Communication Process

Asian School of Business Management

Prof.Ashish Mohanty
amohanty_7@rediffmail.com

INTERPERSONAL
OR INTERACTIONAL MODEL

COMPOSITE MODEL (Relationship) Dimensions: a. Attraction b. Dominance c. Involvement d. Time e. Situation

Types of Communication
- Personal or intrapersonal communication - Interpersonal communication - Organizational communication - Social communication - Transformational communication

Process of Communication
o o o o o o o o o Communication process comprises the following elements: The sender The sender has an idea The sender encodes the idea into a message The message travels through the channel Noise in the transmission process The receiver decodes the message The receiver provides the feedback The frame of reference of the sender and receiver The context of the receiver

COMMUNICATION PROCESS
MESSAGE TRANSMITTER

RECEIVER

COMMUNICATION PROCESS

CHANNEL

SYMBOLS

MESSAGE

SENDER

SYMBOLS

RECEIVING

SPEAKING

WORDS

LISTENING

DRAWING

ACTIONS

OBSERVING

ACTING

NUMBERS

READING

WRITING

PICTURES

COMMUNICATION NETWORKS IN AN ORGANISATION

Communication networks refer to regular patterns of interaction among people and a systematic flow of information. The two kinds of networks that exist are:
FORMAL NETWORK OF COMMUNICATION INFORMAL NETWORK OF COMMUNICATION

Classification of Formal Communication

A. According to the Organizational Structure - Formal & Informal Communication

B. According to the Direction of Flow - Downward, Upward and Horizontal ,Lateral Communication or Diagonal

C. According to the way of expression - Oral or Verbal and Written or Black and White Communication

Characteristics of Formal Communication

- Objectives - Well defined - Authority - Fixed Channel - Delay - Correct Information - Job Specification - Relationships

Downward Communication
-

Purpose of Downward Communication: To provide specific task directives or instructions. To provide information which provides understanding of the job. To provide information about organisational policies, procedures and practices. To provide feedback on performance to the subordinates.

What should be Communicated Down

1. Subordinates needs and wants
2. Employment Conditions 3. Organisational Policies 4. Feedback

Limitations of Downward Communication

Filtration of messages Lack of face-to-face Interaction Misunderstandings and Confusion Lack of trust and confidence Timing

Purpose of Upward Communication

- It meets a two-way communication. - Feedback on information is possible. - It acts as a check for individual achievements. - To create a feeling of belonging through participation.

What should be communicated Up

1. About the emloyees, whether they are satisfied with their pay in relations to the job. 2. About their training, promotions and other benefits. 3. About the matters of complaints, suggestions, etc. 4. About their working hours and shifts, etc. 5. About companys future, competition and prospects.

Limitations of Upward Communication

Fear Distrust of Superiors Fear of criticism Long chain of command Non-listening attitude Self-esteem and Ego. Status

Purpose of Lateral Communication

- To bring about task of co-ordination among peers.
- Improves departmental coordination.

- Helps to solve problems.

Limitations of Lateral Communication

- Leads to disruption.
- Creates conflicts.

Diagonal Communication
Diagonal Communication provides a line or route for conveying information in the organisation among various levels. It travels from subordinates to superiors and between persons at different levels.

Informal Communication (Grapevine)

The informal communication network is also labelled as grapevine. Shared personal experiences, career interests, interpersonal attraction, curiosity about people, things happening within the organisation, and social interaction are reasons behind its existence.

Conclusion
Business Communication must satisfy the requirements of the S-M-A-R-T formula where: S stands for: soft, sweet and specific. M stands for: measured (brief) yet motivating. A stands for: adequately attractive to absorb attention. R stands for: responsive and responsible. T stands for: timely and to-the-point.

Thanks for your time! And

YOUR thoughts experiences questions
amohanty_7@rediffmail.com 8895730989