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Secondary Storage
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Competencies
Different types of media Floppy disks

Hard disks
Performance enhancements Optical disks Specialized media

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Secondary Storage

Stores information Non-volatile, permanent storage

Characteristics

Media Capacity Access time

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Types of Storage Media

Types widely used today

Floppy disks Hard disks Optical disks

Magnetic tape

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Floppy Disks

Portable and removable Flat circular Mylar media Magnetic charge on metal oxide film coating Standard 2HD 1.44 MB Parts Tracks Sectors
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High Capacity Floppy Disks

Floppy disk cartridges

Zip Disks

250 MB

SuperDisks

120 MB

HiFD disks

200 MB
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Hard Disks

Metallic disks Fast retrieval, greater capacity Read/write heads ride cushion of air .000001 thick

Three types

Internal hard disk Hard-disk cartridge Hard-disk pack

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ESSENTIALS

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Internal Hard Disk

Inside system unit Non-removable or portable Great capacity

Over 100 Gigabytes

Fast access speed

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ESSENTIALS

Hard-disk Cartridges

Portable, removable Complement internal hard drive

JAZ from Iomega

SPARQ from SyQuest

Laptop computers
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PC Card Hard Disks

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Hard-disk Packs

Used in mainframes Removable

Resemble stack of vinyl records

Multiple read/write heads

Massive storage capacity Fast access time
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Performance Enhancements

Improving performance of hard disks

Disk caching Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)

File compression and decompression

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Optical Disks

Very large capacity Up to 17 gigabytes Use reflected light projected by a laser Lands and Pits represent 1s and 0s Formats Compact Disk (CD) Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) DataPlay
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Compact Disks

Widely used format today Can store from 650 MB to 1 GB Rotational speed = data transfer time Types of CDs CD-ROM CD-R CD-RW
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CD-ROM

Compact Disc-Read Only Memory

Cannot be written to or erased

Similar to commercial music CDs Used often to distribute large databases or references

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CD-R & CD-RW

CD-Recordable

Written to once Custom made music CDs

CD-ReWritable

Erasable CD Ideal for multimedia presentations

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DVD

Digital Versatile Disk Rapidly replacing CDs

Higher capacity 17 times the capacity of a CD

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DVD Types

DVD types DVD-ROM Read only memory DVD-R Recordable DVD-RAM or DVD-RW Competing rewritable formats

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DataPlay

Optical write-once format Similar to CD-R Size of a quarter Used for special applications

Storing digital photographs Storing music for portable players

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Other Secondary Storage Types

Complement other secondary storage devices

Specialized device types

Magnetic tape Internet hard drives Solid state storage

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Magnetic Tape

Sequential access Commonly used for backing-up data

Very large capacity

Types of magnetic tape

Tape cartridges Magnetic tape reels

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Magnetic Tape Types

Tape cartridges

Backup tape for microcomputer

Capacities range from 120 MB to 5 GB Digital audio tape (DAT) Tape reels Minicomputer and mainframe

1/2 inch wide and 1/2 mile long

Stores 1600 to 6400 cpi

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Internet Hard Drive and Solid State

Internet hard drive Free or low-cost storage on the Web Access information from any location Access time is greater Solid-state storage No moving parts Flash memory cards
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A Look to the Future

Blue laser light optical devices Aimed more accurately Can increase storage capacity to 27 GB per standard optical disk New players will likely play both

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