Eco-Towns in Japan

What is an Eco-Town?

A sustainable development
work

towards zero-carbon status

Features of an ecotown:
environmental approaches to managing waste green spaces to enhance biodiversity construction practices that minimize waste incorporates high efficiency and reuse for water

Features of an eco-town:

well designed, attractive places to work and live utilize a well developed infrastructure

Features of an eco-town:

Have transit links, as well as standard roads, that connect them to surrounding cities Have long term plans for sustainability and specific, achievable targets

Planning Example
Housing Green Space Clean Industry

Vehicle parking
Neighbourhood Centres

Pedestrian Areas

What factors did push towards the Eco-Town project?

(1)A sense of crisis was prevailing in 1990s because of the rapid down-turn of the national and local economy. (2)Private companies invested funds in technological development, management innovations and environmental management to meet the requirement of new era (especially 3R and CO2reduction). (3)The national and municipal government gave the highest priority environmental issues (especially 3R and CO2reduction) . Containers and Packaging Recycling Law1995 COP3 : Kyoto Protocol1997

Home Appliance Recycling Law1998

Fundamental Law for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society2000

Eco-Model Town of Japan

Objectives Sustainable development towards creating a Low Carbon Peoples happiness 40% of economic growth Large scale CO2 reduction

Approaches: Urban developmentLow carbon urban structure Industrial development Innovative industries Human and social developmentHappy life

Sustainable development in AsiaLow carbon society

Eco-towns approved by the Japanese government

Three Rs

1. Reduce: Decrease the emission of waste by developing a new productive process. It includes reduction incineration and dryness. 2. Reuse Waste is used again as it is without putting a hand on it. Use them again after washing collected glass bottle. by

3. Recycle Conversion waste to resource again by using energy.

Build in the glass bottle again after crushing the collected glass bottle, and use it as a road pavement material.
Besides these three R, there are also Refuse, Refine and Repair.

Stakeholders analysis:

National government: Formulating and implementing fundamental and comprehensive policies and plans for establishing a sound material-cycle society Local governments: Implementing necessary measures to ensure appropriate recycling of reusable resources and disposal of wastes, and making and implementing policies in accordance with the nature of local governments' jurisdictions Businesses: Taking necessary measures to curb raw materials from becoming wastes and to recycle materials used in their business activities

The public: Making efforts to limit products from becoming waste by using products as long as possible, using recycled products and cooperating in sorting recyclable resources.

Stakeholders Roles and Objectives :

Prioritizing the objectives

1. Policy guiding by providing a favorable legal environment (policy, laws, strategies, etc.) 2. Economic development and local work 3. Plan and develop a zero-emission industrial park 4. Coordination of stakeholders (holding meetings, providing waste as material for research activities, and briefing the citizens.) 5. Develop an management system environment-

7. Provide information for residents and enterprises 8. Achieve zero emission of effluent water from manufacturing facilities 9. Achieve zero production of wastes from manufacturing facilities 10. To support the software side of the projects, such as subsidies and PR activities 11. Actualize an environmentally friendly transportation system 12. Changing consumer behavior

6. Develop cogeneration systems for utilization of waste heat from plants and factories

Risk Management:

Identified Risks: 1. Promotion of 3R industries 2. Investment and budgetary risk: 3. Ensuring the Profitability of New Projects 4. Accessibility to Information on Environmentally-Friendly Businesses 5. Corporate Social Responsibility 6. Public perception:

Eco-Town: Kitakyushu, Japan

Founded in 1987, Japans first eco-town project It is a 2000 hectare industrial park , located on reclaimed land, which was previously a landfill and port

Eco-Town: Kitakyushu

Founded to help clean up the heavily polluted air and Dokai Bay Once known as the Gray City and is now known as the Green City

Dokia Bay, 1960s

Dokai Bay, Present Day

Kitakyushu: Main Objectives

1)

2)

To stimulate the economy by nurturing the growth of environmental industries that take advantage of industrial capabilities To create an integrated system in harmony with the environment and to involve industry, the public sector and consumers with the goal of creating a recycling-oriented region

Eco-Town: Kitakyushu

The Industrial eco-town consists of 3 zones:

1)
2) 3)

Comprehensive Industrial Complex The Practical Research Area The Hibiki Recycling Area

Eco-Town: Kitakyushu

With a focus on industrial recycling, corporations in the region have become the largest financial contributors

Corporations fund the construction of recycling plants specific to their industry For example, the Nishi-Nippon PET bottle recycling plant, built by Nippon Steel and Mitsui & Co.

Eco-Town: Kitakyushu

The project is so successful it now has a large pool of resources to collect from Demand for the products they produce is growing The surrounding town enjoys the spillover effects from improved air, water and infrastructure

Eco-Towns: Conclusions

Must be planned and implemented with the involvement of surrounding communities Should have a public-private partnership, with long-term funding primarily from private sources

Eco-Town: Conclusions

Should continually search for new technologies

innovative

techniques to lower consumption

Should put energy back into the national grid

Independent environmental agencies should monitor eco-towns use of energy over time to ensure standards are met

Eco-Towns: Conclusions

Should be located on a site in need of revitalizing and/or clean up Must be based on environmentally sustainable, long-term town planning They are a sustainable way forward for urban growth globally, both for residential and industrial communities

Thank you!