NETWORK TOPOLOGY

PRESENTED BY UGWUANYI TOCHUKWU O. & ELEKWA JOHN OKORIE ESUT/2007/88422

SEPTEMBER 2012

CONTENTS
Introduction

to network topology Basic categories of network topologies Types of topology Conclusion

INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Network topology is the arrangement of the various elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a computer or biological network. Essentially, it is the topological structure of a network, and may be depicted physically or logically. A good example is a local area network (LAN): Any given node in the LAN has one or more physical links to other devices in the network; graphically mapping these links results in a geometric shape that can be used to describe the physical topology of the network. Conversely, mapping the data flow between the components determines the logical topology of the network.

Basic categories of network topologies

PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY

PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY:- THE PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY OF A

NETWORK REFERS TO THE LAYOUT OF CABLES, COMPUTERS AND OTHER PERIPHERALS.

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY:- LOGICAL TOPOLOGY IS THE

METHOD USED TO PASS THE INFORMATION BETWEEN THE COMPUTERS

Types of topology
Point to point

Bus Ring

Star

Mesh Daisy chain

Hybrid

Tree

SUMMARY
RING TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring.

ADVANTAGE Data is quickly transferred without a bottle neck. The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.

DISADVANTAGE Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this makes it slower. If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully. It is difficult to troubleshoot the ring.

SUMMARY
TREE TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION In a Tree network all computers are connected in a hierarchal fashion.

ADVANTAGE Point-to-point wiring for individual segments. Functional grouping can be created. .

DISADVANTAGE Overall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used.

If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down. More difficult to configure and wire than other topologies.

SUMMARY
STAR TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION All devices connect to a central device, called hub.

ADVANTAGE Easy to install and wire. Security can be implemented in the hub/switch. Easy to detect faults and to remove parts

DISADVANTAGE Requires more cable length than a linear topology. If the hub or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled. More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of the concentrators.

SUMMARY
BUS TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION All computers and devices connected to central cable

ADVANTAGE Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus. Requires less cable length than a star topology.

DISADVANTAGE Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable. Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.

Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.

SUMMARY
MESH TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION Each node is connected to every other node

ADVANTAGE Improves Fault Tolerance . Expansion and modification in topology can be done without disrupting other nodes.

DISADVANTAGE 1) Expensive..

2) Difficult to install

3) Difficult to manage 4) High chances of redundancy in many of the network connections

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION
The physical fully connected mesh topology is generally too costly and complex for practical networks, although the topology is used when there are only a small number of nodes to be interconnected.

END OF PRESENTATION
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