Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Language in Use
Language in Use
Language in Use
Marion Durbahn
A Sample of Language
Words
Phrases Clauses
Sentences
Abstract units of linguistic analysis Text The actual use of language
What is text?
Denotation
Denotation refers to the literal meaning of a word, the "dictionary definition."
Connotation (Refer)
refers to the associations that are connected to a certain word or the emotional suggestions related to that word.
http://www.eng.fju.edu.tw/English_Literature/terms/denotation.htm
Exercise
Snake Spider Mother Dessert Jewel Lazy
Real or imaginary
Exercises
What are the purpose (functions of these utterances? 1. Its a cold one today. [From one neighbor to another as they pass by each other.] 2. Teacher: What is 5 1 2? Student: 7. 3. I pronounce you man and wife. [Said by minister.] 4. I promise to be there at five. 5. Can you lift a hundred pounds? 6. Can you pass me the salt? 7. Pass me the salt.
If I say
The king and queen died The king died and then the queen died The king died and then the queen died from grief The queen died because the king died
Enconded meaning
Semantic Meaning
Pragmatic Purpose
Textualization
Interpretation
Properties of Texts
Beaugrande and Dressler constitutive principles of text 1. Cohesion 2. Coherence 3. Intentionality 4. Acceptability 5. Informativity 6. Situationality 7. Intertextuality (1981) seven
Cohesion
Reference
Endophoric Reference
Anaphoric Reference Cataphoric Reference
Exoforic Reference
Coherence