Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services Essentials by Iway - Jake Freivald

Service-Oriented Architecture
and Web Services

Essentials
Jake Freivald
February 9, 2008
Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 1

A Lesson From Calvin and Hobbes
service-oriented
architecture
First, A Question
 What does the “S” stand for in SOA?

“Service”
 Who or what is being serviced in SOA?

The business process owner
Copyright © 2001 iWay Software

The Concept Behind SOA
 A Lieutenant has:
 A flagpole
 A rope
 A flag
 Two shovels
 Three bags of cement
 A Corporal, a Lance Corporal, and a Private
 He has been ordered to erect the flagpole
 How should he erect it?
“Corporal, erect the flagpole.”
Business Questions for IT Managers
 How do we improve check processing?

 What will it cost to merge order processing apps?
 How long to implement the CRM application?
 How do I know that this IT investment will pay off?
Answering these questions requires a solid

understanding of enterprise architecture

The Problem With Current Architecture
 What’s this change going to cost?

 What will it affect?
 Will it be worth it?
Service-Oriented Architecture:
An Attempt to Gain Control
 Align IT with business requirements
 “Process check”
 “Accept order”
 “Change address”
 Not “Connect SAP to JDE, getting additional
information through CICS transaction WNIT, then sending a message
through WMQI to the EDI processor for sending to…”
 How do we do it?
 Define services
 Have IT create an architecture that
supports services
Implication
 Web services aren’t the same thing as SOA

 Can be application-oriented
 Can be “tightly coupled”
 Can be unarchitected
 What are Web services?

 How do we use them properly?

What Are Web Services,
and Why Use Them?
Copyright © 2001 iWay Software Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2

Interface Flexibility vs. Interoperability
Flexibility
Interoperability
text
Flexibility
HTML
Flash
Interoperability
Flat file + FTP

Flexibility
Web services
CORBA
Interoperability
Our Five Web Services Terms
XML
Schema
Flexibility
SOAP + WSDL
UDDI
Interoperability
Topic: XML
XML
Schema
Flexibility
SOAP + WSDL
UDDI
Interoperability
XML
 “Self-describing”
 Easy to understand and use (in theory)
 Cross-platform
<book>
<author>Joliet Jake Blues</author>
<title>Shades of Blue</title>
<publisher>Free Forest Publishing</publisher>
</book>

XML – Issues
 Too flexible. Can describe anything, but we need

to know specifically what we’re going to see
<book>
</book>
<book>
<authors>
<author>
<title>Joliet</title>
<first>Jake</first>
<last>Blues</last>
</author>
</authors>
</book>

Topic: XML Schema
XML
Schema
Flexibility
SOAP + WSDL
UDDI
Interoperability
Schema
 Sets limits for what a given XML document holds

 The absolute minimum for automatic interactions
<book>
</book>
<book>
<authors>
<author>
<title>Joliet</title>
<first>Jake</first>
<last>Blues</last>
</author>
</authors>
</book>

Topics: SOAP and WSDL
XML
Schema
Flexibility
SOAP + WSDL
UDDI
Interoperability
Example: Using SOAP and WSDL
User Administrator
SOAP
WSDL
Request
“Can you help me “Sure. Here’s the

gain access to SAP?” WSDL file.”
SOAP
Response SAP

Topic: UDDI
XML
Schema
Flexibility
SOAP + WSDL
UDDI
Interoperability
Example: Using UDDI with
SOAP and WSDL
User UDDI Directory
SOAP
UDDI
WSDL
Request
SOAP
Response SAP

SOA and Web Services
Copyright © 2001 iWay Software Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2 2

The Vision of Web Services in
Service-Oriented Architecture
Java and Business B2B

Portals
.NET Apps Intelligence Interaction
Web Services: XML and HTTP
WS WS WS WS WS WS WS WS
The Reality

Portals

Custom Web Service Implementation
API API API API API API API API

Eliminating Code from Web Services

Portals

iWay SOA Middleware: ESB, etc.

SOA Means Not Being
Limited To Web Services

Portals
Web Services, XML, HTTP, JCA, ODBC, Plug-ins,…

iWay SOA Middleware: ESB, etc.

One of Our Customer’s Requirements
1. Get approved work 2. Load design detail into 3. Get Services Request
design work request Detail
4. Obtain Accomplish 5. Update Crew Schedule 6. Get Labor Equipment Info

Records
7. Update estimate tables 8. Extract Employee Skills

Customer Solution
Customer/1 PragmaCAD Passport Primavera (P3E)

Customer Rates & Mobile Crew Material Projects Activity
Equipment
Billing metering Management Profiles Catalogue Planning Estimates
CIS Customer Job Order AM Work Actual Labor

Schedules Equipment
Tools Info Tools Tools Orders Hours, costs
Service Exposure, Composition, Provision: ESB
App Server:
Orchestration
Service Exposure, Composition, Provision: ESB

