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3.5 Archimedes' Principle
3.5 Archimedes' Principle
Learning Outcome: Explain buoyant force, Relate buoyant force to the weight of liquid displaced, State Archimedes principle, Describe applications of Archimedes principle, Solve problems involving Archimedes principle.
Idea of buoyancy
Lesson 1
observation : The fishing net is more difficult to pull when more of the net is out of the water surface. Why ? Buoyant force is smaller when the net is less immersed into the water .
Buoyant force
Top surface
F2
If an object is placed in the container, some water will overflow. Liquid is displaced by the object.
Buoyant force
The deeper the object is, the more liquid displaced, and the stronger the buoyant force
Lesson 2
Heavy ferry made of steel plates can float. Do you know why ?
Small buoyant force
Archimedess Principle
The relationship between buoyant force and weight of the fluid displaced was first discovered in the third century BC by the Greek scientist Archimedes. It is stated as follows : When an object is wholly or partially immersed in a fluid, it experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
A brief history
King of Sicily
Goldsmith
Archimedes
7 After this, Archimedes investigate the relationship between buoyant force and the weight of fluid displaced
An immersed body is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
Experiment 3.1 pg 62
Data
Weight of plasticine in air , Wa /N
Lesson 3
Immersed just under water surface Weight of object is equal to buoyant force
Density of object = density of fluid
Volume of liquid displaced = volume of wooden block = Mass density = 0.3 25000 = 1.2 x 10-5 m3
Buoyant = weight of liquid force displaced = Volume x density x g = 1.2 x 10-5 x1.5x104 x 10
= 1.8 N
Buoyant force = 0.3 N Buoyant = weight of solution force displaced = Volume x density x g 0.3 = (25 x10-6)x x 9.8
= 1224 kg m-3
25cm-3
Weight of hydrometer = weight of liquid displaced A denser liquid has a smaller volume displaced.
Liquid A Liquid B
Lead shots
A ship will submerged deeper in fresh water because the density of fresh water is less than sea water.
To ensure a ship is loaded within safe limits, the Plimsoll line marked on the body of the ship acts as a guide.
View video
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SUMMARY
1.When an object is immersed in liquid or gas, it experiences a buoyant force.
2. buoyant force =apparent loss in weight
Evaluation
A
Evaluation
A B C
Evaluation
A B C D
Home work
Mastery Practice 3.5