DEFINITION OF NURSING

Nursing encompasses autonomous and

collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes promotion of health, prevention of illness and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles. (International council of nurses, 2002)

QUALITIES OF A PROFESSIONAL NURSE

N- Nobility, knowledge.
U- Usefulness, understanding R- Righteousness, responsibility. S- Simplicity, sympathy. E- Efficiency, equanimity

SCOPE OF NURSING

ROLE OF NURSES
Care giver
Decision maker Client protector and advocate Manager and coordinator Communicator

ROLE OF NURSES
Educator
Counselor Collaborator Rehabilitator Comforter

EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES

DEFINITION
The functions of a nurse that are not specified in the traditional limits of nursing practice legislation.

EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES

1.Advanced practice nurses

Clinical Nurse Specialists Certified nurse midwife Certified registered nurse anesthetist. Nurse practitioners

JOBS OF NURSE PRACTITIONER

Diagnosing, treating, evaluating and

managing a/c and c/c illness and disease. Obtaining medical histories and conducting physical examinations. Ordering, performing and interpreting diagnostic studies. Prescribing drugs for a/c and c/c diseases. Providing prenatal care and family planning services

JOBS OF NURSE PRACTITIONER Cont..

Providing well child care including

screening and immunisations. Performing or assisting in minor surgeries and procedures. Counselling and education of patients on health behaviours, self care skills and treatment options.

EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES

2. Nurse educator PROFESSIONAL ROLES OF NURSE EDUCATOR Education Clinical supervision Role model and mentor Continuing education Research

EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES

3. Nurse administrator 4. Nurse researcher The nurse researcher investigates problems to improve nursing care and to further define and expand the scope of nursing practice. The nurse researcher may be employed in an academic setting, hospital or an independent professional or community service agency..

EXPANDED ROLES
A nurse researcher assists with collecting

data in the field of health and medical care. The nurse may review the data and provide information on the results. The researcher plays a significant role in helping doctors and scientists understand the complications of medical conditions. 5. Nurse authors

ROLE OF NURSE IN DIFFERENT PRACTICE SETTINGS

1. Hospitals
2. Skilled nursing facilities 3. Restorative care facilities 4. Home care

HOME HEALTH CARE SERVICES

Wound care
Respiratory care Elimination Nutrition Rehabilitation

Medications
Intravenous therapy Laboratory studies

ROLE OF NURSE IN DIFFERENT PRACTICE SETTINGS

5. Rehabilitation 6. Community based practice settings Community health centers Schools Occupational health settings Hospice and palliative care nursing Parish nursing Telehealth nursing

SCHOOL NURSE
School nurses need a working knowledge of human growth and development.
Need counselling skills.

Keep records of children required immunisation.

Work with teachers to improve the health

concepts into the curriculum. Conduct vision and hearing screens. Focus on preventive aspect of child health

PARISH NURSING
Providing meals for families in crisis or when returning home after hospitalisation. Organising prayer circles. Volunteering in community acquired immunodeficiency syndrome care groups. Holding regular grief support groups

LEVELS OF PREVENTION
Primary prevention
o

health promotion o environmental protection o specific protection against disease or injury Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention

JOB DESCRIPTION
STAFF NURSE

Direct patient care

Carry out the procedures of admission and discharge

of the patient. Maintains personal hygiene and comforts of the patient. Attends to the personal needs of the patient and feeds the helpless patient. Implements and maintains ward policies and routines. Co-ordinates patient care with other team members. Administration of medication.

STAFF NURSE
Assisting doctors in various medical and surgical diagnostic procedures.
Performing simple diagnostic procedures like

urinanalysis, haemoglobin percentage etc.. Recording of vital signs. Collecting and sending of specimens for laboratory diagnostic procedures. Take rounds with the doctors when called to list new orders and see that they are carried out.

STAFF NURSE
Operation theatre management Maintains aseptic environment of the operation theatre. Autoclaving of articles, instruments, gloves, linen etc. required for various types of surgery. Receives patients from the ward intact for

surgery. Prepares anaesthetic trolley and trolley for surgery, according to type and procedures.

