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What Is Science?
What Is Science?
What Is Science?
What is Science?
Science
The study of natural phenomena
Fall of a ball to the Growth of human from groundinto an adult after being a baby ofof ice Eclipseinto the air Melting rainbow Formation of the Sun thrown
2 Physics
3 Chemistry 4 Geology
5 Astronomy
6 Meteorology
2. A Science Laboratory
Hazard Symbols
Hazard Symbols
Symbol and meaning Examples
Phosphorus
Highly flammable
Alcohol / Ethanol
Sodium Potassium Hydrogen
Explosive
Hazard Symbols
Symbol and meaning Examples
Ammonia Chlorine
Harmful / Irritant
Chlorofom
Mercury Lead
Sodium cyanide
Hydrogen sulphide
Toxic / Poisonous
Bromine
Hazard Symbols
Symbol and meaning
5
Examples
Sodium hydroxide Hydrogen peroxide Concentrated acids & alkalis Uranium Radium Thorium
Corrosive
6
Radioactive
Plutonium
CONTAINER
For contain To heating To hold To filter mixtures test and tubes chemicals of solidsgas liquids
To provide aexcess for during To conduct apparatus heating To support flame heat away To hold hot objects heating
For apparatus from a To hold the stirringwhile To transfer smallliquid For evaporating quantities of experiments are being done
liquids solution liquids
Pipette Thermometer
measure temperature To measureelectric To measure the volume of solutions accurately To current time measure
Suction pump
BUNSEN BURNER
Barrel Collar
Air-hole
Gas inlet
Base
BUNSEN BURNER
BUNSEN BURNER
1 2
Close the air hole by turning the collar Light a match and bring it near the barrel
3 4
3.
Symbol of unit
m kg s
Temperature
kelvin
K
A
Physical quantity
Measured by using
1. Length 2. Mass
A metre rule
Beam balance
Electronic balance
Lever balance
3. Time
A stop watch
4. Temperature
5. Electric current
A thermometer
An ammeter
PREFIXES
Prefix kilocentimilliSymbol k c m Value of prefix 1000 1 100 1 1000
WEIGHT IS NOT 3. Measured by using a 3. Measured by using a THE SAME AS MASS spring balance or a lever balance or a tripleanywhere
beam balance
4. Measured in kilograms compression balance
4. Measured in newtons
Spring balance
Compression balance
Lever balance
Beam balance
Electronic balance
Weight Mass 1 kg 60 kg
Earth Moon Outer space
10 N 600 N
60 kg
10/6 N 100 N
60 kg
0N
0N
60 kg
1 kg = 1 x ( gravity = 10 ) = 10 N
Lever balance
Beam balance
Lever balance
6. Measuring Tools
Measurement of Length
to measure the length of short straight line to measure the length of long straight line
Measurement of Length
5. External callipers
6. Internal callipers
Measurement of Length
External diameter = 2.2 cm Internal diameter = 2.1 cm Thickness of the beaker = External diameter Internal diameter
2
= 0.1 = 0.05 cm 2
Measurement of Area
PMR 2008