National Institute Of Technology, Warangal

Presentation On Vehicle Safety

Presented By: Mr. Punit Jain M.Tech. 1st Year Roll No. 123716

Guided By: Dr. G. Amba Prasad Rao

Introduction
Automobile safety is the study and practice

of design, construction, equipment and regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences of automobile accidents. Two types: Active systems Passive Systems

Air Bags
It is an occupant restraint system consisting

of a flexible fabric envelope designed to inflate rapidly during an automobile collision. Its purpose is to cushion occupants during a crash and provide protection to their bodies when they strike interior objects such as the steering wheel or a window.

Seat Belts
Device designed to secure the occupant

a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop. It keeps occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag (if equipped) and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash.

Full Wrap Frontal Crash Test

Objective
Protection

of its occupants in the event of a serious real world frontal crash.

Picture courtesy JNCAP

Frontal Crash Test Procedure

Test dummies are placed in both the

driver's and front passenger's seats and the vehicle is made to collide with a concrete barrier at a rate of 55 km/h. The dummies are checked for injuries The vehicle is checked for damage and deformation

Offset frontal collision test

Test Procedure Dummies are placed in the driver's and rear passenger's seats Test vehicle is made to collide head on on the driver's side (at an offset of 40%) with an aluminium honeycomb at a rate of 64km/h. The dummies are checked for injuries The vehicle is checked for damage and deformation

Side collision test

Causes the most damage next to frontal

collisions. Procedure:
A

trolley with a mass of 950 kg is made to collide at a speed of 55 km/h with the side of a stationary test vehicle with a dummy normally on the drivers seat.

 Front

of the trolley has been outfitted with a shock absorbent aluminium honeycomb which provides a similar degree of hardness as such a vehicle. Side curtain air bags has been taken in test from FY2008.

Collision tests for electric cars.

Tests are carried out for full wrap frontal

collisions, offset frontal collisions and side collisions. Performance is evaluated in regard to the passengers not receiving any electric shocks, any leakage of the electrolyte from the high voltage battery and the battery attachment condition.

Rear-end collision test

In Rear end collision neck injury are most

commonly among the passenger injuries. Rear end collision shocks (velocity change (V), wave shape, etc.) are given to dummies placed in the driver's or front passenger's seats.

 Test reproduces rear end collision shocks

when a car crashes into a parked car which is the same in mass at a rate of around 32km/h (velocity change(V) of 17.6km/h).

Pedestrian Protection Tests

Pedestrian head protection tests.
Procedure
An

adult or a child pedestrian's head simulated impactor (head impactor) are projected toward the car bonnet, etc., from the testing machine. The impact received by the head impactors is measured and then evaluated using head injury criterion (HIC).

The

impacting speed of head in the domestic technical regulation is 32km/h (The collision speed received by the pedestrian against the car is equivalent to 40km/h.) Impact angles differ according to the shape of the front part of 3 types of vehicles; sedan, SUV, and One Box.
Test

vehicles are divided by the vehicle type. Tests are done in each testing area under each impact condition.

 Pedestrian leg protection performance test

Procedure
leg

impactor (FLEX-PLI) dummy made to represent the leg of an adult male is launched by the testing machine at a speed of 40 km/h at the bumper of the test car. Injuries to the knee and shin area at the point of impact are measured and evaluated on a four point scale for the degree of injury when the vehicle collides with a pedestrian.

Electronic stability control

Esc is an extension of ABS which has speed sensors and

independent braking for each wheel.Additional sensors monitors how well a vehicle is responsible to a driver's input.

Emergency brake assist

When sensor detect panic braking, system boosts braking

power to reduce stopping distance.

Blind Spot warning/detection

Radar or digital cameras detect whether vehicles are

moving within blind spot zones and warn drivers.

Google Autonomous Car

Passenger Seat Belt Reminder

Passenger Seat Belt Reminder (PSBR) is a

device that notifies the driver and others when a passenger other than the driver is not wearing a seat belt.

References
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/auto-

safety-testing/how-is-active-automotive-safety-tested1.htm
Schner, Dr. Hans-Peter. "Testing and Verification of Active

Safety Systems with Coordinated Automotive Driving." (Nov. 17, 2010) http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv21/090187.pdf
NHTSA. "Updated Review of Potential Test Procedures for

FMVSS No.208." October 1999. (Nov. 17, 2010) http://www.nhtsa.gov/DOT/NHTSA/NRD/Multimedia/PDFs/Cr ashworthiness/Air%20Bags/FMVSS_208_II.pdf

Thank You