ArcFM Timberline eTimeMachine Peoplesoft
Enterprise
Mapping & Work Accounting Material Resources & Employee HR
Project
Models Design & Estimating Catalogue Employees Skills Records
Management
Graphical Gas & Estimating Enterprise Time and HR Organization

Evaluations
Tools Electric tools PM tools Expense Tools detail
Web Services
Aren’t Enough

Web Services Alone Don’t Mean
You Have a Good Architecture
Service Credit Risk
consumers Engine
Application owners create

different services for each
ERP
Credit Credit
in PSFT in SAP
Information
Assets
The Usual Solution
Service Credit Risk

consumers Engine
Common (but bad) idea:

application developers call
each service independently
Credit Credit
in PSFT in SAP
Information
Assets
Terrible Development
Service Credit Risk

consumers Engine
Requires knowledge of
business problem,
which functions to call,
application security, metadata,
transaction management
Credit Credit
in PSFT in SAP
Information
Assets
Worse Maintenance
Service Credit Risk

consumers Engine
Tightly couples new application

to underlying ERPs, so upgrades
must propagate to new
application.
Credit Credit
in PSFT in SAP
Information
Assets
Problems Multiply With Reuse
Service EAI or BPM Credit Risk Portals and

consumers Tools Engine B2B systems
Every new application has to

recode multiple service calls the
same way, reducing the benefit
of service reuse.
Credit Credit
in PSFT in SAP
Information
Assets
No Isolation From Change

Adding or removing applications

causes a ripple effect throughout
the environment.
Credit Credit Credit

in PSFT in Siebel in SAP
Information
Assets
Better: Use “Service Composition”

Complete isolation from change.

Service implementation has little
to no effect on consumers.
Enterprise
Service
Bus
Credit Credit
in PSFT in SAP
Information
Assets


Enterprise
Service
Bus
Credit Credit Credit

in PSFT in Siebel in SAP
Information
Assets


Enterprise
Service
Bus
Credit Credit
in Siebel in SAP
Information
Assets
What Was That Again?

Web Services and Legacy Systems
Turn this… …into this

Application Application Application Application
App App App App
Service Service Service Service
Interface Interface Interface Interface

Application Application Application Application
App App App App
Web services decouple

service interfaces and applications
…but service invocations and interfaces
are usually still tightly coupled

ESB and Legacy Systems
Turn this… …into this

App App App App

App App App App
ESBs can decouple service invocations

from service interfaces
…through transformation,
routing, and service composition

SOA, Legacy, and the ESB
Focus on your core business rather then IT …
New Check
Traveler
Service
Add new services

Travel
Reservation
Book Flight Check Credit faster
Service Service
Process
Enterprise Service Bus
Hotel Flight Book Book

Availability Availability Hotel Car Change services with
minimal impact to
existing services
New Flight Old Flight
Availability Availability
Service Service

1 When all applications 2 When not all applications

conform to Web Services conform to Web Services
standards… standards…
Travel Check Travel Check
Check Credit Book Flight Check Credit Book Flight
Reservation Traveler Reservation Traveler
Service Service Application Application
Process Service Process Application
Typical Enterprise Service Bus Advanced Enterprise Service Bus
Hotel Flight Hotel Flight

Book Hotel Book Car Book Hotel Book Car
Availability Availability Availability Availability
Service Service Application Application
Service Service Service Application
…a “standards-based” ESB …you may need an advanced ESB

may do enough that creates services from existing
non-standard assets.
iWay Enterprise Service Bus
Web Service connectivity Universal connectivity

and data transformation and transformation
Web Services Tuxedo CICS Baan
JMS JCA Essbase 5250 3270
UDDI HTML Siebel SAP EDIG@S ESRI
EDIINT AquaLogic BizTalk UCCnet
XML SOAP JMS FIX Oracle Google VSAM
Lawson PeopleSoft ebXML DB2/400
WSDL HTTP AS1 GJXML AS2 AS3 HL7

iWay’s Two Major Benefits:
Productivity and Interoperability
Productivity Interoperability
 From developer’s perspective,  Different platforms and software
everything looks the same require different plugins
 Requires no extra training or skills  Leaves you open for next steps, e.g.,
 Useful for their tools of choice B2B, post-Web services
Composite
BPM/BPEL B2B Portals EAI Tools
Apps
XML
JCA Plug-in Plug-in
AS2
Service interfaces: business data only
Stateless services
DB2 VSAM CICS CICS IMS DB2/400 JDE Oracle SAP SQL Svr Etc.
Mainframe iSeries Unix Windows
SOA and
Business Intelligence

Options:
Traditional ETL
 Supports DW goals: single version of truth, etc.
 Relatively simple conceptually
 Relatively high latency
Data
Flow

Options: Real-time, or
“Trickle-feed”, Data Warehousing
 Events captured, cleansed, loaded as they happen
 Supports DW goals: single version of truth, etc.
 Very low latency, from real-time to several minutes
Event
Flow

