THE ULTIMATE IN PERFORMANCE AND COMFORT

Done by: Pallav Sharma 117/09 GCET JAMMU

 Introduction Principle Why How How

of operation

nitro shock absorber foaming affects

it works
different designs

Analysing

Shock absorber is an asssembly mainly to control spring and suspension movement. It is basically a hydraulic damping mechanism for controlling spring vibrations. They isolate the spring vibrations by absorbing some disturbing energy themselves and their performance directly affects the comfortability, dynamic load of the wheel.

 It controls spring movements in both directions: when the spring is compressed and when it is extended, the amount of resistance needed in each direction is determined by the type of vehicle, the type of suspension.

Spring

Schematic Diagram of the Interior of a Shock Absorber

 The

damping mechanism of a shock absorber is viscous damping. So fluids viscosity plays an important role in its effectiveness.

The damping force is opposite to the direction of velocity and the orifice size

Springs alone cannot provide a satisfactorily smooth ride. Oscillating motion of the spring causes the wheel to rebound or bounce up and down as bump is encountered. Shock absorbers prevent these spring Oscillations. Conventional type of shock absorbers has the drawback as it causes foaming of the fluid.

 Foaming

is fundamental root problem of air contamination . is characterised by the formation of relatively large air bubbles on the surface of fluid.

Foaming

Causing

factors are suddenly falling pressure or rising temperature,viscosity of the working fluid.

 Entertained

bubble formation can increase the compressibility of fluid and affect its hydraulic control mechanisms.
affects performance because it can be compressed while fluid cannot.

Foam

 It

like spring also has two cycles-compression and Extension cycle. Compression cycle During the compression stroke or downward movement, some fluid flows through the piston from chamber B to chamber A and some through the compression valve into the reserve tube.

Extension cycle As the piston and rod move upward toward the top of the pressure tube,the volume of chamber A is reduced and thus is at a higher pressure than chamber B. Because of this higher pressure, fluid flows down through the piston's 3-stage extension valve into chamber B. Fluid then flows from the reserve tube into chamber B, keeping the pressure tube full.

 The

shock absorber designs commonly in use today are : Gas Charged Twin Tube Designs

Mono-Tube Designs.

 The

twin tube design has an inner tube known as the working or pressure tube and an outer tube known as the reserve tube.

 Rod

Guide: The rod guide keeps the rod in line with the pressure tube and allows the piston to move freely in. Seal: The seal keeps the hydraulic oil inside and contamination out. Compression valve: The base valve located at the bottom of the pressure tube is called a compression valve. It controls fluid movement during the compression cycle.

The design of twin tube gas charged shock absorbers solves many of today's ride control problems by adding a low pressure charge of nitrogen gas in the reserve tube. The pressure of the nitrogen in the reserve tube varies from 100 to 150 psi, depending on the amount of fluid in the reserve tube. The gas serves several important functions to improve the ride control characteristics of a shock.

The prime function of gas charging is to minimize aeration of the hydraulic fluid

 Improves Reduces

handling by reducing roll, sway and dive

aeration offering a greater range of control over a wider variety of road conditions as compared to non-gas units fade - shocks can lose damping capability as they heat up during use. Gas charged shocks could cut this loss of performance, called fade

Reduced

Disadvantages:
Can only be mounted in one direction

Current Uses:
Original equipment on many domestic passenger car, SUV and light truck applications

 These

are high-pressure gas shocks with only one tube, the pressure tube. Inside the pressure tube there are two pistons: a dividing piston and a working piston.

The pressure tube of the monotube design is larger than a twin tube design.

The working piston and rod are very similar to the twin tube shock design. The difference in actual application is that a mono-tube shock absorber can be mounted upside down or right side up and will work either way. A free-floating dividing piston travels in the lower end of the pressure tube, separating the gas charge and the oil.

 The

area below the dividing piston is pressurized to about 360 psi with nitrogen gas. This high gas pressure helps support some of the vehicle's weight.
operation, the dividing piston moves up and down as the piston rod moves in and out of the shock absorber, keeping the pressure tube full all times.

During

 Can

be mounted upside down, reducing the unsprung weight. Mono-tube shocks are a significant component, along with the spring, in supporting vehicle weight.

Disadvantages

A dent in the pressure tube will destroy the unit.

 In

the current scenario of automobile industry the need for vehicles which provides smooth and comfort ride is growing. Nitro shock absorbers are designed to be ultimate in performance and comfort. In a country like ours whose roads are not up to world standards the need for automotive components like nitro shocks are necessary. It goes without saying that if the right choice is made the improvements in vehicles ride and handling can be shocking.