Side Slope Operation

CUT SLOPES
The soil & rock are cut & excavated stability content decrease. meanwhile The renovating done the slope cutting ready & safe. Slope excavation takes place- original soil level higher then level of new road formation to built.

Cut slope for equivalent soil strata.

Cut slope for variable soil strata

Type of soil Solid rock Rock

Cutting depth

Sloping 1:0.3 -1:0.0 1:0.5 -1:1.2

Sand
Sandy soil Compact earth Sand, loose 0-5 5-10 5-10

1:0.5 -1:1.0
1:0.8 -1:1.2 1:1.0-1:1.2 1:1.2-1:1.5

Clay soil
Clay-stone

0-10
5-10 Table for safely slope cutting

1:0.8-1:1.2
1:1.2-1:1.5

Problem in cut slope

landslide
Ways to overcome the problem
i) Prepare slopesuitable slanting degrees. ii) Turfing slope areasmaintain soil stability.
iii) Hydro seeding use to plant the plant on alkali soil.
iv) Use Geofabric or geotextile avoid diffusion of ground water.

Water infiltration

Method to overcome the problem

i)Build the fencing along slope areas. ii)Use a net.

> in soil also influences stability of soil. > Storey & soil drainage- important.

iii) Gabion block.

> Sub-soil drains used to control the flow of infiltration.

Equivalent materials

Embankment slope

Different materials

Problems in slope banking

Landslide
Ways to overcome the problem:
Turfing- Planting the plants for slope protection. Prepare the slope with suitable degrees. Use gefabric & geotextile avoid diffusion of ground water.

Prepare the drainage system- let the water flow easily. Grow plants- cover the slope surface.

Determination Of R.O.W (It includes road width, shoulder width & spare area of road)

Site clearing operation

Cutting grubbing
Discard Top soil

Cutting trees in R.O.W waste of trees is shifted Stump and root are being stripped with a depth of 500-1000mm from proposed level sub grade Backfill holes before starting an embankment works Discard bushed Machinery:i. Bulldozer ii. Excavator iii. scrapper

Top soil- only suitable for crop Could not bearing load Need to be discarded until fixed depth A good soil will be kept for grass/tree cultivation Machinery: i. Bulldozer ii. Excavator iii. Transporters, e.t.c.

. If road formation level under soil origin level

SOIL WORK

.if road formation level higher than soil origin level . Clearing works should be done first if : Embankment < 3m Origin soil surface rugged Sloping soil surface

.Cutting also can occur in area of soil borrow pit for embankment purpose

> Slope will be formed by cutting works or embankment works for formation level of road

< Slope failure cause

. Unperfect works . Increasing of moisture content . Increasing of applied load

OPERAT ION OF SIDE SLOPE

CUTTING SLOPE PROBLEMS

PROBLEMS SOLUTION Cutting at safe slant Plant grass Install geofabric/geotextile Mortar cement rendering Build retaining wall

LANDSLIDE

SCREE

Install steel netting Build safety fence Mortar cement rendering Build stone mooring

WATER ASORPTION

Drainage system: Bypass drain, shelf drain, roadside drain and underground drain

CUTTING SLOPE SOLUTION

EMBANKMENT SLOPE PROBLEMS

PROBLEMS SOLUTION

Landslide

Perfect compaction Plant grass Install geofabric/geotextile Build retainingwall

Erosion

Plant grass Surface Drainage System (e.g: toe drain , dike drain , road shoulder drain and culvert) Perfect compaction Discard top soil Use a selected fill material

Deposition

EMBANKMENT SLOPE SOLUTION