Options: Distributed Query
 One query, many sources: reconciled in real time

 The operational systems’ “version of the truth”
 Need to be wary of performance, contention issues

Data Integration vs.
Application Integration
Application Application
Data Data
FTP Load
Dump

Data Data
FTP Load
Dump

Transactions
Transactions

Application Integration – and SOA –
For Business Intelligence
Application
Transactions
Business
Intelligence
Applications
Data
Warehouse

Application
Transactions
Business
Intelligence
Applications
Data
Warehouse

Application
Transactions
Business
Intelligence
Applications
Data
Warehouse

Application
Transactions Portals
Business
Intelligence
Applications
Composite
Applications
Data Business-to-
Warehouse Business
Interactions

What Services Should We Expose,
And When?
 SQL-queryable data models
 Parameterized non-SQL queries
 Queries deployed from BI tools
 Pros and cons of various tool sets
 Business intelligence
 Application integration
 EII / federated data query tools
 Customers:
 Bell Canada
 Iowa Courts
Henny Penny

Pre iWay Topology
RIP and read
Rip and
7.3.3
Read
FTP / Form
Trading Receive and print JDE Terminal

orders
Partner I Interface
Value Added Network

DB2
ODBC
FTP / X!2 EDI ISERIES
INOVIS EDI
Translator
Trading
Partner II
Solution Topology
Trading Partner I Trading Partner II Trading Partner III
Sales Orders Sales Orders Email Server
Protocol EDI X12 Protocol

Adapter Adapter Adapter
FTP/ XML FTP/ X!2 EDI eMail/File
Validate and Translate Running a process

iWay flow to validate
Service and insert sales
Manager orders.
Trading Partner Runtime
JDE Master Business
JD Edwards Legacy
Functions interface Windows 2003 Server
One World Adapter Adapter
DB2
7.3.3 iSeries
Colorado Dept of
Corrections

Pre iWay Topology
Flat files
HL7
GJXML
Call Center
Is there any vendor
that
can help us validate,
transform, and route
Online flat files, HL7, and
Pharmacy GJXML – in and out -
of our Jail Colorado Department
Of Corrections
Management System?
Jail Management System
Colorado
Bureau of
Investigation
iWay Solution
Colorado Department of Corrections

Call Center
Wintel Unix
Flat files
HL7 Service RDBMS

Manager Adapter Informix
Online
GJXML
Pharmacy
Jail Management
System
DOC Enterprise Service Bus
Colorado
Bureau of
Investigation*
*Future:
Copyright GJXML
© 2006 exchanges
iWay Software with other departments inside the Colorado Justice supply chain … 6
Wrap-up

What To Do Now: Project Perspective
 Evaluate high-value projects

 Portal, composite application, B2B, BPM, BI
 Evaluate BI applications
 You measure important stuff: walk the process
 Identify the services needed to support them
 Identify other projects that can use them
 Create the services
 Orchestrate them
 Don’t be too timid: you’ll want the ROI and reuse

Call to Action
Take us up on . . .
Half Day needs analysis and Review
Our iWay Integration Specialists will
 Analyze your business challenge
 Examine your Enterprise / Environment
 Assess your integration requirements
 Recommend Integration Alternatives
This half day session is free
Hands on Workshops
Note your interest on your evaluations

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Service-Oriented Architecture

and Web Services

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 1

 What does the “S” stand for in SOA?

 Who or what is being serviced in SOA?

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software

 How do we improve check processing?

Answering these questions requires a solid

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software

 What’s this change going to cost?

 Web services aren’t the same thing as SOA

 What are Web services?

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2

Flat file + FTP

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 1

 Too flexible. Can describe anything, but we need

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 1

 Sets limits for what a given XML document holds

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 1

“Can you help me “Sure. Here’s the

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2 2

Java and Business B2B

Web Services: XML and HTTP

Java and Business B2B

Web Services: XML and HTTP

API API API API API API API API

Java and Business B2B

Web Services: XML and HTTP

API API API API API API API API

Java and Business B2B

Web Services, XML, HTTP, JCA, ODBC, Plug-ins,…

API API API API API API API API

4. Obtain Accomplish 5. Update Crew Schedule 6. Get Labor Equipment Info

7. Update estimate tables 8. Extract Employee Skills

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2

Customer/1 PragmaCAD Passport Primavera (P3E)

CIS Customer Job Order AM Work Actual Labor

Service Exposure, Composition, Provision: ESB

Service Exposure, Composition, Provision: ESB

Graphical Gas & Estimating Enterprise Time and HR Organization

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2 3

Application owners create

Service Credit Risk

Common (but bad) idea:

Service Credit Risk

Service Credit Risk

Tightly couples new application

Service EAI or BPM Credit Risk Portals and

Every new application has to

Service EAI or BPM Credit Risk Portals and

Adding or removing applications

Credit Credit Credit

Service EAI or BPM Credit Risk Portals and

Complete isolation from change.

Service EAI or BPM Credit Risk Portals and