Introduction To Advanced OS

Advanced Operating Systems PG-CSE1-02
AGENDA NEED FOR ADVANCED OS OVERVIEW OF TYPES OF ADVANCED OPERATING SYSTEMS REVIEW OF PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION
Dr.Manali Kshirsagar,YCCE,Nagpur
NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

Traditional OS ran on stand-alone computers with single processors. Considerable advances in Integrated Circuit and computer communication technologies led to unprecedented interest in multicomputer systems

Variety of computer architectures ranging from shared memory multiprocessors to distributed memory distributed systems were introduced. These multicomputer systems were prompted by the need for high-speed computing that conventional single processor systems were unable to provide.

The design of operating systems for these multiprocessor and distributed systems becomes very complex and difficult since there are many idiosyncrasies associated with these systems which are not present in traditional single processor systems.

Due to their relative newness and enormous design complexity, operating systems for these multicomputers are referred to as Advanced or Modern operating systems.

An advanced operating system not only harnesses the power of a multicomputer system but also provides a high level coherent view of the system. Due to advanced OS, a user views a multicomputer system as a single monolithic powerful machine.

TYPES OF ADVANCED OPERATING SYSTEMS Advanced operating systems
Architecture driven
Application driven
Distributed OS
Multiprocessor OS
Database OS
Real-time OS

The design of advanced operating systems has been driven by the following factors : Advances in the architecture of multicomputer systems, evolution of wide variety of high-speed architectures. Examples are multiprocessor systems and distributed computing systems.

Several important applications namely database systems, real time systems , graphics systems, surveillance, process control etc. require special operating system support for efficiency which cannot be provided by general purpose OS.
Distributed Operating Systems

Distributed OS are the OS for a network of autonomous computers connected by a communication network
Distributed Operating Systems

Distributed OS controls and manages the hardware and software resources of distributed system and provides the view of the entire system as a monolithic computer system When a program is executed in a distributed system, the user is not aware of where the program is executed or of the location of the resources accessed
Basic design issues of a distributed OS

Process synchronization Deadlocks Scheduling File Systems Inter process communication Memory and buffer management Failure recovery etc.
Idiosyncrasies of a distributed systems

Lack of both shared memory and a physical global clock Unpredictable communication delays
Multiprocessor Operating Systems

A multiprocessor system consists of a set of processors that share a set of physical memory blocks over an interconnection network Thus, it is a tightly coupled system where processors share an address space
Multiprocessor Operating Systems

A multiprocessor OS controls and manages the hardware and software resources such that users view the entire system as a powerful uniprocessor system A user is not aware of the presence of multiple processors and the interconnection network
Basic design issues of a Multiprocessor OS

Same as in a traditional operating system
Idiosyncrasies of a multiprocessor system

The issues of process synchronization , task scheduling, memory management and protection and security become more complex because the main memory is shared by many physical processors
Database Operating Systems

A database operating system must support : the concept of transaction operations to store, retrieve and manipulate a large volume of data efficiently primitives for concurrency control system failure recovery buffer management scheme for storing temporary data and data retrieved from secondary storage
Idiosyncrasies of a database operating system

Concurrency control is the most challenging problem in the design of the database operating system
Real-time Operating Systems
Jobs have completion deadlines in RTOS A job should be completed before its deadline to be of use(in soft real-time systems) Or to avert a disaster (in hard real time systems)
Idiosyncrasies of a real-time operating system

The major issue in the design of real time operating systems is the scheduling of jobs in such a way that a maximum number of jobs satisfy their deadlines The other issues include designing languages and primitives to effectively prepare and execute a job schedule
OVERVIEW OF PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION MECHANISMS

Process a program in execution means a program whose execution has started but is yet not complete Basic states of a process running, ready, blocked Running processor is executing the instructions of the corresponding process
OVERVIEW OF PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION MECHANISMS Ready- the process is ready to be executed, but processor is not available for the execution of this process Blocked the process is waiting for an event to occur e.g. I/O operation waiting to be completed, memory to be made available, a message to be received etc.
OVERVIEW OF PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION MECHANISMS

A data structure called as PCB stores complete information about a process such as its ID, process state, priority, privileges, virtual memory address translation maps etc. Operations such as create, kill, signal, suspend, schedule, change-priority, resume etc . can be performed on process
Types of processes
Independent Cooperating Process synchronization is required when processes interact with each other Process synchronization is normally achieved by regulating the flow of execution of a process
Types of processes
Concurrent and Serial processes Two processes are concurrent if their execution can overlap in time i.e. if the execution of the second process starts before the first process completes. Two processes are serial if the execution of one must be completed before the execution of the other can start.
Types of processes
Concurrent processes generally interact through either of the following mechanisms : Shared Variables : The processes access(read or write) a common variable or common data. Message Passing: The processes exchange information with each other by sending and receiving messages.

Introduction To Advanced OS

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Introduction To Advanced OS

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Advanced Operating Systems PG-CSE1-02

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

NEED FOR ADVANCED OS

Distributed Operating Systems

Distributed Operating Systems

Basic design issues of a distributed OS

Idiosyncrasies of a distributed systems

Multiprocessor Operating Systems

Multiprocessor Operating Systems

Basic design issues of a Multiprocessor OS

Idiosyncrasies of a multiprocessor system

Database Operating Systems

Idiosyncrasies of a database operating system

Real-time Operating Systems

Idiosyncrasies of a real-time operating system

OVERVIEW OF PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION MECHANISMS

OVERVIEW OF PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION MECHANISMS

You might also like