How Does Brain Control Motor Function?

The Mind-To-Movement System That Allows A Quadriplegic Man To Control A Computer Using Only His Thoughts Is A Scientific Milestone

Brain Gate Neural Interface Device- a braincomputer interface that uses internal neural signal sensor and external processors to convert neural

signals into an output signal under the users own

control.

NEURO CHIP

The sensor consists of a tiny chip (smaller than a baby aspirin) with one hundred electrode sensors each thinner than a hair that detect brain cell electrical activity.

100 hair thin electrodes to sense the electromagnetic signature of neurons firing in specific areas of the brain

BCI direct communication pathway between a brain or brain cell culture and a device (computer) One way BCIs Two way BCIs
information passes from brain to computer or computer to brain

information is exchanged between brain and computer

Chip implant system developed by Cyber kinetics in 2003 Designed to help those who have lost control of their limbs or other bodily functions

 The electrode translates brain activity and sends the information to the computer in a format it can understand.

Brain Gate uses a sensor that is implanted onto the motor cortex of the brain. The device analyzes brain signals then interprets and translated them into cursor movements.

Working
Preprocessing Detection Control Training Bio feedback

Monitored signature is translated into electrically charged signals. Signals are then sent and decoded using a program to move cursor, robot arm, etc.

Robot Arm

Nagle, a 25-year-old quadriplegic, is the first human fitted with the Brain Gate Neural Interface.

 Using the Brain Gate system, Matt could control a cursor on a computer screen -Control TV -Check e-mail -Draw on screen He could also send commands to an external prosthetic hand -Open -Close

Matthew Nagle

Applications
A Boon to the paralyzed -Brain Gate Neural Interface System. Clinical trial on Nagle. Statement Of Nagle.

I can't put it into words. It's justI use my brain. I

just thought it. I said, "Cursor go up to the top right."

And it did, and now I can control it all over the screen. It will give me a sense of independence. -Matt Nagle

Navigate Internet Play Computer Games

Turn Lights On and Off

Control Television

Other Applications On
Animals -Rats

Experiment by Miguel Nicolle's and colleagues for use on Rhesus monkeys succeeded in closing the feedback loop of movements in a robot arm.

Regulating Breathing
Controlling Body Functions

In the next two years, Cyber kinetics hopes to refine the chip to develop a wireless version No need for a plug Safer Less visible

Conclusion
The idea of moving robots or prosthetic devices not by manual control, but by mere thinking (i.e., the brain activity of human subjects).

So this idea helps many patients to control the prosthetic devices of their own by simply thinking about the task.