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    This document discusses measurement accuracy and precision. It defines accuracy as measurements centering around the actual value, while precision means measurements differ by a small amount. The causes of inaccuracy include equipment limitations and human error. It also defines the components of a measurement system and different types of variation: accuracy measures difference from the true value; stability looks at average differences over time; reproducibility examines variation between operators; and repeatability refers to random variation from one measurement to the next by the same operator. Improving the measurement system involves reducing these sources of variation through training, maintenance, and design changes.

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    This document discusses measurement accuracy and precision. It defines accuracy as measurements centering around the actual value, while precision means measurements differ by a small amount. The causes of inaccuracy include equipment limitations and human error. It also defines the components of a measurement system and different types of variation: accuracy measures difference from the true value; stability looks at average differences over time; reproducibility examines variation between operators; and repeatability refers to random variation from one measurement to the next by the same operator. Improving the measurement system involves reducing these sources of variation through training, maintenance, and design changes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    19 views14 pages

    Measurements: Chapter Four

    Uploaded by

    curiben
    This document discusses measurement accuracy and precision. It defines accuracy as measurements centering around the actual value, while precision means measurements differ by a small amount. The causes of inaccuracy include equipment limitations and human error. It also defines the components of a measurement system and different types of variation: accuracy measures difference from the true value; stability looks at average differences over time; reproducibility examines variation between operators; and repeatability refers to random variation from one measurement to the next by the same operator. Improving the measurement system involves reducing these sources of variation through training, maintenance, and design changes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Measurements

    Chapter Four

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Measurement accuracy and precision

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Accuracy and precision

    Measurements are said to be accurate if their tendency is to center around the actual value of the entity being measured. Measurements are precise if they differ from one another by a small amount. What can you say about the causes relating to each type?
    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    2 observed

    2 product

    2 gage

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Measured Value
    Measured Value = (TV + Ac + Rep + Rpr)
    TV = true value Ac = gauge accuracy Rep = gauge repeatability Rpr = gauge reproducibility

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Measurement system components

    Equipment or gage

    Type of gage

    Attribute: go-no go, vision systems (part present or not present) Variable: calipers, probe, coordinate measurement machines

    Unit of measurement - usually at least 1/10 of tolerance


    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Operator and operating instructions

    Measurement error

    Measurement error is considered to be the difference between a value measured and the true value.

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Types of gage variation

    Systematic variation

    Accuracy - improper calibration Reproducibility - different persons using same equipment with different techniques Stability - wear, deterioration, environment

    Periodic variation

    Random variation

    Repeatability (unable to locate part to be measured)


    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Types of measurement variation

    Accuracy

    Stability Reproducibility
    Repeatability
    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Accuracy
    Difference between the true average and the observed average.
    (True average may be obtained by using a more precise measuring tool) Accuracy or mean bias

    True average Observed average

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Stability
    The difference in the average of at least 2 sets of measurements obtained with a gage over time.
    Stability

    Time 1

    Time 2

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Reproducibility
    Variation in average of measurements made by different operators using the same gage measuring the same part.

    True Average

    Operator C Operator B Operator A


    Measurement Systems Analysis

    Repeatability
    The random variation in measurements when one operator uses the same gage to measure the same part several times.
    Observed Average

    True Average

    Repeatability

    Measurement Systems Analysis

    How do we improve gage capability?

    Reproducibility

    operator training, or more clearly define measurement scale available to the operator gage maintenance gage redesign to better fit application

    Repeatability

    Measurement Systems Analysis

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