Professional Documents
Culture Documents
6 1minerals
6 1minerals
6 1minerals
Learning Outcomes:
describe what a mineral is, explain through examples that minerals exist in the form of natural elements or natural compounds, identify the elements in natural compounds, describe the properties of minerals, write equations in words to show the effect of heat on the minerals.
Minerals
Element
Compound
Metal
Non-metal
Silicon compound
Calcium carbonate
Minerals
Hard Do not dissolve in water
Element
Platinum Carbon Mercury Sulphur Silver Gold
Compound
Carbonate Oxide Silicate Sulphide
Properties of minerals
Hardness Solubility in water Effect of heat
Colours
Hematite Brown Malachite Green Bauxite White Cassiterite Black Galena Grey Iron pyrite Black Limestone - White
Physical
Hard minerals
Chemical characteristics
Do not dissolve in water Metal oxide and silicate do not decompose when heated Metal carbonates and sulphides can be easily decomposed by heating
Test yourself:
1 Name the elements or chemical compounds that are naturally present in the Earths crust. 2 State four examples of natural elements that exist freely in the Earths crust. 3 State four examples of minerals that exist in the form of compounds in the Earths crust.
Test yourself:
4 State two common properties of most of the minerals in the Earths crust. 5 Write an equation in word form to represent the reaction between magnesium sulphide and oxygen.
Answer:
1 2 3 4 5 Mineral Gold, silver, platinum and mercury Oxide, carbonate, sulphide and silicate Hard and do not dissolve in water Magnesium sulphide + oxygen magnesium oxide + sulphur dioxide