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Finite Element Method (V1.2)
Finite Element Method (V1.2)
c
c
c
c
+
(
c
c
c
c
+
(
c
c
c
c
= V
z
A
y
A
x
A
A
z
y
x
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= V
.
z
z
f
y
y
f
x
x
f
f
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= V
z A y A x A A
z
2
y
2
x
2 2
V + V + V = V
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
z
f
y
f
x
f
f f .
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= V = V V
14
Maxwells Equations
In order to solve electromagnetic field
problems, it is necessary to solve
Maxwells Eq in differential or Integral
D . = V
0 E . = V
J H
= V
0 B . = V
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
15
Poissons Equation: Magnetics
A ) A . ( A
2
V V V = V V
J A
2
= V
1
0 A = V V
.
A B
V =
z J J
z
=
0
z
=
c
c
z A
2
z
V In 2D FEA
From (1)
From (2)
16
Boundary Conditions
Boundary is where the surface do not
feel what is happening inside.
Neumann(dA/dn=0) at boundary
interfaces
Dirichlet (A=0) at boundary interfaces
17
FEM Solution Process
Starting from known nodes (eg. Boundary
conditions and material properties
Setting the algebraic equations for the
triangles
Solving the unknowns values of nodes by
using unknown values
Using triangle properties to interpolate the
node values to the whole surface
Equipotential lines do not intersect each other
18
Steps in FEA
Pre Processing
Forming the model geometry/drawing the model
geometry/
Define physical parameters
Define boundary conditions
Meshing
Solving
Post processing
All the above steps can be
Programmed
Manual
19
Other disciplines
J A
2
= V
1
0 or c b a = V
2
Magnetics
Others (eg, fluid flow, Heat flow, etc)
20
Equations for Incompressible
Fluid Flow with Heat Transfer
Continuity equation
x-momentum
y-momentum
Energy equation
where o is the angle between the gravity force vector
and x-axis