MOUTH AND ORAL CAVITY

DR. SARWAR QURESHI

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of class student must know the location of

ORAL CAVITY. Boundaries Contents Vestibule Lips Cheeks

 Mouth is for eating, talking and sometimes it acts

as an emergency air way in dyspnea . Tongue is for grasping of food, mastication, swallowing and also helps in articulation of speech.
Oral cavity (Outer) smaller portion vestibule

(Inner) larger portion oral cavity proper.

 Vestibule
Externally by lips and cheeks.

Internally by gums and teeth Just a small narrow space, commu-nicates externally through oral fissure . Communicates freely with oral cavity when the mouth is opened and when it is closed it communicates through a small opening behind the 3rd molar tooth.

 Structures in vestibule

Parotid duct , Buccal and labial glands in submucosa of lips opens in vestibule, vestibule is lined by mucous membrane except teeth.
:

.
Lips
Fleshy folds of skin and mucous membrane

(external and internal respectively)

. They close around mucocutaneous junction Skin, superficial fascia, orbucularis oris, submucosa, labial glands and vessels are the

components of lips.

 Frenulum Support the inner surface of each lip. Philtrum

Is median groove on the outer surface of lip.

 Nerve Supply Superior labial branches of infra orbital nerve

(upper lip) Mental branch of mandibular division of Trigiminal nerve(lower lip) Lymph nodes Submental and submandibular lymph nodes Blood Supply Superior and Inferior labial branches of Facial artery .

 Cheeks
fleshy flaps forming the sides of face. Composed

of skin, superficial fascia containing zygomaticus major, risorus, parotid duct, molar glands and vessels. Buccinator covered by buccoph fascia and pierced by parotid duct.

 Submucosa with mucosal buccal glands.

Mucous membrane linning the cheek is

reflected on gums and is continuous with mucous membrane of soft palate. Lymph nodes: Buccal, mandibular, submandibular and pre auricular nodes drain that.

GUMS AND ORAL CAVITY PROPER:

Gums are soft tissues which envelop the alveolar

process of upper and lower jaw and surround the neck of teeth. They are dense and covered by St.Sq. epi.

 Gums has two parts.

Free surrounds the neck of teeth, fixed

part surrounds the alveolar arch of jaw. Upper gums are drained by submandibular nodes. Lower gums are drained by submental (anterior) and submandibular (posterior

 Oral cavity proper:

Anterolateral, Teeth, gums, cheeks and alveolar

arches of jaws. Roof Hard and Soft palates. Floor Tongue posteriorly and presents the sublingual region anteriorly below the tip of tongue.

 Posteriorly

communicates with pharynx through

oropharyngeal isthmus.

Inferiorly

Tongue Sides: palatoglossal arches.

1.

Sublingual region:
It is the region below tongue.
Frenulum of tongue is in median region. Opening of submandibular duct on the sides of frenulum. Subligual fold overlying the sublingual gland, runs laterally, and back wards from the S/L papilla.

2.
3.

 Hard Palate:

It is a partition between nasal and oral cavities forming the roof of mouth. It consists of two regions, hard palate infront and soft palate behind. Formation :Anterior 2/3rd by palatine process of maxilla. Posterior 1/3rd: horizontal plates of palatine bones.

 Features:
Anterior

lateral alveolar arches of gums Posterior continuous with soft palate Superior floor of nose lined by col.cil.epithelium. Inferior roof of oral cavity.

 Hard palate is covered by periostium, dense fibrous

tissue mucous membrane lined by St. Sq. Ep. (Ker.) and numerous mucous palatine glands in the posterior part of its submocusa .

 Arteries: Greater palatine branch of

maxillary artery. Veins: Pterygoid plexus of veins. Nerves: Greater palatine and nasopalatine of pterygopalatine ganglion. Lymphatics: upper deep cervical and retropharyngeal lymph nodes.