Grammar 1.

Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

FORM Affirmative (Potvrdni oblik) se tvori od prezenta pom.glagola HAVE ili HAS (3rd person singular) + particip proli glavnog glagola: I have (Ive) been to Turkey before. He has (Hes) had this car for years. We have (Weve) seen him earlier.

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

Negative (Odrini oblik) se tvori od pomonog glagola HAVE ili HAS + NOT + particip proli glavnog glagola HAVE NOT = HAVENT HAS NOT = HASNT They have not (havent) fed the monkeys. She has not (hasnt) eaten anything yet. I have not (havent) seen him for ages.

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

Questions (Pitanja) tvorimo inverzijom, tj. zamjenom mjesta pom.glagola i subjekta: Have you heard about Susan? No, I havent. Has he told you the news? Yes, he has. Have they seen the play yet? No, they havent.

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

USE 1. Da govorimo o prolim radnjama ili dogaajima koji imaju rezultate ili posljedice sada:

The manager has gone out. (he is still not here now). Ive cut my finger. (I did it some time ago but its still bandaged) He hasnt cut his hair. (his hair is still long)

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

2. Da govorimo o radnjama koje su poele u prolosti i koje jo uvijek traju sada: The weather has been great since Sunday. (the weather was beautiful on Sunday and it still is)

Ive always liked chocholate. (I liked it in the past and I still like it)

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

Uz ovu upotrebu esto koristimo priloge vremena FOR i SINCE: FOR a period of time I have lived in this house for twenty years.

SINCE a point in time Ive lived in this house since 1980.

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

3. Za pojedinanu ili ponavljanu prolu radnju, esto s prilozima vremena poput before, often, sometimes, usually, kada ne znamo ili nas ne interesira tano vrijeme deavanja radnje: I have played that CD before. Weve been to Paris before. Have you ever eaten sweet potatoes?

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

TIME ADVERBIALS 1. Before, ever, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, just (pozicija je obino iza has/have, a ponekad na kraju reenice): Have you ever been abroad? Weve never met him. I have seen him here often.

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

2. Already u izjavnim reenicama (obino iza have), i yet u pitanjima i odrinim reenicama (obino na kraju reenice): Ive already had lunch. Have you had lunch yet? I havent had lunch yet.

Grammar 1. Present Perfect Tense (Sadanji perfekt)

3. For, since, all my life I havent seen him for ages. Weve known each other since we were at school. Ive loved poetry all my life.

Grammar
1. Present Perfect and Past Simple
- Kada koristimo Present Perfect elimo povezati proli dogaaj i sadanju situaciju. - Kada se izraavamo Present Perfect Tensom ne znamo, ili nas ne interesira tano vrijeme deavanja neke radnje ili dogaaja. - Kada govorimo o odreenom prolom vremenu, moramo upotrijebiti Past Simple Tense

Grammar
1. Present Perfect and Past Simple
Compare: I broke my leg last year. (in the past, no link between this past event and now) Ive broken my leg. (Its still broken now, and I cant walk) I went to the United States in 1990. (we know precisely when it happened) Ive been to the United States before. (I was there in the past, and it doesnt matter when)

Phrases
In English Na engleskom Excuse me izvini, oprosti

See you again dovienja, vidimo se They say kau, pria se