Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Organizational Behavior
Organizational Behavior
DEFINITION
Two
or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives. A number of persons or things classified together because of common characteristics, community of interests, etc. Functions toward common goal.
TYPES OF GROUPS
Command Group Task Group
Formal group
Formal group
Informal group
Friendship Group
Informal group
Interest Group
Status
Self
Norming
Performing Adjourning
GROUP PROPERTIES
ROLE
A set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit.
Role
NORMS
Norm: Acceptable
standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the groups members. groups: Important groups to which individuals belong or hope to belong and with whose norms individuals are likely to confrom.
Reference
Conformity:The
STATUS
Status: A socially
goal.
SIZE OF A GROUP
Effect
of groups size on overall behavior. Smaller groups faster at completing tasks. Larger groups effective in gathering diverse input.
SOCIAL LOAFING
DEFINITION: The tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually Group performance increases with increase in size, but individual productivity reduces
CAUSES OF SOCIAL LOAFING Belief that others arent doing their fair share Relationship between individuals effort and groups output unclear PREVENTION OF SOCIAL LOAFING Set group goals Increase inter-group competition Peer evaluation Distribute group rewards, in part, based on individuals contributions
COHESIVENESS
Definition: The degree to which group members are attracted to each other and are motivated to stay in the group.
STRENGTHS :
More complete knowledge and information Increased diversity of views Higher quality decisions Acceptance of a solution
WEAKNESSES:
Time Consuming Conformity pressures in groups Dominated by one or a few members
Group
More effective More information and knowledge Diversity of views Higher-quality decisions Increased acceptance
GROUPTHINK
Groupthink
is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within groups of people. It is the mode of thinking that happens when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. Group members try to minimize conflict and reach a consensus decision without critical evaluation of alternative ideas or viewpoints
GROUPSHIFT
Decision of the group reflects the dominant decision-making norm that develops during the groups discussion. In discussing a given set of alternatives and arriving at a solution, group members tend to exaggerate the initial positions that they hold. In some situations caution dominates and there is a conservative shift. More often groups tend toward a risky shift.
Task orientation
Potential for interpersonal conflict Commitment to solution Development of group cohesiveness
Low
High High High
High
Low Not applicable High
High
Moderate Moderate Moderate
High
Low Moderate Low
THANK YOU
PRESENTED BY Dinesh Ahuja (1) Dhaval Ajmera (2) Nikita Nisar (34) Rohan Salekar (45)