Different Type of Compressors

Different Type of Compressors

Positive Displacement Compressors Dynamic Compressors

1- Reciprocating 2- Rotary 2-1 Vane 2-2 lobe 2-3 Screw

1- Axial 2- Radial Centrifugal compressor)

Types of Compressors
Axial Compressors Fluid flow is parallel to axis of rotation Used in modern aircraft Have several stages to increase compressor pressure ratio Used in modern gas turbine engines Centrifugal Compressor

Fluid flow is perpendicular to the axis of rotation Used in first jet turbine engines Have a larger CPR per stage

Axial Compressors

Axial Compressor

Axial Compressors
What is it?

A number of stages of alternate rotating and stationary airfoil-section blades, attached to discs or a drum, which force the incoming air through a divergent angular duct.
How does it work?

Air is accelerated as it passes through each stage by rotating blades and forced rearwards through stationary blades which reduce velocity and increase pressure.

Advantages of Axial-Flow Compressors

High overall pressure ratio (p) High h Small front area (high mass flux) Steady increase in p/stage High Mach numbers

Disadvantages of Axial-Flow Compressors

Good efficiency over narrow rotational speed range. Difficulty of manufacture and high cost. Relatively high weight. High starting power requirements (this has been partially overcome by split compressors).

Axial Compressor

Axial Compressor

Axial Compressor

Axial Compressor

Basic Design of Axial Compressor

The axial compressor produces small increases in pressure per stage Each stage consists of first a revolving rotor followed by a stationary stator The rotor gives the energy to the fluid flow The stator increases pressure and keeps the flow from spiraling around the axis.

Basic Design of Axial Compressor

Fluid enters compressor where the blades are longer and exits where blades are shorter, opposite of the turbine Must be designed in such a way as to prevent stall Use of velocity diagrams will determine blades angles

Multistage axial compressors

Multistage axial flow compressors will produce much larger CPR then single stage compressors Largest pressure ratio is in first stage To calculate the average pressure ratio needed per stage for a set pressure ratio ASPR = PRtotal^ 1/n Where n is the number of stages needed

Axial Compressor

Axial Compressor Stage

Axial Compressor

Axial and Centrifugal Compressor

Blade Fixation

Three stage Axial Compressor

Schematic diagram of changes in fluid properties and velocity through an axial compressor stage.

Axial Compressor Section

Axial Compressor Cutaway

Axial Compressor First Stage Rotor

Axial Compressor Rotor and Casing

Axial Compressor Stage

Euler Equation

A Note on Enthalpy

Stage Pressure Ratio and Speeds

Degree of Reaction

Dimensionless Groups

 Thank you for your attention