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TSHOOT Chapter 1 PowerPoint
TSHOOT Chapter 1 PowerPoint
Course v6 Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Chapter 3 Objectives
Use Cisco IOS commands to gather information in support of diagnostic processes. Identify tools used for specific maintenance and troubleshooting processes.
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
If default route exists and no matching entry in table, message %Subnet not in table even though default route will be used.
R1# show ip route 10.1.193.2 Routing entry for 10.1.193.0/30 Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface) Redistributing via eigrp 1 Routing Descriptor Blocks: * directly connected, via Serial0/0/1 Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1 R1# show ip route 10.1.193.10 % subnet not in table
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
R1# show ip route 192.168.1.0 Routing entry for 192.168.1.0/30, 1 known subnets Attached (1 connections) C 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
R1# show ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 Routing entry for 192.168.1.0/30 Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface) Routing Descriptor Blocks: * directly connected, via Loopback0 Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
S1# show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Vlan128 10.1.156.1 YES NVRAM up S1# show running-config | begin line vty line vty 0 4 transport input telnet ssh line vty 5 15 transport input telnet ssh ! End R1# show processes cpu| include IP Input ^ % Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Protocol up
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
up up up
R1# dir flash: Directory of flash:/ 1 -rw- 23361156 Mar 2 2009 16:25:54 -08:00 c1841-advipservicesk9mz.1243.bin 2 -rw680 Mar 7 2010 02:16:56 -08:00 show-int-brief.txt
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
R1# more flash:show-commands.txt Cisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Sat 08-Nov-08 20:07 by prod_rel_team ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.3(8r)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) R1 uptime is 3 days, 1 hour, 22 minutes < output omitted > Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 10.1.192.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 10.1.192.10 YES manual up up
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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repeat repeatcount
size datagram-size source [address | interface] df-bit
Number of ping packets that are sent to the destination address. The default is 5.
Size of the ping packet (in bytes). Default: 100 bytes. The interface or IP address of the router to use as a source address for the probes. Enables the "do-not-fragment" bit in the IP header.
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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M ? &
Each exclamation point indicates receipt of a reply. Each period indicates a timeout waiting for a reply. A destination unreachable ICMP message was received. Source quench (destination too busy) [not a likely message] Could not fragment (MTU related). Unknown packet type. Packet lifetime exceeded
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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! This could indicate a R1# telnet 192.168.37.2 Trying 192.168.37.2, 25 % Connection refused by
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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syslog messages Cisco IOS counter changes SNMP MIB object changes SNMP traps CLI command execution Timers and many other options
Sending SNMP traps or syslog messages Executing CLI commands Sending email Running tool command language (TCL) scripts
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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R1(config)# Jul 13 03:24:41.473 PDT: %HA_EM-2-LOG: CONFIG-STARTED: Configuration mode was entered Jul 13 03:24:41.473 PDT: %HA_EM-6-LOG: CONFIG-STARTED: Change control policies apply. Authorized access only
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter 3 Summary
Filtering using Cisco IOS commands can be accomplished by:
Specifying an IP address as an option with the show ip route command.
Specifying a prefix as an option with the show ip route command followed by the longer-prefixes keyword.
Appending a pipe operator | to the show command followed by one of the keywords include, exclude, or begin and then a regular expression. Selecting specific portions of the configuration output with any associated lines. For example, the command show running-config | section router.
Command output can be redirected, copied or appended to a file by using the pipe operator | and the following options:
The redirect option - Output will not be displayed on the screen, but redirected to a text file that can be stored locally in flash memory or on a TFTP or FTP server.
The tee option - Displays output on the screen and copies it to a text file.
The append option Similar to the redirect option, but allows appending output to a file instead of replacing that file.
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Other commands that can be useful in troubleshooting hardware related problems are:
show controllers
show platform show inventory show diag
Some features that can be used to diagnose interface hardware or cabling issues are:
Generic Online Diagnostics (GOLD) Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR)
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Examples of incident related information gathering tools are SPAN and RSPAN (used for traffic capturing). Examples of baseline creation and traffic accounting tools are:
Statistics gathering using SNMP Traffic accounting using NetFlow
Packet sniffers can be used to capture packets in order to allow detailed analysis of packet flows. Taking packet captures at various points in the network allows you to spot potential differences. Two main technologies that can be used to create a baseline of network usage and performance are SNMP and NetFlow.
Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Chapter # 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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