STAFF NURSE
Assist the surgeon and anaesthetist.
Indenting and procuring surgical

instruments, drugs, gloves, suturing materials and O2, N2,CO2 etc. required for operation theatre. Maintains records and reports pertaining to the operation theatre

STAFF NURSE
Management of Labour room

Preparation of expectant mother for asceptic safe

delivery. Conducts normal deliveries and reports. Attends and assists doctors in all obstetrical emergencies. Takes care of newborn and premature babies. Maintains records and reports pertaining to labour room. Indent and procure necessary drugs, supplies, linen etc. to labour room.

STAFF NURSE
Educational function Helps in orientation of new staff and students.. Carries out health teaching for individual or group of patients Participates in in-service education programmes. Assists and extends co operation in medical and nursing research programme.

SENIOR STAFF NURSE

Direct patient care Ensures proper admission, discharge of patients. She/he see that total health needs of his/her patients are met. Takes nursing rounds with staff and students. Makes rounds with doctors, assisting them in diagnosis and treatment of patients. Co-ordinates patient care with other departments

SENIOR STAFF NURSE

Supervision and administration Makes duty and work assignments. Indenting and procurement of ward supplies and equipments and keeps records. Does regular inventory checking. Maintains discipline among the personnel working in the particular ward.

SENIOR STAFF NURSE

Reports about any medico legal cases in the

ward/unit. Maintains good public relations in his/her ward/unit. Ensures that students get desired learning experience in the ward/unit.

SENIOR STAFF NURSE

Educational function Organises orientation programmes for new staff. Conducts ward conferences or meeting. Guides in formulation of nursing care plans and care studies. Helps in medical and nursing research. Encourages staff development programmes in his/her wards

NURSING SUPERINTENDENT GRADEII

Patient care and ward/unit management Conducts and attends to the departmental and interdepartmental meetings/conferences from time to time. Makes regular rounds of her department. Makes rotation plan for the nursing staff and the domestic staff Organises and plans and nursing care activities of the department.

GRADEII SUPERINTENDENT
Plans staffing pattern and other necessary

requirements of her department.. Supervises the proper use and care of the equipment and supplies in the department. Officiates in the absence of Nursing Superintendent Gr1. Helps ward or unit supervisors to produce their ward/unit. Organises and plans nursing care activities of the department.

GRADEII SUPERINTENDENT
Educational function Arranges classes and clinical teaching of nursing students in the department. Implements the ward teaching programme and clinical experience of the students with the help of doctors and nurses. Does counselling and guidance of staff and students. Arranges and conducts staff development programmes of his/her department.

GRADEII SUPERINTENDENT
General Escorts Nursing Superintendent Gr 1, Medical superintendent, and special visitors for hospital rounds. Arranges and participates in professional and social function of staff and students. Acts as a liaison officer between the nursing department and other higher hospital authorities.

NURSING SUPERINTENDENT GRADE 1

Nursing services Participates in the formulation of the philosophy of the hospital in general and those specific to the nursing service. Determines goals, aims, objectives and policies of the nursing services. Interviews and recruits nursing staff. Makes regular visits in hospitals and wards.

SUPERINTENDENT GRADE I
Takes hospital rounds with medical

superintendent. Selects and secures proper equipment needed for the hospital Prepares duty roster, plans staff leave and disburses salary. Gives counselling and guidance to the subordinate staff.

SUPERINTENDENT GRADE 1
Maintains discipline among nurses and

other auxiliary staff. Participates in hospital and inter-hospital meetings and conferences. Investigates complaints and takes necessary steps. Initiates and participates in nursing research

SUPERINTENDENT GRADE 1
General and office duties Maintains necessary records concerning the nursing staff, students, confidential reports and health records etc. Submits annual reports of the nursing service departments to Medical superintendent, INC and Nurses Registration Council. Maintains cordial relations with public and voluntary workers. Participates in professional and community activities.

DIVERSITY IN NURSING
Forensic nursing
Telemetry nursing Space nursing Travel nursing Military nursing