MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

A set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization Data: Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions Information: Clusters of facts meaningful and useful to human beings in the processes such as making decisions

DATA AND INFORMATION

FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM

DIMENSIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Three Important Dimensions of Information Systems

Organizations Managers Technology

THE ORGANIZATIONAL DIMENSION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

People Structure Business processes

Sales and marketing Manufacturing and Production Finance and Accounting Human resources

Culture Politics

THE MANAGEMENT DIMENSION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Managers are:

Sense makers Decision makers Planners Innovators of new processes Leaders: set agendas

THE TECHNOLOGY DIMENSION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Computer Hardware: Physical equipment Computer Software: Detailed preprogrammed instructions Data management technology: Physical media for storing data and the software Communications technology: Transfers data from one physical location to another Networks: Links computers to share data or resources

THREE MAIN CATEGORIES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

1. 2. 3.

Operational-level systems Management-level systems Strategic-level systems

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION

1.

2.

3.

Strategic-level systems: help senior management tackle and address strategic issues Management-level systems: serve the monitoring, controlling, decision-making, and administrative activities Operational-level systems: support operational managers, keeping track of the elementary activities and transactions

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

THE FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS

1.

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

Management Information Systems (MIS) Decision-Support Systems (DSS) Executive-Support Systems (ESS)

2.

3.

4.

TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS)

Basic business systems that serve the organizations operational level Input: Transactions, events Processing: Sorting, listing, merging, updating Output: Detailed reports, lists, summaries Users: Operations personnel, supervisors

A SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION FOR A PAYROLL TPS

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF TPS

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS)

Serve management level; provide reports and access to company data Input: Summary transaction data, highvolume data, simple models Processing: Routine reports, simple models, low-level analysis Output: Summary and exception reports Users: Middle managers

A SAMPLE REPORT THAT MIGHT BE PRODUCED BY THE MIS

DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS)

Serve management level with data analysis for making decisions Input: Low-volume data or massive databases, analytic models, and data analysis tools Processing: Interactive, simulations, analysis Output: Special reports, decision analyses, responses to queries Users: Professionals, staff managers

VOYAGE-ESTIMATING DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEM

EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS)

Provide communications and computing environment that serves the organizations strategic level Input: External and internal aggregate data Processing: Graphics, simulations, interactive Output: Projections, responses to queries Users: Senior Managers

MODEL OF A TYPICAL EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM

INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG SYSTEMS