Effective Decision making and Problem Solving skills Shubham Learnings

Mr. P.S.Rao, Mr. Dushyant Mishra Mob. 09823876842

suryanand55@yahoo.co.in

What is a problem...?

A problem is an undesirable result of a

process or a Job

The gap between the expectation and the

outcome

What is Problem solving...?

Any effort to fill or minimise the gap between the actual and the desired target

Develop a solution appropriate to address the issue

To take corrective measure to overcome the cause

Problem Solving Approach

They are based on the facts

Traces the root causes of the undesired

phenomenon

Solving problems rationally, Scientifically, techniques

efficiently & effectively using QC tools &

7 Steps of
6

7
CONCLUSION

1
2

QC Story

STANDARDISATON

A P C D

3
ANALYSIS

5
CHECK

4
ACTION

1. Problem

Define the problem clearly Look at the charts showing the undesirable

result of poor performance

Decide the Theme and Target Decide the Team (Guide, Leader & Members) Decide the timing plan

2. Observation

Observe various phenomenon / symptoms of the

problem from different view points

Conduct observation at the workplace where the

problem exists

Use Charts, Data and stratification of data to

understand the phenomenon

3. Analysis
Arrive at the main/ root causes for each phenomenon

Ask Why five times. This will lead to the root cause

Use QC tools as required.

Be cautious about using QC tools as they may also list unrelated potential causes. This leads to wastage of times Verify the causes by intentionally reproducing the defects ( E.g.. Good-bad analysis)

WHY WHY Analysis

- Oil leaks from cylinder rod each time it operates. Why Why did it leak? Why was it cut? Why was it scratched? Why did chips get attached? Why is rod praced in that Why no cover? Answer Cut in O-ring. Rod has scratch. Chip was scattered and attached on rod. Cylinder is located within scattering range of chips. Rod cover is not placed. Defective design and installation Action Disassemble leaking part. Replace O-ring. Remove scratch. Take measure to prevent chips from scattering Change cylinder position Install cover. Standardize design and installation.

4. Action
Develop actions for immediate remedy. Action plan ( Actions to reduce the problem) in 3W1H

Develop actions to eliminate the main causes to prevent recurrence

Understand the side - effects of the countermeasures

Implement a countermeasure which is most economical as well as satisfying the technical conditions.

5. Check

Check the result through comparative measure

chart before & after implementation of actions

Compare the result with target value If the problem is continuing even after the

actions have been taken, go back to the

observation step & restart the investigation.

6. Standardisation
Document the improved process for standardisation

Revise existing standards or develop new standards such as Quality Control Process Charts / TVS-SUZUKI Operations Standards and other relevant Standard Operating Procedures

Provide education and training to the doers

Set up a Conformance Audit System and conduct Audits.

7. Conclusion
Review the problem solving procedure & plan future actions for continuous improvement

Sum up the remaining problems

Establish plan of the action for the remaining problems

A P C D

7. Conclusion
Review the problem solving procedure & plan future actions for continuous improvement

Sum up the remaining problems

Establish plan of the action for the remaining problems

A P C D

7. Conclusion
Review the problem solving procedure & plan future actions for continuous improvement

Sum up the remaining problems

Establish plan of the action for the remaining problems

A P C D

7. Conclusion
Review the problem solving procedure & plan future actions for continuous improvement

Sum up the remaining problems

Establish plan of the action for the remaining problems

A P C D

ROTATE P.D.C.A

7 steps of QC story
1) Problem:
2) Observation:

Identification of the problem.

Recognition of the features of the problem.

3) Analysis:
4) Action: 5) Check:

Finding out the main causes.

Action to eliminate the causes. Confirmation of the effectiveness of the action.

6) Standardisation: Permanent elimination of the causes. 7) Conclusion: Review of the activities and planning for future work.

Seven tools for QC

1. Check sheet 2. Pareto diagram 3. Histogram 4. Cause and Effect Diagram 5. Stratification 6. Scatter Diagram 7. Control chart/ Graph