GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES

HPCL

Tests on soil samples

Natural moisture content Bulk and dry density Specific gravity Liquid limit and plastic limit Sieve analysis Hydrometer analysis Unconfined compression test Direct shear test

On rock samples
Unit weight Specific gravity Water absorption and porosity Uni-axial compressive strength Point load strength

Tests conducted
Trial pit Vane shear test Electrical resistivity test

Options
Raft on pile Stone column Prefabricated vertical drain

Prefabricated vertical drains

Act as free draining water channel. surrounded by a thin filter jacket which prevents the surrounding soil from entering the core. A vertical drain accelerates the rate of consolidation. Installation of vertical drains is a convenient technique for stabilization of soft and compressible soil .

PVD

PVD

Improving soil behaviour

Material added: Sugarcane straw ash Soil passing through 75micron sieve less than 35% (clayey soil)

Tests
Specific gravity of ash Unconfined compressive strength test CBR test

sample 1

%stabilisation 0 2 4 6 8

Liquid limit 41.6 38.65 45.50 28.5 25 43.3 38.5 36 39.85

Plastic limit 30.95 26.88 29.32 15.57 13.94 25.41 25.47 25.64 27.24

Plastic index 10.6 10.64 16.19 12.93 4.43 17.89 12.88 10.36 12.61

0 2 4 6

40.8

27.85

20.66

sample 1.

% stabilisation 0 2 4 6 8

Specific gravity 2.42

U.C.C. (KN/m2) 79.64 179.18 209.98 284.66 179.18

2.

0 2

2.58

104.86 165.44

4
6 8

227.04
350.10 325.01

Ranges of UCC
0-25kN/m2 very soft clay 25-50kN/m2- soft clay 50-100kN/m2- medium 100-200kN/m2- stiff 200-400kN/m2- very stiff >400kN/m2hard clay