Oral hygiene indexsimplified

Saurabh ahuja ( 8749078)

Introduction
It is an important index used to assess the oral

hygiene status of an individual. It helps to

Evaluate dental health in school students. Assess Cleansing efficiency of toothbrushes and

chewing gums. Monitor Individual's commitment towards oral hygiene maintenance.

It is a more simplified version of the original index

given in 1960.

Oral hygiene index simplified

The Simplified Oral Hygiene was developed by

John C Greene and Jack R Vermillion in1964 It is a more simplified version but has equal sensitivity. It comprises of 2 components: DEBRIS INDEX (DI) CALCULUS INDEX (CI)

Each of these indexes, is based on numerical determinations representing the amount of debris or calculus found on the preselected tooth surfaces.

Difference between OHI and OHI-s

(OHI-S)

differs from the original OHI (The Oral Hygiene Index) in the number of the tooth surfaces scored (6 rather than 12), the method of selecting the surfaces to be scored, and the scores, which can be obtained. The criteria used for assigning scores to the tooth surfaces are the same as those use for the OHI (The Oral Hygiene Index).

SELECTION OF TOOTH

SURFACES
The six surfaces examined for the OHI-S are

selected from four posterior and two anterior teeth. In the posterior portion of the dentition, the first fully erupted tooth distal to the second bicuspid (15), usually the first molar (16) but sometimes the second (17) or third molar (18), is examined. The buccal surfaces of the selected upper molars and the lingual surfaces of the selected lower molars are inspected. In the anterior portion of the mouth, the labial surfaces of the upper right (11) and the lower left central incisors (31) are scored. In the absence of either of this anterior teeth, the central incisor (21 or 41 respectively) on the opposite side of the midline is substitted.

Rules
Only fully erupted permanent teeth r scored.

Third molars not included.

The scoring for the buccal/labial and lingual

surface is based on tooth in designated segment that has greatest surface of debris or calculus.

Surfaces to be examined
If a designated tooth is not fully erupted or has

a full crown restoration or has a surface reduced by caries or trauma, a substitute is made as follows
For tooth 16: tooth 17 or tooth 18

for tooth 11: tooth 21

For tooth 26 : tooth 27 or tooth 28 For tooth 36 : tooth 37 or tooth 38 For tooth 31 : tooth 41 For tooth 46 : tooth 47 or tooth 48

Debris index-simplified
Oral debris: oral debris is the soft foreign matter

loosely attached to the teeth., it consists of ,mucin, bacteria, and food debris ( varies in colour from greyish white to yellow to orange) The extent of debris is estimated by running the explorer on the side of the tooth The occkusal or incisal extent of the debris is noted a it is removed

Scoring criteria for debris indexsimplified

Scores Criteria

0 1

No debris or stain present Soft debris covering not more than one third of the tooth surface, or presence of extrinsic stains without other debris regardless of surface area covered

Soft debris covering more than one third, but not more than two thirds, of the exposed tooth surface.

Soft debris covering more than two thirds of the exposed tooth surface.

Calculus index simplified ( CI-S)

Calculus is a hard mineralized substance adherent to

the tooth surface which cannot be removed by brushing There are mainly 2 types of calculus which is differentiated by location on the tooth in relation to the free gingival margin. 1. Supragingival calculus: deposits, usually white to yellowish brown in color, occlusal to the free gingival margin 2. Subgingival calculus: deposits usually light brown to black in color, apical to the free gingival margin

Scoring criteria for calculus indexsimplified

Scores Criteria 0 1 No calculus present Supra-gingival calculus covering not more than one third of the exposed tooth surface

Supra-gingival calculus covering more than one third but less than two third of the exposed tooth surface or the presence of individual flecks of sub-gingival calculus around the cervical portion of the tooth or both Supra gingival calculus covering more than two third of the exposed tooth surface or a continuous heavy band of sub-gingival calculus around the cervical portion of the tooth or both

Calculation of the index

For each individual, the debris and calculus

scores are totaled and divided by the no. of tooth surfaces scored. Calculation of DI-S= total score no. of tooth surfaces examined Calculation of CI-S = total score No. of surfaces examined

interpretation

For the DI-S and CI-S score GOOD 0.0 to 0.6 Fair 0.7 to 1.8 Poor 1.9 to 3.0 For the OHI-s score, Good 0.0 to 1.2 Fair 1.3 to 3.0 Poor 3.1 to 6.0

For individuals scores are calculated to one decimal point For group scores are obtained by calculating the average of the

individual scores

Uses of OHI-s
Study of epidemiology

Evaluation of dental health in public school.

Cleansing efficiency of toothbrushes Individuals level of oral cleanliness.

Summary
Evaluation of the oral hygiene status of an

individual ,is a quick ,easy, universally acceptable leading to reliable and efficient oral health surveys by using the Oral Hygiene Index simplified suggested by John C Greene and Dr R Vermillion in 1964.

Bibliography
Essentials of community and preventive dentistry-

Dr Soben Peter Textbook of preventive and community dentistry Dr SS Hiremath Textbook of community dentistry Dr Joseph John.

Thank you