NAME ROLL NO COURSE BATCH

: SHAMEEM BEGUM : 06 : M.ED : 2012-2013

 INTRODUCTION MEANING

OF DEVELOPMENT DEFINITION OF DEVELOPMENT DISTINCTION BETWEEN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DIFFERENT STAGES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT STAGES EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS SIGNIFICANT KNOWLEDGE OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SUMMARY

Growth and development begins at birth and ends at death.

The term growth and development both refers to dynamic process. An individual passes through several stages of development before reaching adulthood.

 The

term development implies change in shape, form or structure so as to improve the functioning of the individual. Development involves a series of progressive orderly and meaningful change. Development is a continuous process.

 According

to E.B. Hurlock, Development means a progressive series of change that occur in an orderly predictable pattern as a result of maturation and experience.

Spiritual development Social development

Vocational development Aesthetic appreciation development

Physical and motor development

Development of the whole child

Intellectual development

Language development

Emotional development

Creative expression development

Growth

Development

Refer to an increase in size, length, height, and weight. One of the parts of development. Changes that take place in a particular aspect of the body It stops when maturity is attained

Refer to overall changes in the quality of character. It includes growth also. Refers to the changes in the individual as a whole. It is continuous process.(womb to tomb)

 Development

in one aspect of the child leads to the development in other aspects as well. All the aspects of development are interrelated and interdependent.

cognitive social

emotional

Development of the child

language

physical

motor

AGE GROUP
BIRTH TO 2 YEARS 2 YEARS TO 6 YEARS

STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
INFANCY EARLY CHILDHOOD

SCHOOLING AGE
---

PRE PRIMARY (KINDERGARTEN)

6 YEARS TO 12 YEARS
12 YEARS TO 18 YEARS ABOVE 18 YEARS

LATER CHILDHOOD
ADOLESCENCE ADULTHOOD

PRIMARY (ELEMENTARY)
SECONDARY AND SENIOR SECONDARY ---

CHARACTERISTICS:
The

period is marked by rapid physical growth. The infant adjusts to the totally new environment and learn to be self dependent.

Emotional development:
He depends upon her mother in all matters and needs constant attention.

Social and Moral development:

Mother is the first and best friend and socializer. At the end it begins to establish contact with other family member

Language development:
It begins with birth cry He uses 3-4 words by the end of first year.

Physical and motor develoment: The bodily functions tend to become stable and Controlled.

Intellectual development:
Rapid

improvement in the structure and function of the sensory organs. Gradual improvement in the coordination and control of bodily movements.

Educational implications:
The parents should provide the child nutritious food and also stimulating environment. The environment in the family should be of affection and love. Freedom should be given in his movements.

Characteristics: He develops the instinct of curiosity.

It

referred as the toy age.

This

stage play significant role in the development of character and personality.

Emotional development:
His emotion are spontaneous and expresses them freely. The most primitive sentiment is his for his own self.

Social development:
He obtains a complex social behaviour characterised by co-operation, sympathy, social approval, bullying, teasing, quarrelling and rivalry.

Physical and motor development: Rapid maturation and increased rate of development leads to intense and prolonged play activities Language development: Rapid increase in vocabulary

Intellectual development:

The child has got varied experiences connected with his immediate environment.
He learns reading and writing through play activities.

Educational implications Provision of healthy environment. Rational treatment Satisfaction of curiosity Learning by doing Dynamic methods of teaching Play way spirit should permeates all learning activities

Characteristics: Psychologists call this elementary school age as gang age. This stage is marked by slow and uniform growth. Gains maturity in all physical and mental sphere

Emotional development : The child learns control emotional expression in social Situation. The child experiences more frustration and jealousy is Intensified. He likes to have the company of his own sex.

Physical and motor development: Improvement in motor development, skills and endurance. Social and moral development: Development of social traits like cooperation and team spirit. Social development takes place mostly at the play field.

Intellectual development : The child develops powers of observation, attention, reasoning and abstract thinking. He learns 3Rs ; reading, writing, and arithmetic.

Educational implications
Childs

individuality should be respected. It should be kept in mind that each child is unique. Co-curricular activities should be organised. Group competition may be arranged. Games should be regularly organised. Creative talent should be developed.

Characteristics: Period from onset of puberty to the age of maturity. Rapid physical and biological changes which may lead to confusion, frustration and feelings of insecurity. Period of transition.

Physical and motor development: Physical development reaches it peak and body acquires its final shape. Distinct change in voice occur among both the sexes. Both boys and girls attain all the sex characteristics during this period.

 Emotional

development: Period of stress and strain. This period is marked for heightening of emotions like anxiety, fear, love, anger, etc. Self consciousness social respect and pride will be too strong.

Intellectual development It reaches its climax. Intellectual powers like critical thinking, logical thinking and abstract reasoning develops. Problem solving and fine imagination develop.

Social and moral development: Increased influence of peer group. They develop a philosophy of life regarding values, beliefs, activities and conduct. The moral concepts become internalised. They develops the ability to differentiate what is good and what is bad.

 It

would enable teacher to know pattern of development is normal or not.

student need special guidance.

When To

adjust the teaching learning process according to the need and interests of the students.

 An

individual grows and develops from infancy to adulthood. The term growth and development are used interchangeably but there is a slight distinction between them. Various aspects of growth and development is interrelated and interdependent. Every stage of human development is characteristics named stage specific characteristics. The teacher has to play a substantial role in helping the children in their proper growth and development

 What

are difference between growth and development. What are different stages of human development? What are specific characteristics of infancy? What are educational implications of early And late childhood? What are the specific characteristics of of adolescent?

 Advanced

educational psychology : S.Dandapaani Essentials of educational psychology : S K Mangal