BIC510 PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY -(2+1)

Industrial Uses of Glycerol

Course teacherDr.D.Uma, Associate Professor, Biochemistry.

StudentSaykhedkar Gajanan Raghunath, ID.No.10-508-015, CPMB.

CONTENT 1. Introduction
2. Industrial Usesa. In Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Applicationb. In Food and Beveragesc. In Cosmetics and Toiletryd. In Tobacco Industrye. In Paper and Printing Industryf. In Explosive Material Productiong. In Other Industry.

Introduction Glycerol is a trihydric alcohol, combines with fatty acid to

form fat.

Glycerol is commonly called glycerol or glycerine. It is a sweet-tasting alcohol that is colourless and odourless. It melts at 18 degrees Celsius and boils at 290 degrees Celsius. Its chemical formula is C3H8O3.

Introduction Molecules of fat contain glycerol. One way to extract it from fats or oils is through saponification a chemical reaction involving a fat and an alkali. A interesting property of glycerine is that it is very highly hygroscopic, which means that it absorbs water from the air.

Industrial UsesPharmaceutical and Personal Care Applications Glycerol is used in medical and pharmaceuticals and personal care preparations, mainly as a means of improving smoothness, providing lubrication and as a humectants. Glycerol is a component of soap, which is used by people with sensitive, easily-irritated skin because it prevents skin dryness with its moisturising properties.

Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Applications Topical pure or nearly pure glycerol is an effective treatment for psoriasis, burns, bites, cuts, rashes, bedsores, and calluses The antiseptic qualities of this chemical make it valuable in biological laboratories such as to preserve specimens in jars. Glycerine is widely used to manufacture the following drugs. Capsules Suppositories Ear infection remedies Anaesthetics Cough remedies As a vehicle for antibiotics and antiseptics.

Foods and Beverages industry In foods and beverages, glycerol serves as solvent, humectants or to moisten, sweeten or preserve the food and drinks. It is also used as a humectants along with propylene glycol in the production of snus, a Swedish style smokeless tobacco product that the Swedish government subjects to the same regulations as "food.
Some dietary advocates accept glycerine as a sweetener compatible with low carbohydrate diets.

e.g. of products in which glycerol use Soft drinks Candies Cakes Meat and cheese Dry food etc.

Cosmetics and Toiletries Because of the non-toxic nature of glycerin, it is used in cosmetics and toiletries. The sweet-tasting alcohol is found in many skin moisturizing lotions and creams because of the waterretaining and water-absorbing capacity. It is used in the following products: Toothpaste Skin creams and lotions Pre-shaving lotions Deodorants Lipstick Mascara

Tobacco -

Glycerin is also used in tobacco to prevent the breaking and crumbling during the processing of cigarettes, etc.

It also adds some kind of flavor to the chewing tobacco. It is widely used to manufacture cigarette filter tips as well.

Paper and Printing -

It is used to soften and reduce the shrinkage during paper manufacturing.

It is used in the following: Grease proof paper Food wrappers Printing ink

Textiles Glycerine is used in textiles to soften the yarn and to lubricate fibres of different kinds. In the textile industry, glycerine is generally used for the following purposes: As a lubricant for food processing To manufacture resin coating To add flexibility to rubber and plastic As a building block in manufacturing flexible foams To manufacture dynamite To create component that is used in radios and neon lights

Explosive Glycerol is never explosive in itself but is used to produce nitro-glycerine, or glyceroltrinitrate (GTN), which is an essential ingredient of smokeless gunpowder and various explosives such as dynamite, gelignite and propellants like cordite. Nitro-glycerine a compound derived from glycerol used to make dynamites and explosives. Nitro-glycerine is not only used in explosives but is found as a medication for heart disease also.

Other
As an ingredient in antifreezeLike ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, glycerol dissolved in water disrupts the hydrogen bonding between water molecules such that the mixture cannot form a stable crystal structure unless the temperature is significantly lowered. As an hydraulic fluids, Hydrogen gas production unit Conversion to propylene glycol Conversion to ethanol