The Christian Crusades

1095-1291

Group 2, 3rd Period

Our Unit Question…

What were the

purposes and effects of
the Crusades?
Why did the Crusades begin?
 Christians wanted to visit  There was a meeting in
Jerusalem. Clermont France to decide
 The Muslims allowed what to do.
Christians to visit until the
Seljuk Turks took control of
Pope Urban II
the city. spoke at
 The Crusades were also a Clermont and
defense against the urged Christians
Mohammedans who were to take back the
trying to take settlements in Holy Land from
Syria. the infidels.

http://gbgm-umc.org/umw/bible/crusades.stm
The First Crusade
 This was the most  Jews gathered in their
successful Crusade. synagogue for safety;
 It was bloody. The the Crusaders burned
Crusaders cut off the them alive inside the
heads of their enemies. building.
 Women and children  Crusaders destroyed
were not spared. the tomb of Abraham.
 They tortured the  This was not the end of
enemy. the fighting.
Jerusalem is Taken

The Jerusalem Cross

was worn by Godfrey
de Bouillon, the first
ruler of Jerusalem after
it was taken from the
Moslems. The five
crosses are for the five
wounds of the crucified
Jesus.
http://gbgm-umc.org/umw/bible/crusades.stm
 The Other 6 Crusades

 These Crusades were

not successful for the
Christians.
 The Crusades ended in
1291. They lasted
almost 200 years.

The Sack of Constantinople

http://crusades.boisestate.edu/2nd/
Religious Knights

To fight the crusades, the Christians needed

warriors, and the religious knights (the Knights
Templar, the Teutonic knights and the
Hospitallers) were created.
The members of the Religious knights were both
monks and knights; they took vows of chastity,
poverty, and obedience that all monks took, but
they added a fourth vow-- to protect pilgrims and
fight the infidels.
Knights Templar

 They are the most well known of the religious

knights.
 They had great wealth and became very
powerful.
 When they would not loan money to King
Phillip IV of France, he had many of them
tortured and killed.
 The Pope ordered them to disband.
 They became a secret organization.
What were the effects of the
Crusades?
The Crusades and the Catholic Church

 The Crusades made the Pope rich and very

powerful.
 The Pope was now seen as an authority and
a leader in more than just church.
 Popes could now interfere with wars between
Christian princes.
The Crusades and Commerce

 The Crusades created a demand for ships to

transport men and goods.
 Trade brought new ideas and new things to
Europe, especially from Africa.
 The silks, tapestries, precious stones,
perfumes, spices, pearls, and ivory that
came from the east were very popular.
The Crusades and Feudalism

 The Crusades made

kings more powerful
and feudal lords less
powerful.

 Cities grew and

became more powerful.

 The feudal system

came to an end.
Christians and Muslims

 The Crusades did not stop the spread of

Islam.

 Theycaused very bad feelings between the

Muslims and Christians that they did not
have before the Crusades.
What is the legacy of the Crusades?

 Christopher Columbus explored in part to find

a new route to Jerusalem.
 The word “crusade” has come to mean any
fight for a cause.
 Some crusaders stayed and married; there is
mixing of races because of the Crusades.
 The idea of a “just war” began with the
Crusades.
Works Cited
 Bréhier, Louis. "Crusades." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 4.
New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1998. 9 Jun. 2008
<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04543c.htm>.
 Snell, Melissa. “Dark Legacy.” About.Com. 9 Jun. 2008
<http://historymedren.about.com/od/firstcrusade/a/darklegacy.htm>
 "The Christian Crusades." The Bible: The Book that Bridges the
Millennia. 2008. United Methodist Women. 9 Jun 2008 <
http://gbgm-umc.org/umw/bible/crusades.stm. >
 Knox, E. L. Skip. "The Crusades." History of the Crusades. 2008.
Bosie State university. 9 Jun 2008
<http://crusades.boisestate.edu>.
 All images, unless otherwise noted, are from Microsoft Clip Art.