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Smart Grid
Smart Grid
US Electricity Grid
Aged Centralized
Manual operations
Fragile
10/19/2005
Goal
Smart Grid
Uses information technologies to improve how electricity travels from power plants to consumers Allows consumers to interact with the grid Integrates new and improved technologies into the operation of the grid
Outline
Motivation Sensing and Measurement Communications and Security Components and Subsystems Interfaces and Decision Support Control Methods and Topologies Trading in Smart Grid
California asked all the utilities to deploy the new smart meter
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Outline
Motivation Sensing and Measurement Communications and Security Components and Subsystems Interfaces and Decision Support Control Methods and Topologies Trading in Smart Grid
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The interference will severely affect the quality of wireless sensor network.
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They measured the noise level in dbm (the larger the worse) The outdoor background noise level is -105dbm
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Outline
Motivation Sensing and Measurement Communications and Security Components and Subsystems Interfaces and Decision Support Control Methods and Topologies Trading in Smart Grid
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Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V)
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Outline
Motivation Sensing and Measurement Communications and Security Components and Subsystems Interfaces and Decision Support Control Methods and Topologies Trading in Smart Grid
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Outline
Motivation Whats Smart Grid Sensing and Measurement Communications and Security Components and Subsystems Interfaces and Decision Support Control Methods and Topologies Trading in Smart Grid
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Intelligent
Demand-side management Securing critical loads
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DG agent
Monitor and control the DG power Provide information, such as availability and prices
User agent
Provide the interface for the end users
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Demand-side management
Test Case
Outline
Motivation Whats Smart Grid Sensing and Measurement Communications and Security Components and Subsystems Interfaces and Decision Support Control Methods and Topologies Trading in Smart Grid
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Wind
Solar
Nuclear
http://powerelectronics.com/power_systems/smart-grid-success-rely-system-solutions-20091001/
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Electricity Market
Trading Agents for the Smart Electricity Grid, AAMAS 2010.
Goal
Design
Trading Mechanism
Buy/sell electricity
Stock Market
Buy orders Sell orders
Market order : buy or sell at market price Limit order : specify price to sell or buy
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- demand
Need to sell at market price
- supply
Buyer need to buy at market price
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Evaluation
How efficient the market is? Whats the best trading strategy?
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Market Efficiency
Efficient-market hypothesis (EMH)
If all information (buyers and sellers cost structure) is publicly available Market price is determined solely by supply/demand
maximally efficient market
Cost structure
Buyer : minimum and cost sensitive dynamic demand Seller : minimum and quantity proportional production cost Line owner : minimum and quantity proportional cost
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Trading Strategy
Maximum efficiency is not possible
Hidden cost information Line charge constraint
ZI
Random pricing
AA-EM
Follow the market price but weighted
Bias to the same node due to line charging
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Market Efficiency
With respect to capacity
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Conclusion
Smart Grid provides intelligent, advanced power control for the next century Many new technologies involve for supporting sensing, controlling, human interfaces. Charging electricity cost is fundermental infrastructure can be implemented similar to stock market in smart grid.
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References
1. 2. S. Massoud Amin and Bruce F. Wollenberg, Toward a Smart Grid, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, September/October 2005. M. Pipattanasomporn and S. Rahman, Intelligent Distributed Autonomous Power Systems (IDAPS) and their Impact on Critical Electrical Loads, IEEE IWCIP 2005. R. Li, J. Li, G. Poulton, and G. James, Agent-Based Optimization Systems for Electrical Load Management, OPTMAS 2008. J. Li, G. Poulton, and G. James, Agent-based distributed energy management, In Proc. 20th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 569578. Gold Coast, Australia, 2007. http://www.smartgrid.gov/, November 2010.
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References (Cont.)
6. GRID 2030: A National Vision for Electricitys Second 100 Years, United States Department of Energy, Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution, July 2003. 7. What the Smart Grid Means to Americas Future, Technology Providers One of the Six Smart Grid Stakeholder Books, 2009. 8. San Diego Smart Grid Study Report 9. A Compendium of Smart Grid Technologies 10. Multi-Agent Systems in a Distributed Smart Grid: Design and Implementation 11. Broadband Over Power Lines A White Paper
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References (Cont.)
12. V&R Energy Systems Research 13. Emissions and Energy Efficiency Assessment of Baseload Wind Energy Systems 14. Microgrid Energy Management System 15. Opportunities and Challenges of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid 16. P. Vytelingum and S. D. Ramchurn, Trading Agents for the Smart Electricity Grid, AAMAS 2010.
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Thank you.
Questions, Comments, ?
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