots are designed on the sensing wheel, such that the rotation of this wheel gives required crank angles used for valve operations. This wheel is fixed in concurrence with cam wheel. The photo transistors will conduct as light of LED incident on them, thus it will provide a path to relay and hence the voltage is directly provided to electromagnetic valves for operation
ADVANTAGES
Better Fuel Efficiency Higher Output Performance of Engine Reduction of Emission
DISADVANTAGES
Power loss cannot be avoided .
If electric system fails, big problem could occur. Are bulky and consume lot of space. Large winding and heavy current draw.
These are huge 2 stroke Diesel engines with power rating more than 100,000 KW. These engines are running with computer hardware ,controlling both fuel exhaust valve operation and the Cylinder Lubrication. Camless Engines are made by MAN, B&W, Mitsubishi and New Sulzer.